对GRE阅读支持题题型的一点小小体会
本帖最后由 vanstark 于 2009-4-19 18:32 编辑首先来看这道想必大家已经做烂的题目：
Traditionally, pollination by wind has been viewed as a reproductive process marked by random events in which the vagaries of the wind are compensated for by the generation of vast quantities of pollen, so that the ultimate production of new seeds is assured at the expense of producing much more pollen than is actually used.
27.
Which of the following, if known, is likely to have been the kind of evidence used to support the view described in the first paragraph?
(A) Wind speeds need not be very low for wind-pollinated plants to fail to release pollen.
(B) The female reproductive organs of plants often have a sticky surface that allows them to trap airborne pollen systematically.
(C) Grasses, as well as conifers, generate specific aerodynamic environments within the immediate vicinity of their reproductive organs.
(D) Rain showers often wash airborne pollen out of the air before it ever reaches an appropriate plant.（D）
(E) The density and size of an airborne题 pollen grain are of equal importance in determining whether that grain will be captured by a plant.
好了，现在来谈谈我对这道题的小小看法：
下图是本人寒假在北京新东方TR905所记录的翟少成老师对此题的讲解(黄皮书146页)，参照网络上有关JACK的笔记（P22 61 逻辑题，支持题<—具体事例法，此题正确选项为D 62 randomevents（文）—> 具体的rain showers（题））http://fmn027.xnimg.cn/fmn027/20090418/0800/b_7731i241023.jpg
如果没错的话，JACK将rain showers 作为和radom event的一种，然后便选了此题。
一开始，我对此种以寻找原因作为寻找支持题正确选项的方法乐此不疲。
但是做到黄皮书P130第九题（如下），却发生了错误！本人选的是A!
The first supposes that the Sun’s internal motions (caused by rotation and convection) interact with its large-scale magnetic field to produce a dynamo, a device in which mechanical energy is converted into the energy of a magnetic field. In short, the Sun’s large-scale magnetic field is taken to be self-sustaining, so that the solar-activity cycle it drives would be maintained with little overall change for perhaps billions of years.
It can be inferred from the passage that the argument in favor of the model described in lines 37-45 would be strengthened if which of the following were found to be true?
(A) Episodes of intense volcanic eruptions in the distant past occurred in cycles having very long periodicities.
(B) At the present time the global level of thunderstorm activity increases and decreases in cycles with periodicities of approximately 11 years.
(C) In the distant past cyclical climatic changes had periodicities of longer than 200 years.
(D) In the last century the length of the sunspot cycle has been known to vary by as much as 2 years from its average periodicity of 11 years.（E）
(E) Hundreds of millions of years ago, solar-activity cycles displayed the same periodicities as do present-day solar-activity cycles.
我按照JACK的寻找原因的方法，把volcanic eruptions 作为Earth's internal motions 的一种恰好和Sun’s internal motions 对应，明显的这次依然定位于论证部分（前部），当我正高兴之时，答案是E。这里说明一下，JACK所说的不能出现新细节的判断答案的方法不能适用于此类题型，因为支持题本身就不可以出现原文出现过的细节。
那么为什么会错呢？解决支持题的方法究竟是什么？
结果我分别在王昆嵩和王鹏的老版网络课堂中，找到了第一题的相关解释：
http://fmn028.xnimg.cn/fmn028/20090418/0845/b_8246c241023.jpg
http://fmn028.xnimg.cn/fmn028/20090418/0850/b_8454f241023.jpg
王昆嵩蜻蜓点水，只说明是具体事例法。
王鹏说的比较具体“事例可以support现象、结论、差异中的任何一项”（明显比JACK的方法更全面）。可是，在考场上不可能一一寻找对应于现象、结论、差异的答案！
参考https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=187562&extra=page%3D1%26amp%3Bfilter%3Dtype%26amp%3Btypeid%3D113
有关逆向寻找解题思路的方法后发现：两道题的答案都对应于句子的后半部，即结论部分。出乎意料的是两道题都和谐般的出现的so that!!!!ETS明显是想考察对结论句的理解，这和JACK对出题点判断的论述不谋而合！
这样: 1.(D) Rain showers often wash airborne pollen out of the air before it ever reaches an appropriate plant. [so that the ultimate production of new seeds is assured at the expense of producing much more pollen than is actually used] 中 wash out…before it reach …在含义上对应producing much more pollen
2.(E) Hundreds of millions of years ago, solar-activity cycles displayed the same periodicities as do present-day solar-activity cycles.[so that the solar-activity cycle it drives would be maintained with little overall change for perhaps billions of years]
Hundreds of millions of years 对应于 billions of years； displayed the same 对应于maintained with little overall change
根据区区两道小题的对比，笔者作出对支持题解法的初步判断：定位于结论句，寻找对应于结论的事例作为选项答案。^-^这是TS！ 嘿嘿
其实道理不难理解,拿勾股定理来说，有N种证明方法，而最终要证明的东西直指a2+b2=c2 ！！！ 如果GRE阅读中出现了有关勾股定理的证明的文章，并且出现了支持题，给出五个选项，问道下列选项中那个可以support/strengthen勾股定理？你说我是选择有关勾股定理的证明条件、证明过程、还是证明了勾股定理结论的选项？ 很显然选择符合a2+b2=c2 结论的选项！
写到这里，差不多可以结束了，当然写得很肤浅的说，证据也非常有限。我会进一步思考阅读题的的解题思路特别是支持题的解题方法，非常感谢老翟醍醐灌顶的指导！感谢雅姐、狒狒、小孔等G友的支持与鼓励！
vanstark 09.4.18 谢谢分享 ^^ 大家可以给个评价吗？谢谢 引用：这里说明一下，JACK所说的不能出现新细节的判断答案的方法不能适用于此类题型，因为支持题本身就不可以出现原文出现过的细节。
我觉得：这种题是一种具体化的细节，正确答案很容易出现文中没有细节。
对于没有出现新词的选项我们也要留意，看会不会有什么决定性的约束条件被漏了。
引用：笔者作出对支持题解法的初步判断：定位于结论句，寻找对应于结论的事例作为选项答案。^-^这是TS！ 嘿嘿 。
其实道理不难理解,拿勾股定理来说，有N种证明方法，而最终要证明的东西直指a2+b2=c2 ！！！ 如果GRE阅读中出现了有关勾股定理的证明的文章，并且出现了支持题，给出五个选项，问道下列选项中那个可以support/strengthen勾股定理？你说我是选择有关勾股定理的证明条件、证明过程、还是证明了勾股定理结论的选项？ 很显然选择符合a2+b2=c2 结论的选项！
我觉得：因为是要证明观点结论，必然是。。
引用：王鹏说的比较具体“事例可以support现象、结论、差异中的任何一项”（明显比JACK的方法更全面）。可是，在考场上不可能一一寻找对应于现象、结论、差异的答案！
同意王鹏老师的角度，就是答案角度不唯一，他的说法与你的是不冲突的，要证明结论，可以从三个方面具体化。不过我不太明白他为什么总结成那几个方面，从这两道题来看，事例可以support原因，论据，结论中的任何一项据我总结。
关键是理解因果关系吧。理解了，不管从哪方面来支持，其它选项都容易排除的。。。MS我经常用排除法。。。是挺费时间的。。 嗯 很好，很精辟 wuziqing1498 发表于 2009-4-28 13:24 static/image/common/back.gif
引用：这里说明一下，JACK所说的不能出现新细节的判断答案的方法不能适用于此类题型，因为支持题本身就不可 ...
赞同，用因果关系法吧，任何事物都有因果关系，找到哪个逻辑层面上断层了，就可以support或者是undermine 了，当然我说的是新gre时代，前辈们都是考老GRE，所以可能不赞同我的观点吧。。。。
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