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关于这个题目的理解问题,我认为ets并不要求有专业知识,考虑到参加gre考试的学生大部分来自非英美国家,法律体系会有差异,ets只是要求对这个题目有最本质的理解,也就是法律要不要变!这是我个人的看法了,大家继续讨论,:)
174 "Laws should not be rigid or fixed. Instead, they should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places."
简要中文提纲:
1. 部分同意。虽然Laws应保持一定程度的相对稳定,但是其应当顺应不同条件,以适应社会需求的变化
2. 历史上,laws随着深刻的社会变革而发展的(美国宪法和黑人权利)
3. 现代,一些领域的重大事件常导致重大社会变革,也导致laws发展完善(政治/经济领域)
4. However, laws应保证相对的一致性与稳定以服务于国家和普通大众的利益
5. 结论
Laws, generally founded by legislatures or courtslaw好像不是由法庭court确立的,只是legislature吧, are employed to govern a society and to regulate the behavior of its members. Should laws be fixed or be flexible? As far as I am concerned, laws should maintain a relative stable state in principle to some extent, however, they should be compliant to various circumstances in order to meet the changing requirements of society.
Throughout the history, laws are developed accompanied with profound social changes. Consider, for example, the U.S. Constitution, which is usually regarded as the model constitution for numerous political regimes around the world, yet is not fixed or rigid since it was drafted in 1787. With the process of the democratization, people became to aware became aware , aware is adj.of their rights as the host of the country, thus in 1791 ten amendments were added to the Constitutions to ensure human rights. Until now, more than twenty-seven amendments were complemented, which is much more than 3 times words of the initial Constitution. For another example, in the 1940's and 1950's, with the effects of industrialization, the need for black labor was emerged, and along with the maturation of black education, more blacks became acute sensitive and were enraged about their old inferiority. Finally, with the civil rights movement, laws that entitled the equal rights to the blacks with the whites were enacted. Therefore, sparkling history inform us that laws should not be rigid in order to be compatible with society development and to better serve for the society.
缺少分析为什么需要flexible法律,当法律适应社会发展时带来了怎样的好处,虽然说这样的分析也就一两句话,但是却是点睛之笔
On the modern era, some vital events in other realms often brought about crisis and essential social changes, which may cause laws to be completed and developed as well. In political sphere, for instance, the Congress strengthened or enacted several pieces of legislation, such as the Freedom of Information Act in 1966 and the War Power Act in 1973, to curb President's abuses of "executive privilege" in the shock of Nixon's resignation. In business world, the bankruptcy of Enron is a good case in this point. Enron's excessive fraud in its accounting, tax and stock have propelled legislators not only to reconsider the relaxed regulatory climate and take actions to investigate and punish violations in those areas, but also to begin to reform the rules and laws in accounting and in other relevant realms. :),例子的确很漂亮So, consider, if there were no flexibility of laws, the politician arbitrarily abused their unlimited power, businessman might continue to fraud unscrupulously, investors might also speculate unruly, then how chaotic a society would be! 最后这句话很重要,你写得也很漂亮
总觉得body 1和2界限不是很清楚,其实都是涉及到法律随着社会变化,只不过body2强调了crisis的作用
However, it is necessary to keep relative stability of laws within a period of time to any society. Here "relative stability" does not mean fixed or stationary, but maintain a consistency in the principle of laws, which is to sever for the common interest of the state and most of its people as well.这个从句不太明白,或者是你的表达有问题,即使你后面写到obligation,也不同于common interest Because only in the guideline of the principle of laws, people can clearly know their obligations, predict the consequence of their behaviors, and thus win a sense of security. If there was no such general principle to guide laws, and laws were modified or altered with the event of any new circumstances, people would be confused and distrust laws and legal system, which would eventually lead to disorder and anarchy in the end.
In conclusion, laws are born and existed only in a certain societal environment, and as society evolves, laws also need to be advanced. Without the flexibility of laws, it will not be compatible with the developing demands of the society, which would lead to chaotic and disorder. Meanwhile, to preserve a relative steady society, laws also need to be in consistent in the principle of serving the common interests of the people so as to ensure that people possess a sense of security.
结尾不错。
我在想这个题目也可以conditioning一下,比如一个body写法律应该随着时间变化,一个写法律应该随着place变化,再加上一个让步段。这种思路也不错。
另外,你的例子很多很丰富,但是别忘了分析,来服务于你的论点。
语言是没什么大问题的,还比较流畅。
加油! |
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