[经验思考] ISSUE DIY四部曲（自己动手，高分无忧）－备考建议＋习作一篇 [复制链接]

comorain
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发表于 2009-4-21 19:05:08 |显示全部楼层

本帖最后由 comorain 于 2009-11-28 10:32 编辑

五、谋周全——备考及写作建议

Comorain 原创作品，未经许可，不得转载

本系列已分析过23道Issue题目，列表如下，以备查阅：

例号	题号	题目
1	18	Only by being forced to defend an idea against the doubts and contrasting views of others does one really discover the value of that idea.
2	106	All students should be required to take at least one course in ethics, even if taking the course means a decreased emphasis on academic subjects.
3	17	There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws.
4	83	Government should preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their natural state, even though these areas are often extremely remote and thus accessible to only a few people.
5	130	How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society.
6	87	In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important discoveries.
7	152	The only responsibility of corporate executives, provided they stay within the law, is to make as much money as possible for their companies.
8	11	All nations should help support the development of a global university designed to engage students in the progress of solving the world’s most persistent social problems.
9	48	The study of history places too much emphasis on individual. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten.
10	38	In the age of television, reading books is not as important as it once was. People can learn as much by watching television as they can by reading books.
11	110	When we concern ourselves with the study of history, we become storytellers. Because we can never know the past directly but must construct it by interpreting evidence, exploring history is more of a creative enterprise than it is an objective pursuit. All historians are storytellers.
12	32	A school or college should pay its teachers at the same rate in all disciplines, regardless of differences in salaries for related fields in the world outside of school. For example, entry-level teachers in mathematics and in the arts should receive the same pay, even if outside of school, math specialists earn a much higher salary on average than do specialists in the arts.
13	165	Scandals—whether in politics, academia, or other areas—can be useful. They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could.
14	136	The absence of choice is a circumstance that is very, very rare.
15	199	In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options.
16	138	Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress.
17	135	While most of the environmental problems we face result from the use of technology, society must depend upon technology to find solutions to these problems.
18	27	No one can possibly achieve success in the world by conforming to conventional practices and conventional ways of thinking.
19	41	Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science.
20	7	The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has become a more important form of documentation than written records.
21	50	In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach.
22	51	Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student.
23	153	Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively.

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每个新手都希望能复制前人的成功经验，却忘了自己在备考前的禀赋与前人可能截然不同。换句话说，某人用10天时间采取某速成法取得了作文6分的成绩，但你无法判断这6分得益于速成法，还是由于这人原本英语写作水平就很高。所以在提供备考和写作建议之前，先讲一下我的背景和备考经历，供大家在使用“四部曲”时自行甄别。

2003年至2004学年，我上过一门外教讲授的Academic English Writing的课程，每周都有作业，英文写作水平进步很大。2005年考了一次GRE，但没怎么下功夫，几乎裸考，结果作文拿到4分，Verbal得了一个非常低的分数。在2006年之后两年多的时间里，没接触过英语。
2009年3月份开始准备GRE作文，开始一周觉得Issue题目巨难无比，于是常常怀疑自己，搞不清楚05年的4分是怎么考出来的。后来想明白了，荒废两年后自己的英语水平已经大大退步，写作能力也不可与当年同日而语了。痛定思痛，我决定从头再来，一边通过大量阅读恢复状态，一边制定了“四部曲”的复习方法——想明白、写清楚、改漂亮、记准确。回过头来看，高频前80的题目我都很熟悉，前30的题目我都有自己的思路，其中4篇认真写了并改了。结果考场上幸运地抽到了写过改过的Issue17，虽然有些内容没默写出来，单词也拼错了不少，但习作的精华内容和总体框架都写完整了，我自己也算比较满意了。
总体来说，我在备考前的英语写作基础是：
优势：语法功底不错；了解学术英文写作的要求；表达能力还可以，不限时的情况下能写一篇4分的作文
劣势：词汇量很小（大约相当于4-6级）；思想贫乏，对很多题材不熟悉；写作速度很慢

如果你备考前的背景跟我差不多或者比我强，我相信“Issue DIY四部曲”可以帮助你在GRE作文考试中取得一个更好的分数。开篇就说了，“四部曲”专门为两类人设计，一类是“语言好但没话说”，另一类是“很能写但语言差”。经过一段时间的复习后，大部分同学会成为两类人中的一个。至于有些同学说自己是第三类人——“语言差又没话说”，我想你们需要付出更多的努力，先看完一本高中水平的语法书再来写Issue吧。

下面是我推荐的“Issue DIY四部曲”复习计划（一个月）：

第一周：熟悉题目和要求。先把243道Issue题库过一遍，把意思都搞清楚，分分类；然后看官方的AW Intro、PracticeBook和范文，认真体会ETS对GRE作文的要求；最后将高频前80的题目反复过三遍，每道题都想一想怎么写（不愿意动脑筋的可以找三个网上的高频提纲，看看人家是怎么说的）。

第二周：“想明白”＋“写清楚”。高频前80熟悉了，重点是前30，需要“想明白”，并列出自己的提纲（尽量避免与别人雷同）；然后可以开始写一篇“清晰的”习作。

第三周：“写清楚”＋“改漂亮”。一天一篇高频前30，共计7篇；反复修改所有写过的习作，使其中6篇达到“漂亮”的要求。

第四周：“写清楚”＋“改漂亮”＋“记准确”。前4天再写2篇高频前30，继续修改习作，使剩下的4篇达到“漂亮”的要求。后3天重在归纳、总结和背诵，一是归纳出同一题材的通用段子、通用例子；二是总结出自己的写作套路；三是背诵习作、例子、理由等；四是模考一下写过的习作，找找考试的感觉。考前再将高频前30提纲过三遍。

这样，考前就认真写作并修改了10个高频题目，注意在同一题材的题目写一个就可以了，不要浪费10个名额。反复修改这10个题目后，自己会加深对同一题材题目的理解，并积累了一定的素材。考场上如果抽到这10个题目，当然很好；万一抽不到，你就改写10篇习作中的部分内容，在考卷中套用一下。

有输入才有输出，对于备考时间更长的同学，我的建议是：

1、至少完整地读一本学术英语写作指导书，掌握写作的基本要求。推荐：The Element of Style或On Writing Well—The Classic Guide to WritingNonfiction。

2、每天应该阅读至少一篇充满时代气息的英文文章。推荐：美国各大报纸的专栏评论（http://www.dailyoped.com/）或The Economist。

3、看一本英文非小说读物，对思想贫乏、视野狭窄的同学大有好处。推荐：培根的Essays, Civil and Moral或Levitt和Dubner的Freakonomics。

4、平常注意积累好词佳句，用笔记本记下来，并通过造句熟练掌握。

5、写作能力的提升非一朝一夕之功，需要持之以恒，最好每天都能写点东西。

最后是我的写作建议——“四忌四要”，与大家共勉：

1、忌千篇一律，要独树一帜

2、忌空话连篇，要言之有物

3、忌贪多求快，要宁缺毋滥

4、忌空想光看，要自己动手

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附赠我的习作一篇，见5楼附件。

本系列到此结束，感谢版友们的支持。

Boys and girls, just do it! DO IT YOURSELF!
Good luck!

——Comorain 2009年4月21日于北京

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Issue DIY四部曲系列 by comorain

一、想明白——Issue 思路

https://bbs.gter.net/thread-940385-1-1.html

二、写清楚——Issue 初稿（首段、段落结构、主题句、尾段）

https://bbs.gter.net/thread-941249-1-1.html

三、改漂亮——Issue 自改（语法、用词、句式变化、复杂句、举例、说理）

https://bbs.gter.net/thread-943741-1-1.html

编外：comorain的语法自查要点

https://bbs.gter.net/thread-943740-1-1.html

四、记准确——Issue 背诵＋修改铺＋珍藏资料

https://bbs.gter.net/thread-944004-1-1.html

五、谋周全——Issue 备考及写作建议＋习作一篇

https://bbs.gter.net/thread-944669-1-1.html

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