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[问答] 求问几道GRE阅读36套中的题目 [复制链接]

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发表于 2011-11-5 00:13:21 |显示全部楼层
(一)Exercise2 中第一篇阅读第三题D选项中的“but it fails to explain the diversity of mental experience”是怎么看出来的啊?

原文:By 1950, the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging. Herring suggested that different modes of Line sensation, such as pain, taste, and color, might be correlated with the discharge of specific kinds of nervous energy. However, subsequently developed methods of recording and analyzing nerve potentials failed to reveal any such qualitative diversity. Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved, the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view, namely, that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as ―common currency‖ throughout the nervous system. According to this theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge, and there is some evidence for this view. In one experiment, when an electric stimulus was applied to a given sensory field of the cerebral cortex of a conscious human subject, it produced a sensation of the appropriate modality for that particular locus, that is, a visual sensation from the visual cortex, an auditory sensation from the auditory cortex, and so on. However, cortical locus, in itself, turned out to have little explanatory value.

题目:3. Which of the following best summarizes the author‘s opinion of the suggestion that different areas of the brain determine perceptions produced
by sensory nerve impulses?
(A) It is a plausible explanation, but it has not been completely proved.
(B) It is the best explanation of brain processes currently available.
(C) It is disproved by the fact that the various areas of the brain are physiologically very similar.
(D) There is some evidence to support it, but it fails to explain the diversity of mental experience.
(E) There is experimental evidence that confirms its correctness

(二)还是第二套,第二篇阅读,第五题,我选的是D,为什么不对?

原文:A Marxist sociologist has argued that racism stems from the class struggle that is unique to the capitalist system—that racial prejudice is generated by capitalists Line as a means of controlling workers. His thesis works 5 relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but his definition of racial prejudice as ―racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition,‖ can be interpreted 10 as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe. However, since prejudice against these latter peoples was not inspired by capitalists, he has to reason that such antagonisms were not really based on race. 15 He disposes thusly (albeit unconvincingly) of both the intolerance faced by Jews before the rise of capitalism and the early twentieth-century discrimination against Oriental people in California, which, inconveniently, was instigated by workers.

题目:5. According to the passage, the Marxist sociologist‘s chain of reasoning required him to assert that prejudice toward Oriental people in California was
(A) directed primarily against the Chinese
(B) similar in origin to prejudice against the Jews
(C) understood by Oriental people as ethnic competition
(D) provoked by workers
(E) nonracial in character

(三)  Execise 6中第一篇阅读中第二题,严重不懂……

原文:Some modern anthropologists hold that biological evolution has shaped not only human morphology but also human behavior. The role those anthropologists Line ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of 5 human behavior but one of imposing constraints— ways of feeling, thinking, and acting that ―come natu- rally‖ in archetypal situations in any culture. Our ―frailties‖ –emotions and motives such as rage, fear, greed, gluttony, joy, lust, love—may be a very mixed 10 assortment, but they share at least one immediate quality: we are, as we say, ―in the grip‖ of them. And thus they give us our sense of constraints. Unhappily, some of those frailties—our need for ever-increasing security among them—are presently 15 maladaptive. Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail, they, too, are said to be biological in direction, and therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes. We would need to comprehend thoroughly their adaptive origins in order to understand how badly they 20 guide us now. And we might then begin to resist their pressure.

题目:2. It can be inferred that in his discussion of maladaptive frailties the author assumes that
(A) evolution does not favor the emergence of adaptive characteristics over the emergence of maladaptive ones
(B) any structure or behavior not positively adaptive is regarded as transitory in evolutionary theory
(C) maladaptive characteristics, once fixed, make the emergence of other maladaptive characteristics more likely
(D) the designation of a characteristic as being maladaptive must always remain highly tentative
(E) changes in the total human environment can outpace evolutionary change
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发表于 2011-11-5 00:14:47 |显示全部楼层
自己顶一下,求解答

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发表于 2011-11-5 16:43:29 |显示全部楼层
(一)我也觉得看不出来,我认为跟 diversity of mental experience没关系,这篇文章做几遍都是选a
(二)provoked by workers是Marxist自己提出的,作者对其的评价是unconvincingly。Marxist的逻辑是说,racism stems from the class struggle that is unique to the capitalist system,而其对racial prejudice的定义, can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe,然而这种歧视was not inspired by capitalists,故,依据Marxist自己的定义,必须要求这种歧视不是种族歧视。答案是文中he has to reason that such antagonisms were not really based on race的同义改写。
(三)我也严重不懂!!!

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发表于 2011-11-5 23:35:02 |显示全部楼层
3# yuwenjie1
万分感谢啊!!!!

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发表于 2011-11-6 00:54:23 |显示全部楼层
提示: 作者被禁止或删除 内容自动屏蔽
签名被屏蔽

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发表于 2011-11-8 23:55:13 |显示全部楼层
5# palesaint
谢谢啦,看懂前两个题了,但是第三题还是有点迷糊啊……

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发表于 2012-9-12 20:44:36 |显示全部楼层
palesaint 发表于 2011-11-6 00:54
(一):文章的主题就是在讨论mental experience,请看文章最后一句However, cortical locus, in itself, t ...

弱问一句...请问在不认识cortical 和locus 这两个词的情况下, 怎么判断出来这个就是指之前的areas of brain 呢?谢谢!!

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发表于 2014-5-18 15:41:57 |显示全部楼层
mental experience那个,我看了北美原题后,才发现36套里面改得四不像啊。36套里面的最后一句“However, cortical locus, in itself, turned out to have little explanatory value",在原题中是另外一段的开头,然后否点了之前cortex的观点。原文几个题目都答对的,可是36套里面的就是疑难题,网上流传着各种自我安慰、牵强附会的解答。。。

各种误人子弟的复习材料,真是无语这些山寨的破玩意了!!!

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发表于 2014-7-12 13:25:52 |显示全部楼层
palesaint 发表于 2011-11-6 00:54
(一):文章的主题就是在讨论mental experience,请看文章最后一句However, cortical locus, in itself, t ...

第三题解释的真好!瞬间就明白了,赞

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发表于 2015-8-25 18:14:32 |显示全部楼层
btsb 发表于 2014-5-18 15:41
mental experience那个,我看了北美原题后,才发现36套里面改得四不像啊。36套里面的最后一句“However, co ...

原来是这样!我也是看了解释还是觉得牵强附会,顺便求北美原题出处!

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发表于 2017-5-10 01:35:40 |显示全部楼层
第二题不选provoke by worker是因为问题中的 “assert” 是非常非常肯定 的语境, 而D选项是不确定 which, inconveniently, was instigated by workers

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RE: 求问几道GRE阅读36套中的题目 [修改]
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