[主题活动] 8月30-31日 issue第8类同主题写作暨argument模考（8月最后一期） [复制链接]

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发表于 2017-8-31 21:59:14 |显示全部楼层

模考

xiulin2015
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发表于 2017-8-31 22:02:17 |显示全部楼层

Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.

Universities should create a more open and flexible environment for students to take courses beyond their major study to enrich their knowledge fields and enhance their life and social skills which might not be nurtured in their own specialized field. However it should not become a compulsory requirement to every student in selecting courses because not every student needs to take courses to reach these requirements. Additionally, universities would also bear pressures in distribution of academic teaching in core units and others.

Students have complicated situations to consider when selecting non-compulsory courses beyond their field of study. If it becomes the policy to apply to every student in having various courses, students would be easily to fall into dilemma and struggle in juggling for the courses priorities. When the flexibility ignored the actual situation, students would also miss their feasible goals to achieve in their original direction especially for students who have solid foundation in the width of knowledge but lack of depth in major study. The guidance would mislead a number of students without considering the different needs of each student.

Universities would be pressured in distribution of manpower in teaching when students flew into the abundant curriculum provided outside the faculty but dropping off from the planned units in the faculty. The disproportional distribution of academic power will influence the effective teaching and learning and finally the academic performance of the students and research capability will be deteriorated. Take the liberal art colleges as an example. This kind of specialized colleges are targeting in nurturing the specialized talents in the fields during the undergraduate study but they have to change their traditions and philosophies and to increase the non-specialized curriculum to feed into the various needs of students. It would be a waste of time and money for them.

In a nutshell, it is not necessary to require every student to choose many courses which are not in the major study. The uniformity in selecting curriculum will increase both students and universities anxieties and pressures on controversial way.

desperado-17
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发表于 2017-8-31 22:07:43 |显示全部楼层

666666666666666666666666666666666

desperado-17
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发表于 2017-8-31 22:10:57 |显示全部楼层

After studying Tertia culture by an interview-centered method, Dr. Karp argued that Dr. Field’s conclusion relating to Tertia obtained through an observation-centered approach is invalid. Thus, some anthropologists recommend that, in order to obtain accurate information, the interview-centered method should be adopted in the future research about Tertia culture. However, a number of questions about the interview process, possible changing of child-rearing practices and the observation-centered approach have to be answered in order to decide if the argument and the recommend are reasonable.

To begin with, in order to evaluate the argument and recommend, we need to know what the questions have been used to interview these children. Maybe the questions using in the interview would lead the children to lead the children to think of or talk about their biological parents more. For example, the children may be asked about what they would like to do with their parents or whether they miss their own parents. Questions like that would let the children say more about their own parents, but it would not mean that they are reared by their biological parents. As a result, Dr. Karp's conclusion would be weakened greatly.

In addition, we need to know whether the child-rearing practices in the island of Tertia have changed over the twenty years. Dr. Field conducted the study in twenty years ago, while the Dr. karp's research is accomplished recently. So, it is possible that the family structures and child-rearing practices in Tertia have changed greatly due to some other factors. For example, maybe some immigrants with distinct lifestyles and culture moved into the island in large number in the past twenty years, and their coming probably changed the local child-rearing practices completely, from the entire village rearing to biological parents rearing. In that case, the argument of Dr. Karp that Dr. Field’s conclusion must be invalid would be weakened.

Finally, we need to know whether the results of other study using an observation-centered approach are valid. It is unreasonable and irrational to evaluate the method just based on single study. More statistic data about observation-centered approach have to collected and analyzed. If the data shows that more than 90% results obtained through an observation-centered approach are effective and valid. Then the argument would be weakened greatly.

In conclusion, we could not decide if the argument is strong unless the questions provided above have been answered.
第一次限时，时间把握不好，后面都没时间写了。这是提前构思好的，还有不到一个月就要考试，感觉不太好啊。。

前意识的斑点
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发表于 2017-8-31 22:29:54 |显示全部楼层

freefm 发表于 2017-8-30 21:57
106. The following appeared in a memo from the Board of Directors of Butler Manufacturing.

During ...

感觉挺好哒~ 感觉结尾段不用写in a word感觉是结尾靠头写哒~~
然后question 还可以有其他的补充，比如政府部分的调查是否合理，感觉总体思路挺清晰哒~~

xiulin2015
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发表于 2017-8-31 22:33:42 |显示全部楼层

The recommendation on shortening each work shift for Butler Manufacturing is based on the comparison with Panoply Industries and the recent government study reports on factors contributing to on-the-job accidents. To help to evaluate the recommendation, we must do investigations on the reasons of accidents and clarify the differences of working conditions between these two factories.

It is not clear how many sleeping hours are recorded for those workers and the reasons behind the accidents in Bulter Manufacturing. What if the involved workers had had sufficient sleep but still had the accident on site? Then the reason might be beyond the quoted significant factors written in the government report. If the investigation on the reasons shows those who are not receiving hands-on training skills are lack of sufficient common sense in appropriate use of machines, Bulter Manufacturing must increase the trainings rather than shortening the hours of work shifts. To clarify what caused the accidents inside is much more important than copying experience from outside.

The working conditions in both factories could be very different and result in different accidents rates. If Bulter Manufacturing had fewer employees than Panoply Industries for the same work load and they were working in more intensified conditions, the accident rates in the former could be much higher than the latter. As such, Bulter might need to consider to employ more workers and improve the working conditions to possibly decrease the frequency of accidents.

To evaluate the recommendations, we must carefully study on the scenarios and seek out the buried roots and critically think on the differences between the two factories.

powerfulbean
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发表于 2017-8-31 22:34:21 |显示全部楼层

看题

xiulin2015
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发表于 2017-8-31 22:42:23 |显示全部楼层

Angelyyy 发表于 2017-8-30 10:52
106.The following appeared in a memo from the Board of Directors of Butler Manufacturing.

Durin ...

問題作為開端的主題句是否合適？
結尾處，提出更多的問題，而不在分段的統領之下，是否合適？

除了這篇模考我是否漏看了你的文章進行互改？麻煩回覆我我再爬樓。

SylviaMengyaya
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发表于 2017-8-31 22:42:50 |显示全部楼层

SylviaMengyaya 发表于 2017-8-31 21:59
模考

According to the memo from the Board of Directors of Butler Manufacturing, it is recommended that Butler Manufacturing should shorten each of its work shifts by one hour as shorter shifts will allow Butler to improve its safety record by ensuring that its employees are adequately rested. Questions about the number of workers, the management of the factories and everyday working mission to evaluate the recommendation.

To begin with, we need to how many workers are there in two manufactories. Although it is reported that on-the-job accidents in Butler is 30 percent more than that in Panoply, the total number of workers need to be known to make a further judgment. If workers in Butler is twice as that in Panoply, even if there are 30 percent more on-the-job accidents in Butler, the average probability of the happening of on-the-job accidents in Butler is smaller than Panoply. Therefore, work in Butler may be safer in Panoply even though there are 30 percent more accidents in the former.

In addition, what are the everyday working load of two manufactories need to be answered to evaluate the recommendation. Although it is reported that fatigue and sleep deprivation among workers are significant contributing factors in many on-the-job accidents, a hour longer shift may not result in workers’ fatigue. The working load may be the main reason. If workers in Butler have much more workers everyday, people will feel more tired at the end of the day, which need more time to recover. If workers can not recover totally the next day, their feeling of fatigue will aggravate therefore leads to more on-the-job accidents.

Furthermore, we need to acquire more information about management of the two factories. If workers are well-organized and can follow the regulations strictly, there will be less possibility for a worker to have a on-the-job accident. On the contrary, there may be more accidents if workers ignore the regulations.

Therefore, the recommendation need to be evaluated to make sure its availability。

bio-L
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发表于 2017-8-31 22:43:17 |显示全部楼层

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MaggieLLLLLL
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发表于 2017-8-31 23:11:20 |显示全部楼层

6. A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.

To improve the efficiency of pre-college education, many educators recommend the nations to require its all students to study the same national curriculum. Generally speaking, the same national curriculums have the advantage of providing the same set of well-designed curriculum efficiently to all students, and ensuring the relative fairness when students use the test results to apply for universities. However, we should also take into account the difference among various regions, especially when those regions in the nation is quite diverse.

Firstly, by offering the same set of national curriculum, the educators could teach the basic knowledge and skills students need to acquire before college more efficiently. The nation could call up their most talented and experienced educators to design the curriculum carefully and sophistically, and then apply to all the regions that may involved to ensure that students could get the proper training and absorb the necessary knowledge to better prepare for college. It is especially helpful to some regions where their education resources are scarce, when educators there could improve their education quality by adopting the materials sent by the central government. Moreover, it could be more conveniently to re-use the curriculum materials if proven to be efficient. What's more, using the same set of curriculum could enable the exchange program among different regions when students could quickly adapt the new environment.

Secondly, same national curriculum ensure the fairness among different regions during college admission. Usually, many nations in the world adopt a unified national examination as one of the most important indicators for college application process, such as SAT in the US. By offering the same set of curriculum across the country, the test makers could have clearly direction of what to test according to the intended outcomes of those curriculum. Another important reference would be the student's GPA, which reflects the academic achievement of the students on the everyday curriculums they take. Therefore, the comparison of GPA between students from different regions would be meaningless if the curriculums they take are not similar.

However, there should be some room left for specialized curriculums given that there are variation among different regions regarding the education resources. Some regions are relatively less well-developed that they don't have enough money and infrastructure to support the implementation of certain curriculum. For example, in some places in Africa or poor areas in mainland China, computers are really rare which make having the computers class there impossible. Also, some other classes like swimming class which requires a swimming pool, football class which requires a soccer court should only be built based resources of the specific region. However, it would be a waste of resources in some well-developed regions to not open these courses for well-rounded development of the students.

To conclude, in general, requiring the same set of national curriculum is beneficial in a sense that it could improve the education efficiency and ensure fairness of college admission process, yet we should have some space for regional curriculum due to the variance of education resources among different regions.

赝姝
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发表于 2017-8-31 23:14:45 |显示全部楼层

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bio-L
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发表于 2017-8-31 23:18:53 |显示全部楼层

本帖最后由 bio-L 于 2017-8-31 23:31 编辑

106) The following appeared in a memo from the Board of Directors of Butler Manufacturing.

During the past year, workers at Butler Manufacturing reported 30 percent more on-the-job accidents than workers at nearby Panoply Industries, where the work shifts are one hour shorter than ours. A recent government study reports that fatigue and sleep deprivation

among workers are significant contributing factors in many on-the-job accidents. Therefore, we recommend that Butler Manufacturing shorten each of its work shifts by one hour. Shorter shifts will allow Butler to improve its safety record by ensuring that its employees are adequately rested.

Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.

The directors of butler manufacturing argues that shorter working shifts are need to decrease the  accidents in the job time, due to other industry working place have shorter shifts and lower rate of accidents , and a report said that fatigue and sleep is related to on-the-job accidents. It seems to make sense, but before agree it,  a number of questions should be asked related to the factors of the lower accident's rate of Panoply Industries in contrasted with Butler Manufacturing and the possibly that shorter shift could ensure a lower accident's rate.

For one thing, building upon the shorter working shift and lower accident's rate of the Panoply, the directors acclaim that the accident's rate is caused by the shorter working shifts. However, we don't know the real condition of the two working place. If the Bulter Manufacturing workers expose at a relatively dangerous condition that  easily cause on-the-job accidents, while Panoply Industries have a more safe working condition?If it is true, then it may be indicated that even Butler Manufacturing have one hour longer shifts, the accidents may still higher than Panoply.  In this condition, the directors recommendation will certainly be undermined.

In addition, we also don't know if there are some other factors that could lead to a lower rate of on- the -job accident of Panoply Industries. For example, if Panoply have workers less than Butler Manufacturing? In fact, the lower rate of accident could easily explained by fewer workers, as lower workers may have lower possibility to get hurt if their working place are relatively comfortable for working--in a crowing working place, the higher rate of accidents prone to occur. So, we cannot say that the lower accident's rate of  panoply Industries is only and directly caused by the shorter shifts, before  the question is asked that no other factors could also lead to such  lower rate.

Moreover, if the shorter working shifts could ensure a adequate rest of the workers in Butler Manufacturing? In fact, we just increase the off-the -job time of the workers, and there are just a more big  possibility that those workers could have a good rest. But, we cannot make sure that then won't use this time to have fun or to do some other things. In this condition, the recommendation also could be undermined strongly.

powerfulbean
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发表于 2017-8-31 23:25:08 |显示全部楼层

To begin with, it is assumed that the reports of accident in the past year can stand for the ratio of workers reporting on-the-job accidents. While it is truly reveal some defects of our Manufacturing, but may it is just last year we have a huge increase of the accidents. May be it is because that we are building the new factory which involved a lot of huge machine, and manipulate this machines is high risky some times. If the ratio of workers reporting accidents just can stand for the past year, we cannot say that the accident reports will keep as much as past year in the future.

In addition, the writer believes that if the Panoply, where the shifts are one hour shorter, have a smaller number of accidents, we should do the same as them. Although shorter shifts are adopted in the Panoply, it does not mean that we will have the same ration of accident reports as them. Maybe they focus on the Finance or IT industry but we are working with big machines which are of high risk. So only imitate what the Panoply to short shifts may be not an efficient solution, because may be we do not focus on the same kind industry which have different risky of reporting accidents.

What is more, according to the government’s report, fatigue and sleep deprivation among workers are significant contributing factors in many on-the-job accidents, which means that if workers are adequately rested, they can better protect themselves. But actually maybe the most important factors is not the fatigue and sleep deprivation, sometimes a lack of safety education has more negative impact on the safety of the workers. So we should make more investigations about the reasons of accidents, but not just relying on the conclusion of a report.

In conclusion, we should do more investigations to find the reasons of the accidents, but not just shorten the shifts. It is because that maybe the situation of Burtley is not as the same as Panoply and the main reason is also not lacking of rest. Plus, only the past years’ data is also not pursuable, we should collect more data about accidents.

Dover999
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发表于 2017-9-1 00:25:44 |显示全部楼层

本帖最后由 Dover999 于 2017-9-1 09:33 编辑

issue 13: Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.

According to the statement, attending some course beside one’s field is considered necessary. However, problems in the reality aren’t so simple. There are many different kinds of universities and their aims of cultivating students are disparate. Here, I roughly classify universities into three kinds, namely, the vocation-oriented universities, the ordinary universities and the research-oriented universities. I will talk about this problem in terms of these three kinds of universities.

To begin with, the vocation-oriented universities shouldn’t think it is a obligation to teach their student some course beyond the students’ field. It’s because their students are usually more apt to solve practical problems than learning the theory in the text books. Moreover, they needn’t to learn more theory knowledge. If the universities arrange too much additional course, the students will be easy to feel tired and lose their interest and these courses occupy some time that should have been spend on the field of study. Once the students spend most of their time on their field, they will arm enough abilities which will make it easy for them to find a good job after graduation. Hence, the vocation-oriented universities should focus on the courses their students should learn in the their fields rather than the course beyond these fields.

Then, students in the ordinary universities will choose different paths in life after graduation, continuing to study further or finding a job. The universities should consider this point when scheme the teaching plan. For example, they maybe consider some basic courses as compulsory requirement for every students and other courses as optional ones. In this way, the universities well balance the interests of both of the two kinds of choices and make sure that the students can freely choose their ways in life. For students who are aspire to pursue advanced studies, attending some courses beyond their fields can help them construct a complete knowledge frames and ready them for further studies. Whereas, the students who want to find a job directly after graduation can choose less courses that beyond their fields. By making such a choice, they can spend more time on the practical trains to prepare for the finding a job. Hence, it’s more important for the ordinary universities to educate their students the career plan initially and aware them whether it’s necessary to take some additional courses.

At the last, research-oriented universities are tend to focus on the fundamental research and the research are usually interdisciplinary. So their students are need study courses beyond their research fields. Taking me for an example, I am major in engineering mechanics and do some fundamental research. The courses such as elastic mechanics, material of mechanics are not enough. In order to consider other effects of factors caused deformation except mechanics, other courses beyond my field are need to attend. For example, I attend the courses of electromagnetism, thermodynamics to figure out the their coupled effects on the deformation.