Argument公开课练习

tesolchinaUID：2191404

练习目的：识别argument里的claim和ground并用自己的话复述（同义转换）

教案（含PDF及音频）  

练习方法：

• 每位同学自选一道本帖内还没有被选过的argument（1-177），并回帖占楼。
• 编辑自己楼层，复制粘贴完整题目。
• 将原文内容按照C和G重新排列。
• 用自己的话复述在题目中找到的Claim和Ground。
• 用一句话概括argument作为开头段第一句。
• 查看自己楼上的练习并编辑自己的楼层在自己的练习前写评语。
  

示范：

抄题

The following appeared on the Mozart School of Music Web site.
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

The Mozart School of Music should be the first choice for parents considering enrolling their child in music lessons. First of all, the Mozart School welcomes youngsters at all ability and age levels; there is no audition to attend the school. Second, the school offers instruction in nearly all musical instruments as well a wide range of styles and genres from classical to rock. Third, the faculty includes some of the most distinguished musicians in the area. Finally, many Mozart graduates have gone on to become well-known and highly paid professional musicians.

将原文内容按照C和G重新排列。

C1: The Mozart School of Music should be the first choice for parents considering enrolling their child in music lessons.
G1: First of all, the Mozart School welcomes youngsters at all ability and age levels; there is no audition to attend the school.
G2: Second, the school offers instruction in nearly all musical instruments as well a wide range of styles and genres from classical to rock.
G3: Third, the faculty includes some of the most distinguished musicians in the area.
G4: Finally, many Mozart graduates have gone on to become well-known and highly paid professional musicians.  

用自己的话复述在题目中找到的Claim和Ground。

C1: It is argued that parents should choose music lessons offered by Mozart School of Music for their children.  
G1: With no audition required for the applicants, the school accommodates students of different abilities and ages.  
G2-G4:略

用一句话概括argument作为开头段第一句

According to this passage, parents interested in sending their children to music lessons should choose Mozart School of Music because of its open admission system, the wide variety of instruments and genres taught, the outstanding faculty featuring distinguished musicians and the successful career paths of some alumni.  

tesolchinaUID：2191404

先占个沙发

12-20 在做一个小范围的试讲   下个月较大范围的做一次  
每位同学占一层楼
先按照Toulmin模型写出C/G 然后对C/G做同意转换 再写出开头段第一句  


接下来 写出assumption作为中间段的主题句  
并已列点的形式计划每个中间段怎么写  

洋葱大叔UID：3429088

题目
14，The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.

"A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night."

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

将原文内容按照C和G重新排列

C:These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night.
G1: A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms.
G2: Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth.

用自己的话复述在题目中找到的Claim和Ground

C: It is suggested by the results that only people who has less than 6 hours sleep time per night should be hired by firm pursuing prosperity.
G1: 300 male and female Menian advertising executives' average number of hours they sleep per night has been rated by a study, and showed that  the amount of sleep need by the executives and the success of their firms had an association.
G2: According to the  study, advertising firms whose executives have less than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and grown faster.

用一句话概括argument作为开头段第一句

According to the article, only people who have less than 6 hours sleep time per night should be hired by firm because of a study, rating 300 male and female Menian advertising executives' average number of hours they sleep per night, showed an  association that advertising firms whose executives have less than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and grown faster.

RickYang2004UID：3412302

题目
Argument 25

The following was written as a part of an application for a small-business loan by a group
of developers in the city of Monroe.
"A jazz music club in Monroe would be a tremendously profitable enterprise. Currently, the nearest jazz club is 65 miles away; thus, the proposed new jazz club in Monroe, the C-Note, would have the local market all to itself. Plus, jazz is extremely popular in Monroe: over 100,000 people attended Monroe's annual jazz festival last summer; several well-known jazz musicians live in Monroe; and the highest-rated radio program in Monroe is 'Jazz Nightly,' which airs every weeknight at 7 P.M. Finally, a nationwide study indicates that the typical jazz fan spends close to $1,000 per year on jazz entertainment."
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

将原文内容按照C和G重新排列
C: A jazz music club in Monroe would be a tremendously profitable enterprise.

G1：the proposed new jazz club in Monroe, the C-Note, would have the local market all to itself.

G2：jazz is extremely popular in Monroe: over 100,000 people attended Monroe's annual jazz festival last summer; several well-known jazz musicians live in Monroe; and the highest-rated radio program in Monroe is 'Jazz Nightly,' which airs every weeknight at 7 P.M.

G3: Finally, a nationwide study indicates that the typical jazz fan spends close to $1,000 per year on jazz entertainment.

用自己的话复述在题目中找到的Claim和Ground
C: Establishing a jazz music club in Monroe will gain a enormous benefits from it.

G1: founding a new jazz music club will occupy the entire market of jazz music in the city and bring great fortune.

A(G1,C): There are no jazz music club in Monroe around 65 miles range.

G2: Jazz music is much popular in Monroe.

A(G2,C): 1. Last summer, a splendid jazz music festival holding in the city;
       2. some famous jazz musicians living in there;
       3. with the highest-rated radio program- Jazz Nightly –in the city.

G3:  Monroe has a tremendous market of jazz music.

A(G3,C): a national survey that an normal Jazz fan expenses almost $1000 every year has been carried on.


用一句话概括argument作为开头段第一句

In this argument, the arguer advocates that people who establish a jazz club in Monroe will gain huge benefits from it.

没有辣椒不能活的粑粑草UID：3653121

用自己的话复述在题目中找到的Claim和Ground
C: Establishing a jazz music club in Monroe will gain a enormous benefits (首先a放在enormous前面就不对，后面benefit 用的又是复数) from it.

G1: founding a new jazz music club will occupy the entire market of jazz music in the city and bring great fortune.

A(G1,C): There are no jazz music club （are…club?感觉单复数出的问题挺多的） in Monroe around 65 miles range.

G2: Jazz music is much popular in Monroe. (我觉得much用的不恰当)

A(G2,C): 1. Last summer, a splendid jazz music festival holding in the city;
       2. some famous jazz musicians living in there;
       3. with the highest-rated radio program- Jazz Nightly –in the city.(我个人觉得这些并不是assumption, 而是Jazz is popular的ground)

G3:  Monroe has a tremendous market of jazz music.

A(G3,C): a national survey that an normal （a normal） Jazz fan expenses almost $1000 every year has been carried on.(carry out)
（这个和G1有些重复了吧）


用一句话概括argument作为开头段第一句

In this argument, the arguer advocates that people who establish a jazz club in Monroe will gain huge benefits from it.

====================================================

4) The following appeared in a letter from a homeowner to a friend.

Of the two leading real estate firms in our town—Adams Realty and Fitch Realty—Adams Realty is clearly superior. Adams has 40 real estate agents; in contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time. Moreover, Adams' revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch and included home sales that averaged $168,000, compared to Fitch's $144,000. Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well: ten years ago I listed my home with Fitch, and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month. Thus, if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams Realty.

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

C: if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams Realty.
G1: Adams has 40 real estate agents; in contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time.
G2: Moreover, Adams' revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch and included home sales that averaged $168,000, compared to Fitch's $144,000.
G3: Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well: ten years ago I listed my home with Fitch, and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month.

用自己的话复述：
C： In order to sell the home fast and profitably, the friend should choose Adams instead of Fitch.

G1: Adams has more full-time real estate agents
G2: Adams could sell houses at a higher price
G3：Houses could be sold quicker by Adams based on the homeowner’s own experience.

A1: More full-time agents could sell the house quicker and have higher profits
A2: A company could do the job better if they could sell more houses at a higher average price
A3: Only two ten-year-ago transactions could show the capability of the two agents.

开头：According to the homeowner, his friend should sell house through AR because the company has more full-time agents, higher average sales price and the ability to sell quickly.

============修改===========
文章的claim 不止一个，每个claim有对应的ground 和assumption, 中间段落可以针对每一个claim进行攻击。冒号前的句子可能就是claim, 后面是ground. 不一定没有ground 就不是 claim. 找Assumption的时候需要把ground和claim对应起来。

重新找claim and ground：
C1： Of the two leading real estate firms in our town—Adams Realty and Fitch Realty—Adams Realty is clearly superior.
G1: Adams has 40 real estate agents; in contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time.
G2: Moreover, Adams' revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch and included home sales that averaged $168,000, compared to Fitch's $144,000.

C2: Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well
G3: ten years ago I listed my home with Fitch, and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month.

C3: Thus, if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams Realty.

A1（G1，C1）: Realty with more full-time agents will be more efficient and treat the customers more devotedly
A2 (G2,C1): Average higher selling prices could suggest success of the later individual transaction.
A3 (G3, C2) The real estate market hasn’t changed in ten years; two transactions between long time interval could prove Adams’ capability.

     According to the homeowner, his friend should sell house through Adams Realty since they have more full-time agents, higher average selling price and the ability to sell quickly. In order to assess this suggestion, we need to consider whether the assumptions are reasonable.

     To begin with, the homeowner assumes that realty with more full-time agents is more efficient and clearly better.
-        The number of employees doesn’t suggest high efficiency and high quality of work.
-        Agents in smaller company may be more devoted to each transaction.

     Second, it is assumed that higher average selling price of only one year guarantees the success of a future individual transaction.
-        One year’s data is not enough. Maybe Fitch’s average selling price is higher than Adams in most other years.
-        It is likely Adams has sold a house with a much higher price thus boosted the average selling price, but other records are not satisfactory.
-        The friend’s house is not attractive enough to be sell at a good price

     Third, the homeowner indicates Adams could sell a house quicker based on two transactions, which has a ten-year interval.
-        In ten years, the changing economic conditions could lead to different desirability to properties.
-        Two transactions are not enough to make a general claim; we need to check the records of individual agents and different types of houses.

木婴UID：3589207

25. The following was written as a part of an application for a small-business loan by a group of developers in the city of Monroe.
"A jazz music club in Monroe would be a tremendously profitable enterprise. Currently, the nearest jazz club is 65 miles away; thus, the proposed new jazz club in Monroe, the C-Note, would have the local market all to itself. Plus, jazz is extremely popular in Monroe: over 100,000 people attended Monroe's annual jazz festival last summer; several well-known jazz musicians live in Monroe; and the highest-rated radio program in Monroe is 'Jazz Nightly,' which airs every weeknight at 7 P.M. Finally, a nationwide study indicates that the typical jazz fan spends close to $1,000 per year on jazz entertainment."

原文CG：
C1：A jazz music club in Monroe would be a tremendously profitable enterprise。
G1(1)：Currently, the nearest jazz club is 65 miles away; thus, the proposed new jazz club in Monroe, the C-Note, would have the local market all to itself.
G1(2)：Plus, jazz is extremely popular in Monroe.
G1(3)：Finally, a nationwide study indicates that the typical jazz fan spends close to $1,000 per year on jazz entertainment.
C2：jazz is extremely popular in Monroe
G2(1): over 100,000 people attended Monroe's annual jazz festival last summer;
G2(2): several well-known jazz musicians live in Monroe;
G2(3): the highest-rated radio program in Monroe is 'Jazz Nightly,' which airs every weeknight at 7 P.M.
(C2 = G1(2))
C3:  the C-Note, would have the local market all to itself.
G3(1):  the nearest jazz club is 65 miles away;
(C3 = G1(1))
同意转换：
C1：A jazz music club, called C-Note, will bring a great profitable in Monroe
G1(1): C-Note could be the only one club without any competition
         
G1(2): a lot of people like jazz in Monroe.
       
G1(3):jazz fans a very generous on jazz entertainment in nationwide
        A1: Nationwide is meaningful in the Monroe wide
        A2: the exact jazz entertainment. Jazz music club may be a little part in jazz entertainment

C2: a lot of people like jazz in Monroe.
G2(1): annual jazz festival attracted many people to attend in Monroe last summer
        A1: every year, people like to attend this festival
        A2: it is cannot represent that people like going to the club.
G2(2): some famous jazz musicians live in Monroe
        A1: Monroe is a livable place rather than people like jazz.
        A2: famous jazz musicians may do not like jazz club
G2(3): Most people like listening “Jazz Nightly” every weeknight at 7 p.M. in Monroe.
A1:it is also cannot represent that people like going to the club.
A2: people like “jazz Nightly”, because they do not have any other choice without listening this radio program
(C2 = G1(2))
C3: C-Note do not have any competition
G3(1): the nearest club is 65 miles away
      A1:the people is difficult to the nearest club
      A2:C-Note have more attraction
开头第一句：
This application thinks that a jazz music club, called C-Note, will bring a great profitable in Monroe, because it lacks of competition, jazz music attraction may people  in Monroe and typical jazz fans being  generous to this entertainment.

吃大白菜的小白兔UID：3637215

1.Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously  only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a "Palean" basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found.Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

1、将原文内容按照C和G重新排列如下：

Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea (G1)and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people(C1). Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a "Palean" basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea.(G3) The Brim River is very deep and broad(G2), and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat(C2), and no Palean boats have been found(G4).Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean(C3)

(C1) therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people
(G1)Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea

(C2)so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat
(G2)The Brim River is very deep and broad

(C3)Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean
(G3) Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a "Palean" basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea.
(G4)no Palean boats have been found

2、用自己的话复述在题目中找到的Claim和Ground如下：
(C1) It is argued that the so called Palean baskets believed to have been made only by the Palean people
(G1) cause the woven baskets which have a particular distinctive pattern previously only been found near by the prehistoric village of Palea   

(C2) According to the author’s implication boating is the only one way for the ancient Paleans cross the Brim River
(G2)nowadays we see the Brim River is very deep and broad

(C3)The author concluded that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely belong to Paleans
(G3) Recently archaeologists have found the same "Palean" basket in Lithos where an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea
(G4)Cause there is no Palean boats have been found yet


3、用一句话概括argument作为开头段第一句如下：
In this argument, the author advocates that the so-called Palean baskets used to be considered only belong to the Paleans are not uniquely belong to them, cause archaeologists recently have found the same "Palean" basket in Lithos and there is a broad and wide river between Palean to Lithos, people cannot cross it without boat, but there is no boat having been found yet.

4、自己想的assumptions:
(C1) It is argued that the so called Palean baskets believed to have been made only by the Palean people
(G1) cause the woven baskets which have a particular distinctive pattern previously only been found near by the prehistoric village of Palean   
A(G1,C1) the baskets are only found near by Palean, so it must belongs to Palean
        • maybe there are some causes for the baskets from other place move to the Palean nearby and the researchers confuse the origin of the baskets, such as some storm or rainfall lead to the baskets’ movement

(C2) According to the author’s implication boating is the only one way for the ancient Paleans cross the Brim River
(G2)nowadays we see the Brim River is very deep and broad
A(G2,C2) the Brim River used to be is as deep and board as it now; the author have excluded other alternatives for crossing the river.
        • maybe some geology features have changed with time goes by and the river used to be  shallow and narrow, eg. Land subsidence, runoff change
        • other way to cross the river, like floating bridge、bamboo raft,
      
(C3)The author concluded that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely belong to Paleans
(G3) Recently archaeologists have found the same "Palean" basket in Lithos where an ancient village across the Brim River from Palean
(G4)Cause there is no Palean boats have been found yet
A(G3,G4，C3) the archaeologists also find the baskets in Lthos, so the baskets are not unique belong to Palean; no boat have been found, thus people cannot cross the river and the baskets cannot spread to Lithos , it was Lithos make the baskets themselves, so the baskets’ ownership do not only belongs to Palean.
     • people migration, culture communication,maybe the cause for why Lithos have baskets
     • maybe there are boats but we have not found yet and maybe them have disappeared in the history changes

tesolchinaUID：2191404

没有辣椒不能活的粑粑草 发表于 2015-12-20 11:20
用自己的话复述在题目中找到的Claim和Ground
C: Establishing a jazz music club in Monroe will gain a e ...

C1: Of the two leading real estate firms in our town - Adams Realty and Fitch Realty - Adams Realty is clearly superior.  
G1: Adams has 40 real estate agents; in contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time.  
G2: Moreover, Adams' revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch and included home sales that averaged $168,000, compared to Fitch's $144,000.
C2: Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well:
G3ten years ago I listed my home with Fitch, and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one mont
C3: Thus, if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams Realty.


A1 (G1, C1) more full-time staff would entail better efficiency
A2 (G2, C1) revenue and average prices in the past can be used to predict the success of individual transaction in the future
A3 (G3, C2, C3) the particular case of selling faster can be used to support a general claim  (individual cases could be used to make a general claim; things do not change over time)   

对比自己的总结一下 然后把开头段和中间段的提纲写出来

tesolchinaUID：2191404

没有辣椒不能活的粑粑草 发表于 2015-12-20 11:20
用自己的话复述在题目中找到的Claim和Ground
C: Establishing a jazz music club in Monroe will gain a e ...

我还是做一个视频 算是练口语吧

没有辣椒不能活的粑粑草UID：3653121

tesolchina 发表于 2015-12-20 14:37
C1: Of the two leading real estate firms in our town - Adams Realty and Fitch Realty - Adams Realt ...

老师您好，我对比您的回复对我的提纲进行了修改。另外请问一下现在可以看到您录制的视频吗？