a great friendship
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¡¡Thomas Jefferson and James Madison met in 1776.Could it have been any other year? They worked together starting then to further American Revolution and later to shape the new scheme of government. From the work sprang a friendship perhaps incomparable in intimacy and the trustfulness of collaboration and induration. It lasted 50 years. It included pleasure and utility but over and above them, there were shared purpose, a common end and an enduring goodness on both sides. Four and a half months before he died, when he was ailing, debt-ridden, and worried about his impoverished family, Jefferson wrote to his longtime friend. His words and Madison's reply remind us that friends are friends until death. They also remind us that sometimes a friendship has a bearing on things larger than the friendship itself, for has there ever been a friendship of greater public consequence than this one?
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¡¡¡¡"The friendship which has subsisted between us now half a century, the harmony of our po1itical principles and pursuits have been sources of constant happiness to me through that long period. It's also been a great solace to me to believe that you're engaged in vindicating to posterity the course that we've pursued for preserving to them, in all their purity, their blessings of self-government, which we
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¡¡¡¡A week later Madison replied-
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Fossett makes history
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%BPV:GQ&cbbs.gter.netFlying from horizon to horizon, Steve Fossett completed the first nonstop, flight 'round-the-world without refueling on Thursday afternoon, landing gracefully in Kansas at 2:49 pm ET. |Áôѧ|Ç©Ö¤|TOEFL|GREt(b/l`:a

:X!P*g5n(?G]$oÁôѧ,¿¼ÊÔ,TOEFL,GRE,GMAT,IELTS,SAT,VISA,ÎÄÊé,Ç©Ö¤,ÂÛ̳,³ö¹ú,ÉêÇë,ÃÀ¹ú,Ó¢¹ú,Å·ÖÞ,¼ÓÄôó,USAA cheering crowd gathered to usher the GlobalFlyer and its 60-year-old pilot into the record books, something that has become almost routine for Fossett in recent years. The aviator now holds three record-breaking circumnavigations of the globe, the two others by balloon and sailboat.
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"It's something I've wanted to do for a long time," Fossett said as he stepped out of the plane, his legs wobbly after nearly three days in the cockpit. "It has been a major ambition of mine."
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The sometimes tense journey across three oceans and dozens of countries began in Salina, Kansas, on Monday evening. The 25,000-mile (40,234 kilometer) voyage took 67 hours and two minutes. It was financed by Fossett's longtime friend and investor, Richard Branson, who heads Virgin Atlantic Airways.
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Despite the successful homecoming, the GlobalFlyer encountered dark moments during its flight. Áôѧ,¿¼ÊÔ,TOEFL,GRE,GMAT,IELTS,SAT,VISA,ÎÄÊé,Ç©Ö¤,ÂÛ̳,³ö¹ú,ÉêÇë,ÃÀ¹ú,Ó¢¹ú,Å·ÖÞ,¼ÓÄôó,USA1m
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At one point, controllers thought the plane would run out of fuel far short of its target. Fossett and the GlobalFlyer team considered abandoning the trip when they were over Hawaii on Wednesday because the experimental plane came up about 2,600 pounds of fuel short after taking off. The jet burns 102 pounds of fuel per hour. The team speculated that fuel was vented from four tanks shortly after takeoff. L0F;{ V
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¡¡ Nowadays, auto-flush motion sensor toilets are in schools, airports, hotels, and tourist spots around the world. But do you know who invented this modern convenience? The answer may surprise you. It was Teng Hung-Chi of Nantou, Taiwan, who was only 19 when he created the original sensor urinal!
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¡¡¡¡When people discover that an appliance3 is broken, they often stop using it. Not Teng, though. Since childhood, he has enjoyed learning about such appliances by taking them apart. His curiosity and persistence4 have helped him create many quality innovations.5 For Teng, inventing is nothing more than changing the status quo.6g-t(]xw9Cs+L:nv

j:X9T3H"Zbbs.gter.net¡¡ Teng's passionate interest in inventing has helped him win many prizes at the annual World Invention Contest. But behind these prestigious1 awards lie days and nights of continuous hard work.¼ÄÍмÒÔ°q7M/~D9|4_Ht
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!GV2sfH6qbbs.gter.net¡¡¡¡ In addition to his lifelong interest in inventing things himself, Teng is also devoted to educating others about invention. The 40-year-old Teng encourages people to pursue2 fantastic notions3 and make them reality, instead of being limited by conventional4 thinking.
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British "Angle of the Beach" named Child of the Year .U
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She came ahead of a South African Aids orphan, a six-year-old girl who survived a kidnapping by paedophiles and a young Parisian pop singer to win the Mon Quotidien award.
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As she watched the waves suddenly begin to recede, and the sea was bubbling,she warned her mother, Penny, that the beach was about to be struck by a tsunami. Mrs Smith and her husband, Colin, alerted other holidaymakers and hotel staff and scores of people were cleared from Maikhao beach at Phuket.
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Born Sofia Scicolone, on Sept. 20, 1934, in Rome. An illegitimate child of Romilda Villani and Riccardo Scicolone, she grew up in dire poverty, in the slums of Pozzuoli, just outside Naples during wartime.  Her mother, a frustrated actress, instilled starring aspirations in the skinny little Sofia (she was nicknamed Stechetto--the stick--at the time).  Her first taste of glamour came at fourteen when she was crowned one of twelve "Princesses of the Sea" in a beauty contest ---- an honor for which she earned a railroad ticket to Rome, and 23,000 lira (about $35). ¼ÄÍмÒÔ°(cK2~"A3Y#ok7Y
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Ted Turner
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(\aH;]nh1Z)J|Áôѧ|Ç©Ö¤|TOEFL|GRE--the founder of CNN
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Flu When Turner gave his first billion to the UN£¬he dropped 67 laces on the Forbes 500 rich list£¬out of the top 10 for ever£®£¨His fortune now stands at$ 3.8 bn£®£©
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George Soros -- the financial crocodile
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George Soros wants to be the Bono of the financial world. The speculator whose assault on sterling ejected Britain from the European exchange rate mechanism that September of 10 years ago has a mission£­£­to use his esti£­mated ¡ê5 bn fortune and his fame to help tackle what he sees as the failures of globalisation. The idea that a man who made billions betting on the financial markets sides with the anti£­globalisation movement might strike some as ironic. Soros is clearly genuinely appalled at the damage wrought on vulnerable economies by the vast sums of money which flow across national borders every day.
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"The US governs the international system to protect its own economy. It is not in charge of protecting other economies, "he says. "So when America goes into recession, you have anti£­recessionary policies. When other countries are in recession, they don't have the ability to engage in anti£­recessionary policies because they can't have a permissive monetary policy, because money would flee. "In person, he has the air of a philosophy professor rather than a gimlet£­eyed financier. In a soft voice which bears the traces of his native Hungary, he argues that it is time to rewrite the so£­called Washington consensus£­£­the cocktail of liberalisation, privatisation and fiscal rectitude which the IMF has been preaching for 15 years. Developing countries no longer have the freedom to run their own economies, he argues, even when they follow perfectly sound policies. He cites Brazil, which although it has a floating currency and manageable public debt was paying ten times over the odds to borrow from capital markets.
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¡¡Soros, who at one stage after the fall of the Berlin Wall was providing more assistance to Russia than the US government, believes in practising what he preaches.His Open Society Institute has been pivotal in helping eastern European countries develop democratic societies and market economies. Soros has the advantage of an insider's knowledge of the workings of global capitalism, so his criticism is particularly pointed. Last year, the Soros foundation's network spent nearly half a billion dollars on projects in education, public health and promoting democracy, making it one of the world's largest private donors.¼ÄÍмÒÔ°|,^u1jX(pV`


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m¼ÄÍмÒÔ°¡¡Soros credits the anti£­globalisation movement for having made companies more sensitive to their wider responsibilities."I think [the protesters] have made an important contribution by making people aware of the flaws of the system, "he says."People on the street had an impact on public opinion and corporations which sell to the public responded to that."Because the IMF has abandoned billion dollar bailouts for troubled economies, he thinks a repeat of the Asian crisis is unlikely.The fund's new"tough love"policy£­£­for which Argentina is the guinea pig £­£­ has other consequences. The bailouts were a welfare system for Wall Street, with western taxpayers rescuing the banks from the consequences of unwise lending to emerging economies. Now the IMF has drawn a line in the sand, credit to poor countries is drying up."It has created a new problem£­£­the inadequacy of the flow of capital from centre to the periphery, " he says.
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8mBE7Rt{%m)hbbs.gter.netThe one economy Soros is not losing any sleep about is the US."I am much more positive about the underlying economy than I am about the market, because we are waging war not only terrorism but also on recession, "he says."Although we don't admit it, we are actually applying Keynesian remedies, and I am a confirmed Keynesian. I have not yet seen an economy in recession when you are gearing up for war."He worries that the world's largest economic power is not living up to its responsibilities."I would like the United States to live up to the responsibilities of its hegemonic power because it is not going to give up its hegemonic power, "he says."The only thing that is realistic is for the United States to become aware that it is in its enlightened self£­interest to ensure that the rest of the world benefits from their role."

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When Ensign Andrew Lee Muns suddenly vanished nearly 34 years ago, the U.S. Navy branded him a deserter and a thief. It was 1968; the U.S. was waging an increasingly unpopular war in Vietnam and sailors went missing all the time. Muns was the new paymaster aboard the USS Cacapon, a refueling ship based at Subic Bay in the Philippines. When he dissapeared, the Navy discovered that $8,600 was missing from the ship's safe; since Muns had access to safe, officials decided that he had taken the money and run. Case closed.bbs.gter.netZo
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But Muns' sister, Mary Lou Taylor, couldn't accept the official version of her brother's disappearance. She vowed to uncover the truth and restore her family's honor. "It broke my father's heart ¡­ He literally had a heart attack three years later," said Taylor." I'm not blaming the Navy for his heart attack, but it was harder than just losing a son."|Áôѧ|Ç©Ö¤|TOEFL|GREB&bT.}TH$Bz:c

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RFRls r1w*cIn the mid-1970s, after years of holding out hope that Muns might return, his family decided to have him declared legally dead. But when they asked the Navy to supply an American flag to present to his family at the memorial service, the Navy refused .
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m@V$Q"u(LEventually, Taylor decided to change that. She turned to the Internet, posting a message on a Vietnam veterans' message board looking for sailors who served with her brother on the Cacapon.
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tuPkc/kb'?¼ÄÍмÒÔ°In a stroke of luck, a former member of that crew, Tim Rosaire, had just logged on to the bulletin board for the first time.
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"I instantly knew what it was," he said. "I wrote her back saying, 'Yes, and I may have been one of the last people to see him." "I knew him well enough to know that he wouldn't have stolen the money," said Rosaire, who supplied Taylor with names and some photographs of other crew members.
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EGV9IA`3C.s|Áôѧ|Ç©Ö¤|TOEFL|GRETaylor tracked down the ship's captain, only to learn that he had recently died. But his widow told Taylor her husband had been haunted by Muns' disappearance, suspecting that Muns may have been the victim of foul play.q2`(n6S9m"D
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M_:OhFA|Áôѧ|Ç©Ö¤|TOEFL|GRETaylor combed through the Navy's original reports of the investigation, and found things that didn't add up. "There were people on the ship who were deliberately lying to create a motive for why Andy would have left," she concluded. And while $8,600 was missing, there was $51,000 left the safe. If her brother had stolen the money, why not all of it?Áôѧ,¿¼ÊÔ,TOEFL,GRE,GMAT,IELTS,SAT,VISA,ÎÄÊé,Ç©Ö¤,ÂÛ̳,³ö¹ú,ÉêÇë,ÃÀ¹ú,Ó¢¹ú,Å·ÖÞ,¼ÓÄôó,USA0~_:X#\4jc
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The Muns family wanted the case reopened, but the Navy said substantial new evidence was needed to do so.bbs.gter.net)f        M-~tu"N ]3TT

AcC%_0A)^'aSo in the mid-1990s, Taylor set out to find that evidence. She found the agent who had originally investigated the case for the Naval Investigative Service, Ray McGady. McGady helped Taylor get the attention of Pete Hughes, head of the newly created "cold-case" squad at the Naval Criminal Investigative Service.
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        S&^Qa@"}|Áôѧ|Ç©Ö¤|TOEFL|GREHughes soon agreed that there were a number of questions that remained unanswered. Thirty years later, for the first time, the focus now shifted from a theft to a homicide. Hughes assembled a team of homicide investigators, including a criminal profiler. They studied the statements from 1968 and began reinterviewing crew members.

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Suspicion began to focus on several former crew members, including Michael LeBrun, He had access to the safe and was one of the first to suggest that Muns might have deserted.|Áôѧ|Ç©Ö¤|TOEFL|GRE\        y(j3|(E+_$D9ng
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Eventually, LeBrun's defenses crumbled, and he described in detail how he had strangled Muns. He said that he had stolen the money and that Muns had caught him. LeBrun said he panicked and killed the ensign. Lebrun explained how he dumped the body in one of the ship's huge oil tanks. Muns' body was never found.
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The interview was recorded on videotape. Lebrun was charged with murder. But he pleaded not guilty and is out on bail.Áôѧ,¿¼ÊÔ,TOEFL,GRE,GMAT,IELTS,SAT,VISA,ÎÄÊé,Ç©Ö¤,ÂÛ̳,³ö¹ú,ÉêÇë,ÃÀ¹ú,Ó¢¹ú,Å·ÖÞ,¼ÓÄôó,USA.C0?*Y'~|5ci2~
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A federal judge has agreed, in part, ruling that prosecutors cannot use the videotaped confession because LeBrun's constitutional rights were violated. Without a legal and reliable confession, the government does not have much of a case.
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)j8D6}|M$kxbbs.gter.netBut Taylor said she finally got what she was looking for. 33 years after Muns disappeared aboard the Cacapon, a ceremonial casket covered with an American flag made its way to a gravesite in Arlington National Cemetery. Friends, family and naval criminal investigators came from around the country to watch as Muns was given full honors in recognition of his service to the Navy and his country.

The Century¡¯s Greatest Minds
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Albert Einsteinbbs.gter.netl7X[7L8}-esj

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The scientific touchstones of the modern age¡ª¡ªthe Bomb, space travel, electronics, Quantum physics¡ª¡ªall bear his imprint.|Áôѧ|Ç©Ö¤|TOEFL|GRE^"Gx#}:l1Y1T)w

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4P5xZ1R9j8`Einstein had conjured the whole business, it seemed. He did not invent the ¡°thought experiment¡±, but he raised it to high art. Imagine twins , wearing identical watches; one stays home, while the other rides in a spaceship near the speed of light ¡­ little wonder that from 1919, Einstein was¡ª¡ªand remains today¡ª¡ªthe world¡¯s most famous scientist.
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In his native Germany he became a target for hatred . As a Jew, a liberal, a humanist, an internationalist, he attracted the enmity of rationalist and anti-semites. His was now a powerful voice, widely heard, always attended to , especially after he moved to the U.S. He used it to promote zionism, pacifism, in his secret 1939 letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt, the construction of a uranium bomb.
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Meanwhile, like any demigod, he made bits of legend: that he failed math in school (not true). That he opened a book and found an uncashed $1,500 check he had left as a bookmark (maybe---he was absentminded about everyday affairs).That he was careless about socks, collars, slippers ¡­ that he couldn¡¯t even remember his address: 112 Mercer Street in Princeton, where he finally settled.
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He died there in 1955 And after the rest of Einstein had been cremated, his brain remained, soaking for decades in a jar of formaldehyde belonging to Dr. Thomas Harvey. No one had bothered to dissect the brain of Freud, Stravinsky or Joyce, but in the 1980s, bits of Einsteinian gray matter were making the rounds of certain neurobiologists, who thus learned ¡­ absolutely nothing. It was just a brain¡ª¡ªthe brain that dreamed a plastic fourth dimension, that banished the ether, that released the pins binding us to absolute space and time, that refused to believe God played dice.n#V5b/tM7y
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In embracing Einstein, our century took leave of a prior universe and an erstwhile God. The new versions were not so rigid and deterministic as the Newtonian world. Einstein¡¯s. God was no clockmaker, but the embodiment of reason in nature. This God did not control our actions or even sit in judgment on them. (¡°Einstein, stop telling God what to do,¡± Niels Bohr Finally retorted.) This God seemed rather kindly and absentminded, as a matter of fact . Physics was free, and we too are free, in the Einstein universe which is where we live.
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Einstein¡¯s Theory of Relativity
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"Pu&~px)W(BGY¼ÄÍмÒÔ°Relativity says that light always moves in a straight line through empty space, and always at the same speed in a vacuum, no matter what your observation point. From these simple claims follow bizarre consequence that challenge common sense and our perception of reality.bbs.gter.net5]%QHZ+?'uD-?5kj
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y1y.\i!L$y.zz* A moving clock runs slower than a stationary one from the perspective of a stationary observer.
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8}y8g;^Xk* A moving object appears to shrink in the direction of motion, as seen by a stationary observer
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rt6L&blbbs.gter.netIn general relativity, time is considered a dimension like height, width and depth, creating a four dimensional universe called space-time. Einstein argued that gravity is really a warping of space-time,with the greatest distortions near the most massive objects. Because light travels in a straight line through the contours of space-time, a light beam will curve where space-time curves, this curving was first measured in 1919

The Master of Investment: Warren Buffett
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   For someone who is such an extraordinarily successful investor, Warren Buffett comes off as a pretty ordinary guy. Born and bred in Omaha, Nebraska, for more than 40 years Buffett has lived in the same gray stucco house on Farnam Street that he bought for $31,500. He wears rumpled, nondescript suits, drives his own car, drinks Cherry Coke, and is more likely to be found in a Dairy Queen than a four£­star restaurant.bbs.gter.net7}C#NExT
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But the 68£­year£­old Omaha native has led an extraordinary life. Looking back on his childhood, one can see the budding of a savvy businessman. Warren Edward Buffett was born on August 30, 1930, the middle child of three. His father, Howard Buffett, came from a family of grocers but himself became a stockbroker and later a U. S. congressman."V;AD
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I&t.Ovh|Áôѧ|Ç©Ö¤|TOEFL|GRE Even as a young child, Buffett was pretty serious about making money. He used to go door£­to£­door and sell soda pop. He and a friend used math to develop a system for picking winners in horseracing and started selling their"Stable£­Boy Selections"tip sheets until they were shut down for not having a license. Later, he also worked at his grandfather's grocery store. At the ripe age of 11, Buffett bought his first stock.
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¡¡When his family moved to Washington, D. C. , Buffett became a paperboy for The Washington Post and its rival the Times£­Herald. Buffett ran his five paper routes like an assembly line and even added magazines to round out his product offerings. While still in school, he was making $175 a month, a full£­time wage for many young men.¼ÄÍмÒÔ°$R8m9V!@1YK!t
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When he was 14, Buffett spent $1,200 on 40 acres of farmland in Nebraska and soon began collecting rent from a tenant farmer. He and a friend also made $50 a week by placing pinball machines in barber shops. They called their venture Wilson Coin Operated Machine Co.|Áôѧ|Ç©Ö¤|TOEFL|GRE#{O&~
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Already a successful albeit small£­time businessman, Buffett wasn't keen on going to college but ended up at Wharton at the University of Pennsylvania£­£­his father encouraged him to go. After two years at Wharton, Buffett transferred to his parents'alma mater, the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, for his final year of college. There Buffett took a job with the Lincoln Journal supervising 50 paper boys in six rural counties.|Áôѧ|Ç©Ö¤|TOEFL|GRE.I6D(@
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Buffett applied to Harvard Business School but was turned down in what had to be one of the worst admissions decisions in Harvard history. The outcome ended up profoundly affecting Buffett's life, for he ended up attending Columbia Business School, where he studied under revered mentor Benjamin Graham, the father of securities analysis who provided the foundation for Buffett's investment strategy.
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From the beginning, Buffett made his fortune from investing. He started with all the money he had made from selling pop, delivering papers, and operating pinball machines. Between 1950 and 1956, he grew his $9,800 kitty to $14,000. From there, he organized investment partnerships with his family and friends, and then gradually drew in other investors through word of mouth and very attractive terms.

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EF Buffett's goal was to top the Dow Jones Industrial Average by an average of 10% a year. Over the length of the Buffett partnership between 1957 and 1969, Buffett's investments grew at a compound annual rate of 29.5%, crushing the Dow's return of 7.4% over the same period.bbs.gter.netoXBX)c0p
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Buffett's investment strategy mirrors his lifestyle and overall philosophy. He doesn't collect houses or cars or works of art, and he disdains companies that waste money on such extravagances as limousines, private dining rooms, and high£­priced real estate. He is a creature of habit£­£­same house, same office, same city, same soda£­£­and dislikes change. In his investments, that means holding on to "core holdings"such as American Express, Coca£­Cola, and The Washington Post Co. "forever. "bbs.gter.net-Pmz-^/`/sE[_
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?9j-az$YH¼ÄÍмÒÔ° Buffett's view of inherited money also departs from the norm. Critical of the self£­indulgence of the super£­rich, Buffett thinks of inheritances as"privately funded food stamps"that keep children of the rich from leading normal, independent lives. With his own three kids, he gave them each $10,000 a year£­£­the tax£­deductible limit£­£­at Christmas. When he gave them a loan, they had to sign a written agreement. When his daughter, also named Susie like her mother, needed $20 to park at the airport, he made her write him a check for it.        iKW8k
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6\O%H5[;G&h!sT  As for charity, Buffett's strict standards have made it difficult for him to give much away. He evaluates charities the same way he looks for stocks£ºvalue for money, return on invested capital. He has established the Buffett Foundation, designed to accumulate money and give it away after his and his wife's deaths£­£­though the foundation has given millions to organizations involved with population control, family planning, abortion, and birth control. The argument goes that Buffett can actually give away a greater sum in the end by growing his money while he's still alive.
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Jsym1OGdm!z;a One thing's for sure about Buffett£ºHe 's happy doing what he's doing. "I get to do what I like to do every single day of the year, "he says. "I get to do it with people I like, and I don't have to associate with anybody who causes my stomach to churn. I tap dance to work, and when I get there I think I'm supposed to lie on my back and paint the ceiling. It's tremendous fun." It's fun to watch the master at work, too.