寄托家园留学论坛
标题: [1006G]专项答疑活动----阅读答疑贴 [打印本页]
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-15 12:30:21 标题: [1006G]专项答疑活动----阅读答疑贴
本帖最后由 tracywlz 于 2010-4-16 21:04 编辑
由于本人最近事情太多。再加上1010G备考组开始了，所以决定停了这个阅读答疑贴，请各位见谅。加油~
本帖为GRE Verbal阅读部分的答疑贴，有任何关于阅读题目的疑问请回帖，谢谢。
格式为：原文序号（非模考题请参照2772，模考题见下贴），全文内容，提干，和所需解答的问题。
真题下载链接为：GRE真题汇总寄托天下版1.0（含NO题及更新至0910G国内题）
2772：GRE GMAT LSAT全部2772阅读真题[attach]140693[/attach]
你想得到怎样的解答和回复取决于怎么提问，所以请最好不要直接说这道题我不懂，说清楚到底哪里不懂。谢谢。
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-15 12:30:42 标题: NO题答疑汇总
本帖最后由 tracywlz 于 2010-4-5 00:54 编辑
NO 2-3 A.2 28-31 楼
NO 4-1 1.2 36-38 楼
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-15 12:30:49 标题: 国内题（90-94）答疑汇总
本帖最后由 tracywlz 于 2010-4-5 00:55 编辑
9004L40/47/49楼
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-15 12:30:56 标题: 模考题(95-09)答疑汇总
本帖最后由 tracywlz 于 2010-3-15 12:36 编辑
占楼
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-15 12:31:10 标题: 其它题汇总
本帖最后由 tracywlz 于 2010-3-15 12:36 编辑
占楼 后面可以提问了。
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-16 22:12:01
大家都没问题么？
作者: fly-2011 时间: 2010-3-16 22:17:19
先谢谢版主，就是想找真题答案和解析怎么找呢，我现在只是找到了题；
还有阅读一遍确实看不懂，每次做题再回到原文慢慢找，蒙答案，这种状态是不是很不好，怎么解决呢
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-16 23:00:04
答案精华区都有下的啊，然后精析什么也有以前一些版主和版友做的，都在精华区。
阅读是要反复看的，第一次看不懂，第二次再看么。做完题很重要的一点是分析，不仅要题目还要文章。加油~
作者: justbegun 时间: 2010-3-17 22:23:07
水水。。。> <
今天做了几篇阅读。。。
然后。。。为什么偶碰到什么作者、文章suggest的题都错呢。> <
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-17 23:00:48
这个问题好难回答。。等我明天来电继续回答~加油咯
作者: lghscu 时间: 2010-3-18 08:48:09
水水。。。> <
今天做了几篇阅读。。。
然后。。。为什么偶碰到什么作者、文章suggest的题都错呢。>
justbegun 发表于 2010-3-17 22:23 
说明没有读懂全文意思
分阶段式训练
在No阅读初期部分阅读坚持重复读，读懂为止
作者: justbegun 时间: 2010-3-18 22:52:14
thanks~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-18 22:59:17
水水。。。> <
今天做了几篇阅读。。。
然后。。。为什么偶碰到什么作者、文章suggest的题都错呢。>
justbegun 发表于 2010-3-17 22:23
把你做错的题放到一起看一下，然后自己想想为什么会错，当时是怎么选的。如果想不清楚，就发上来让大家帮忙~
这种题很重要的一点是题感，就是对题目的一种感觉，是建立在大量做题同时仔细分析及思考的基础上的。
加油~
作者: 寂寞公路 时间: 2010-3-19 09:35:03
发现自己标记做的不好，现在就是能发现一些关系连词，although，but之类的。但是考到一些细节的地方就找不到了。
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-19 13:02:57
发现自己标记做的不好，现在就是能发现一些关系连词，although，but之类的。但是考到一些细节的地方就找不到了。
寂寞公路 发表于 2010-3-19 09:35
这个还是要多看，如果把具体题目发上来，我觉得会更好解答一些~
加油~
作者: a08805436 时间: 2010-3-19 14:38:11
第一遍做的时候发现错好多 请问楼主有没有阅读讲解一类的下载啊~~？？
万分感谢~！！！:)
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-19 14:41:59
精华区有下载。
因为都是一些版主版友自己做的，所以不能保证百分之百的正确，有什么问题还是建议发到这个帖子里来提问。
很多问题都类似，如果觉得太多，就发比较有代表性的就好了。
作者: 林小乔 时间: 2010-3-20 01:21:00
赞水水。
作者: VERONICA.C 时间: 2010-3-21 21:48:29
有问题~~~~今天做了那个黄皮书的EXECRISE 15 关于heat pump的文章，很想不通最后一题the author regards的那个，版主给讲讲吧~~~谢谢啦~
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-21 22:38:06
额，。我米有黄皮在身边，你能否发原题？首页有下载~
作者: VERONICA.C 时间: 2010-3-21 23:36:35
23. The author regards the notion that heat pumps have a genuine drawback as a
(A) cause for regret
(B) sign of premature defeatism
(C) welcome challenge
(D) case of sloppy thinking
(E) focus for an educational campaign
作者: VERONICA.C 时间: 2010-3-21 23:37:27
NO.6-3 section A
作者: VERONICA.C 时间: 2010-3-21 23:38:39
黄皮的答案是A，这是为什么呀= =|||
我怎么看不出来，求教，求教~呜呜~
作者: VERONICA.C 时间: 2010-3-22 01:07:40
呃~找到解释了~unfortunately,there is one real problem……
想通了，就是当时做的时候怎么都觉得不至于是regret呀……诶~
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-22 22:55:20
恩，感情词很重要。建议有空专门针对下感情色彩词总结什么的。加油~
作者: dkflame 时间: 2010-3-23 16:32:13
NO题和黄皮书顺序太不一样了，我找了半天我要找的那篇文章找不到~可不可以指明黄皮书多少页的题目问啊？我找了好久。。。
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-23 22:57:20
可以的。其实你可以直接下载了我放在首页的，然后点ctrl+F搜索关键字。
不过考虑到大家也没什么时间弄，直接说题号也Ok。但是要说明自己哪里不懂。
作者: justbegun 时间: 2010-3-24 22:37:46
NO 2-3 A、2
The black experience, one might automatically assume, is known to every Black author. Henry James was pondering a similar assumption when he said: “You were to suffer your fate. That was not necessarily to know it.” This disparity between an experience and knowledge of that experience is the longest bridge an artist must cross. Don L. Lee, in his picture of the Black poet, “studying his own poetry and the poetry of other Black poets,” touches on the crucial point. In order to transform his own sufferings—or joys—as a Black person into usable knowledge for his readers, the author must first order his experiences in his mind. Only then can he create feelingly and coherently the combination of fact and meaning that Black audiences require for the reexploration of their lives. A cultural community of Black authors studying one another’s best works systematically would represent a dynamic interchange of the spirit—corrective and instructive and increasingly beautiful in its recorded expression.
26. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would be LEAST likely to approve of which of the following?
(A) Courses that promote cultural awareness through the study of contemporary art
(B) The development of creative writing courses that encourage mutual criticism of student work
(C) Growing interest in extemporaneous writing that records experiences as they occur
(D) A shift in interest from abstract philosophical poetry to concrete autobiographical poetry
(E) Workshops and newsletters designed to promote dialogues between poets
做的时候感觉全都是对的。。。
有点无从下手
然后 一开始看到C中有experiences 就认为可以从文中得出
但是答案就是C 所以有点点疑惑了。。。
是不是应该从文中最后一句来判断？
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-26 00:22:43
题干要求找出作者最不可能支持的。我们先看A.through the study，可以对上reexploration their lives.B.mutual注意这个词，和多沟通对应。然后D的autobiograhical和order his experiences in his mind 对应，E，dialogues对上末尾提到的精神上的沟通。然而，C的as they occur忽略了中间order his experiences in his mind 的过程，即作者最不可能支持的。PS.由于这两天功课太多所以回来时都快熄灯了，故手机回复，不是很详细，请见谅。如需要，周五晚补上详细版。加油！
作者: justbegun 时间: 2010-3-26 16:45:50
谢谢水水
手机打字辛苦了！！
不好意思 偶理解能力出问题了。。。这句话还是米有看懂。。。你有空慢慢回复好了。。。偶不急的
C的as they occur忽略了中间order his experiences in his mind 的过程，
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-26 20:35:32
(C) Growing interest in extemporaneous writing that records experiences as they occur
注意extemporanneous 和as they occur，都表示出时间短，没经过仔细思考。与作者的’the author must first order his experiences in his mind.‘冲突。
作者: ieyangj08 时间: 2010-3-26 21:48:52
才看到这么好的贴，mark。以后每天的阅读问题都准备发到这儿来了，楼主不要被我烦死
作者: justbegun 时间: 2010-3-27 20:39:06
31# tracywlz
懂了· 谢谢水水> <~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
作者: justbegun 时间: 2010-3-28 17:10:03
本帖最后由 justbegun 于 2010-3-28 17:11 编辑
非常不好意思的又来问题了。。。
2-3 A
Studies of this kind have been
carried out with cells released from
tissues in various ways and then
allowed to reveal their behavior after
being spread out into a thin layer.
(55) In many cases, such cells show the
ability to reaggregate, after which
different cell types may sort
themselves out into different layers
and even take part in still more
(60) intricate morphogenetic events. But in
most cases, the behavior of cells in
the intact embryo is difficult to
study because of the thickness and
opacity of the cell masses. The sea
(65) urchin embryo, however, has the
advantage that it is so transparent
that each cell can be easily observed
throughout development. Thus, by
recording the development of a sea
(70) urchin embryo with time-lapse
photography, the research scientist
might discover previously unknown
features of cellular behavior. Perhaps
the study of the sea urchin in this
(75) manner can provide a medium by which
the molecular biologist and the
morphologist can begin communicating
with each other more effectively about
the way in which genes control
(80) morphogenesis.
21It can be inferred from the passage
that the study of the effects of genes
on morphogenesis is best accomplished
by observing
A intact developing embryos
B adult sea urchins
C isolated living cells
D groups of genetically mutated cells
E cells from the same kind of tissue
就想不通为什么不能是B urchins呢。。。不是说完整胚胎不容易研究为什么又变成最好的了呢？
作者: ieyangj08 时间: 2010-3-29 08:30:37
文章在https://bbs.gter.net/viewthread.php?tid=983232&highlight=
19题答案为D，但Ｄ选项的后半部分“与１８世纪听众不同”似乎没有提到？另外，如何排除Ｃ呢？
20题答案为C，因为有一个关键词change照应最后一句，但该选项后半部分“起源于19世纪早期”和“musical excitement and intensity”似乎文章都没有涉及到啊？ 另外，D如何排除？
这两个问题是我最近遇到的很具有代表性的问题，根据做题经验或某个关键词应该选择某个选项，但该选项的其他部分题目中都似乎没有涉及，也无法推理。是我对文章理解不够深入吗，还是有偏颇呢？
多谢水水斑竹了，鞠躬感谢：）
作者: a08805436 时间: 2010-3-30 21:28:08
35# ieyangj08
NO4.1.1.2$ C;
黄皮书Exercise One 第二篇阅读
The evolution of sex ratios has produced, in most plants and animals with separate sexes, approximately equal numbers of males and females. Why should this be so? Two main kinds of answers have been offered. One is couched (表达) in terms of advantage to population. It is argued that the sex ratio (sex ratio: n.男女人口比例) will evolve so as to maximize the number of meetings between individuals of the opposite sex. This is essentially a “group selection (group selection: 组选择, 群选择)” argument. The other, and in my view correct, type of answer was first put forward by Fisher in 1930. This “genetic” argument starts from the assumption that genes can influence the relative numbers of male and female offspring produced by an individual carrying the genes. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. Suppose that the population consisted mostly of females: then an individual who produced sons only would have more grandchildren. In contrast, if the population consisted mostly of males, it would pay (对…有利) to have daughters. If, however, the population consisted of equal numbers of males and females, sons and daughters would be equally valuable. Thus a one-to-one sex ratio is the only stable ratio; it is an “evolutionarily stable strategy.” Although Fisher wrote before the mathematical theory of games had been developed, his theory incorporates the essential feature of a game-that the best strategy to adopt depends on what others are doing.
Since Fisher’s time, it has been realized that genes can sometimes influence the chromosome or gamete in which they find themselves so that the gamete will be more likely to participate in fertilization. If such a gene occurs on a sex-determining (X or Y) chromosome, then highly aberrant sex ratios can occur. But more immediately relevant to game theory (game theory: 博弈论, 对策论) are the sex ratios in certain parasitic wasp species that have a large excess of females. In these species, fertilized eggs develop into females and unfertilized eggs into males. A female stores sperm and can determine the sex of each egg she lays by fertilizing it or leaving it unfertilized. By Fisher’s argument, it should still pay a female to produce equal numbers of sons and daughters. Hamilton, noting that the eggs develop within their host-the larva of another insect-and that the newly emerged adult wasps mate immediately and disperse, offered a remarkably cogent analysis. Since only one female usually lays eggs in a given larva, it would pay her to produce one male only, because this one male could fertilize all his sisters on emergence. Like Fisher, Hamilton looked for an evolutionarily stable strategy, but he went a step further in recognizing that he was looking for a strategy.
24. It can be inferred that the author discusses the genetic theory in greater detail than the group selection theory primarily because he believes that the genetic theory is more
(A) complicated
(B) accurate
(C) popular
(D) comprehensive（B）
(E) accessible
求为什么不能选D，我觉得ACE没什么问题，但是BD都为褒义词，请问怎么排除？ 万分感谢～！！
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-3-30 22:29:10
35# ieyangj08
19.It can be inferred from the passage that the author would be most likely to agree with which one of the following assertions regarding the early music recordings mentioned in the third paragraph?
(A) These recordings fail to recognize that the last movements of Haydn’s and Mozart’s symphonies were often played slower in the eighteenth century than they are played today.(本身这句话就有问题，the early music recordings怎么能够看到18century和played today的比较)
(B) These recordings betray the influence of baroque musical style on those early music advocates who have recently turned their attention to the music of Haydn and Mozart.
(C) By making audible the sound of an orchestral piano that was inaudible in eighteenth century performances, these recordings attempt to achieve aesthetic integrity at the expense of historical authenticity.
(D) By making audible the sound of an orchestral piano that was inaudible in eighteenth century performances, these recordings unwittingly create music that is unlike what eighteenth century audiences heard.
注意第三段第一句的inadvertently,代表了作者的感情色彩的词。与D的unwittingly对应。C的aesthtetic integrity我是没有看出来。
despite evidence indicating that the orchestral piano was virtually inaudible to audiences at eighteenth-century concerts and was dropped as musically unnecessary when a better way to beat time was found.
看这句话，表明管弦乐中的钢琴事实上是难以被观众所听到的。而the early music recordings是来自于that Haydn’s and Mozart’s symphonies were conducted during their lifetimes by a pianist who played the chords to keep the orchestra together。所以说这些recording所涉及的music和18世纪的观众听的并不一样。
(E) These recordings suggest that at least some advocates of early music recognize that concepts of musical intensity and excitement have changed since Haydn and Mozart composed their symphonies.
20.The author suggests that the modern audience’s tendency to withhold applause until the end of a symphony’s performance is primarily related to which one of the following?
(A) The replacement of the orchestral piano as a method of keeping the orchestra together
(B) A gradual increase since the time of Mozart and Beethoven in audiences’ expectations regarding the ability of orchestral musicians.
(C) A change since the early nineteenth century in audiences’ concepts of musical excitement and intensity
(D) A more sophisticated appreciation of the structural integrity of the symphony as a piece of music.
(E) The tendency of orchestral musicians to employ their most brilliant effects in the early.
作者: a08805436 时间: 2010-3-31 13:59:11
37# Bela1229
感谢Bela～～～～
作者: nieyong 时间: 2010-3-31 21:49:26
9004的长文章
Modern archaeological finds can still contribute much to the study of ancient literature. For example, forty years ago a survey of the early Greek dramatist Aeschylus’ plays would have started with The Suppliant Women. Many factors internal to the play, but perhaps most especially the prominence of the chorus (which in this play has the main role), led scholars to consider it one of Aeschylus’ earlier works. The consensus was that here was a drama truly reflecting an early stage in the evolution of tragedy out of choral lyric. The play was dated as early as the 490’s B.C., in any event, well before Aeschylus’ play The Persians of 472 B.C. Then, in 1952, a fragment of papyrus found at Oxyrhynchus was published stating the official circumstances and results of a dramatic contest. The fragment announced that Aeschylus won first prize with his Danaid tetralogy, of which The Suppliant Women is the opening play, and defeated Sophocles in the process. Sophocles did not compete in any dramatic contest before 468 B.C., when he won his first victory. Hence, except by special pleading (e. g., that the tetralogy was composed early in Aeschylus’ career but not produced until the 460’s B.C.), the Danaid tetralogy must be put after 468 B.C. In addition, a few letters in the fragment suggest the name Archedemides, archon in 463 B.C., thus perhaps tying the plays to that precise date, almost exactly halfway between Aeschylus’ Seven Against Thebes of 467 B.C. and his Oresteia.
The implication of the papyrus administered a severe shock to the vast majority of classical scholars, who had confidently asserted that not only the role of the chorus but also language, metrics, and characterization all pointed to an early date. The discovery has resulted in no less than a total reevaluation of every chronological criterion that has been applied to or derived from Aeschylus’ plays. The activity has been brisk, and a new creed has now spread. The prominence of the chorus in The Suppliant Women now is seen not as a sign of primitivism but as analogous to the massive choral songs of the Oresteia. Statistics have been formulated, or reformulated, to show that stylistically The Suppliant Women does actually occupy a position after The Persians and Seven Against Thebes, which now become the “primitive” plays, and before the Oresteia. While the new doctrine seems almost certainly correct, the one papyrus fragment raises the specter that another may be unearthed, showing, for instance, that it was a posthumous production of the Danaid tetralogy which bested Sophocles, and throwing the date once more into utter confusion. This is unlikely to happen, but it warns us that perhaps the most salutary feature of the papyrus scrap is its message of the extreme difficulty of classifying and categorizing rigidly the development of a creative artist.
有两道题我不是太懂。请教一下
25. With which of the following statements regarding the chronological criteria mentioned in line 33-34 would the author be most likely to agree?
(A) Such criteria, whether applied to or derived from the plays, should only be used to confirm already existing knowledge.
(B) Such criteria, although derived from reliable external and internal evidence, should be changed continually to avoid rigidity in thinking.
(C) Such criteria, based on statistical analysis, are inherently more reliable than those of forty years ago.
(D) Such criteria, even when unsupported by external evidence, can resolve most questions.
(E) Such criteria, based on often ambiguous internal evidence, can lead to erroneous reconstructions of the chronology of an author’s work.
这题中BE项的internal evidence到底是ambiguous还是 reliable 文章中好像没有提到啊~ 我只确定这里肯定是一个负评价。求助
27. The allusion to the hypothetical papyrus fragment in line 45-49 does which of the following?
(A) Supports an argument concerning the date of The Suppliant Women.
(B) Refutes the views of the majority of scholars concerning the Oxyrhynchus papyrus find.
(C) Predicts the future results of archaeological research proposed in the passage.
(D) Undermines the validity of the currently accepted chronology of Aeschylus’ works.
(E) Qualifies the author’s agreement with the “new creed” developed since the Oxyrhynchus papyrus find.
这个我觉得D也对吧 有一个解析说这个低于作者的陈述高度？ 求助
辛苦了 谢谢~~
作者: a08805436 时间: 2010-4-1 22:26:51
NO5.1.1.2
黄皮书 Ex 3.1
By 1950, the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging. Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold, and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.
Near the turn of the century, it had been suggested by Hering that different modes of sensation, such as pain, taste, and color, might be correlated with the discharge of specific kinds of nervous energy. However, subsequently developed methods of recording and analyzing nerve potentials failed to reveal any such qualitative diversity. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types; however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its condition was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits. Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved, the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view, namely, that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as “common currency” throughout the nervous system. According to this theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve (sensory nerve: 感觉神经) impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge, and there is some evidence for this view. In one experiment, when an electric stimulus was applied to a given sensory field of the cerebral cortex of a conscious human subject, it produced a sensation of the appropriate modality (modality: n.形式, 形态, 特征) for that particular locus, that is, a visual sensation from the visual cortex, an auditory sensation from the auditory cortex, and so on. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as far as psychoneural correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences.
However, cortical locus, in itself, turned out to have little explanatory value. Studies showed that sensations as diverse as those of red, black, green, and white, or touch, cold, warmth, movement, pain, posture, and pressure apparently may arise through activation of the same cortical areas. What seemed to remain was some kind of differential patterning effects in the brain excitation: it is the difference in the central distribution of impulses that counts. In short, brain theory suggested a correlation between mental experience and the activity of relatively homogeneous nerve-cell units conducting essentially homogeneous impulses through homogeneous cerebral tissue. To match the multiple dimensions of mental experience psychologists could only point to a limitless variation in the spatiotemporal patterning of nerve impulses.
25.
The passage can most accurately be described as a discussion concerning historical views of the （E）
(A) anatomy of the brain
(B) manner in which nerve impulses are conducted
(C) significance of different cortical areas in mental experience
(D) mechanics of sense perception
(E) physiological correlates of mental experience
这题我选择C. 觉得E选项中的correlates of mental experience是对文章信息的错误修改：文中原句 In short, brain theory suggested a correlation between mental experience （1） and the activity of relatively homogeneous nerve-cell units(2) conducting essentially homogeneous impulses through homogeneous cerebral tissue 讲的是(1)和（2）之间的correlation 而不是（1）内部的correlation
请教楼主～
作者: acer3273lzy 时间: 2010-4-3 00:43:05
支持个，水水同学是第一个给我加威望的斑竹，嘿嘿。 以后一定常来提问。
作者: justbegun 时间: 2010-4-3 22:19:13
41# a08805436
C) significance of different cortical areas in mental experience
cortical areas是细节 所以是错的
E) physiological correlates of mental experience
=physiological和mental experience之间的两者关系 而不是指一方面的内部关系
问historical view
开篇就提到
the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging
也就是 brain processes（physiological）和mental experience的关系
suggested a correlation between mental experience （1） and the activity of relatively homogeneous nerve-cell units(2) conducting essentially homogeneous impulses through homogeneous cerebral tissue 讲的确实是(1)和（2）之间的correlation
答案表示的也是这两者的关系
个人见解。。。请多指教> <
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-4-3 22:39:18
NO5.1.1.2
黄皮书 Ex 3.1
By 1950, the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging. Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, exc ...
a08805436 发表于 2010-4-1 22:26
不好意思。才看到。马上看~~
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-4-4 00:23:22
41楼有一个很关键的问题没看到,就是,题干是：
The passage can most accurately be described as a discussion concerning historical views of the
可以归于主旨题，而你在把它当成一道细节题在做。
主旨题一般情况下就在文章开头或者末尾找答案，难一点的，还需自己归纳每段，或者判断出作者的感情色彩。
这里这道题可以直接从第一段定位。
By 1950, the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging. Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold, and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.
我用紫色的标记的差不多可以看作是作者告诉我们他这篇要说什么了。
于是这道题很轻易的选了(E) physiological correlates of mental experience。
然后看你的问题，C无疑是一段细节的描述，可以直接排除。
然后你觉得E错误的根据是出于文章的一段细节描写，即是对brain theory总结，姑且不讨论这个总结里的具体细节内容，题干问的是这篇文章关注的是历史的观点中关于什么的问题，而你回答的内容是来自于作者自己的总结，这里就明显答非所问了。作者的in short是作者自己对过去观点的总结和看法，而不是过去观点本身的内容。
GRE阅读中用细节定位选项的方法的确很不错，但是只针对于细节题，而且也要找到正确的段落然后在具体定位，而不是抓到一个和原文一样的就认为为正确，抓到一个和原文不同的就排除。
而且我觉得更重要的一点，是碰到一道题前先分析出是什么题，主旨还是细节，然后再具体定位什么的。不要盲目的去原文中寻找。
继续加油~
作者: dkflame 时间: 2010-4-4 15:37:36
我问一篇LSAT的可以么？第二套的第15和21题
Three basic adaptive responses—regulatory, acclimatory, and developmental—may occur in organisms as they react to changing environmental conditions. In all three, adjustment of biological features (morphological adjustment) or of their use (functional adjustment) may occur. Regulatory responses involve rapid changes in the organism’s use of its physiological apparatus—increasing or decreasing the rates of various processes, for example. Acclimation involves morphological change—thickening of fur or red blood cell proliferation—which alters physiology itself. Such structural changes require more time than regulatory response changes. Regulatory and acclimatory responses are both reversible.
Developmental responses, however, are usually permanent and irreversible: they become fixed in the course of the individual’s development in response to environmental conditions at the time the response occurs. One such response occurs in many kinds of water bugs. Most water-bug species inhabiting small lakes and ponds have two generations per year. The first hatches during the spring, reproduces during the summer, then dies. The eggs laid in the summer hatch and develop into adults in late summer. They live over the winter before breeding in early spring. Individuals in the second (overwintering) generation have fully developed wings and leave the water in autumn to overwinter in forests, returning in spring to small bodies of water to lay eggs. Their wings are absolutely necessary for this seasonal dispersal (: the act or result of dispersing; especially: the process or result of the spreading of organisms from one place to another). The summer (early) generation, in contrast, is usually dimorphic (a: DIMORPHOUS 1 b: occurring in two distinct forms “dimorphic leaves of emergent plants” “sexually dimorphic coloration in birds”)—some individuals have normal functional (macropterous) wings; others have much-reduced (micropterous) wings of no use for flight. The summer generation’s dimorphism is a compromise strategy, for these individuals usually do not leave the ponds and thus generally have no use for fully developed wings. But small ponds occasionally dry up during the summer, forcing the water bugs to search for new habitats, an eventuality (a possible event or outcome: POSSIBILITY) that macropterous individuals are well adapted to meet.
The dimorphism of micropterous and macropterous individuals in the summer generation expresses developmental flexibility; it is not genetically determined. The individual’s wing form is environmentally determined by the temperature to which developing eggs are exposed prior to their being laid. Eggs maintained in a warm environment always produce bugs with normal wing, but exposure to cold produces micropterous individuals. Eggs producing the overwintering brood are all formed during the late summer’s warm temperatures. Hence, all individuals in the overwintering brood have normal wings. Eggs laid by the overwintering adults in the spring, which develop into the summer generation of adults, are formed in early autumn and early spring. Those eggs formed in autumn are exposed to cold winter temperatures, and thus produce micropterous adults in the summer generation. Those formed during the spring are never exposed to cold temperatures, and thus yield individuals with normal wing. Adult water bugs of the overwintering generation brought into the laboratory during the cold months and kept warm, produce only macropterous offspring.
15. The passage supplies information to suggest that which one of the following would happen if a pond inhabited by water bugs were to dry up in June?
(A) The number of developmental responses among the water-bug population would decrease.
(B) Both micropterous and macropterous water bugs would show an acclimatory response.
(C) The generation of water bugs to be hatched during the subsequent spring would contain an unusually large number of macropterous individuals.
(D) The dimorphism of the summer generation would enable some individuals to survive.（D）
(E) The dimorphism of the summer generation would be genetically transferred to the next spring generation.
这题答案选了D，可是可是C选项二段的最后一句不是有提示么？为什么不选C啊？
21. Which one of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
(A) Biological phenomena are presented, examples of their occurrence are compared and contrasted, and one particular example is illustrated in detail.
(B) A description of related biological phenomena is stated, and two of those phenomena are explained in detail with illustrated examples.
(C) Three related biological phenomena are described, a hypothesis explaining their relationship is presented, and supporting evidence is produced.
(D) Three complementary biological phenomena are explained, their causes are examined, and one of them is described by contrasting its causes with the other two.（A）
(E) A new way of describing biological phenomena is suggested, its applications are presented, and one specific example is examined in detail.
这题答案选了A，可是本文不是现象解释型文章啊，文章开头已经给出了观点，没有先阐述现象啊。这到底是为什么呢？
希望帮忙看看，谢谢~
作者: nieyong 时间: 2010-4-4 22:00:36
水水斑竹 我好几天就发过这个了，40楼 请帮忙看看哈~~
9004的长文章
Modern archaeological finds can still contribute much to the study of ancient literature. For example, forty years ago a survey of the early Greek dramatist Aeschylus’ plays would have started with The Suppliant Women. Many factors internal to the play, but perhaps most especially the prominence of the chorus (which in this play has the main role), led scholars to consider it one of Aeschylus’ earlier works. The consensus was that here was a drama truly reflecting an early stage in the evolution of tragedy out of choral lyric. The play was dated as early as the 490’s B.C., in any event, well before Aeschylus’ play The Persians of 472 B.C. Then, in 1952, a fragment of papyrus found at Oxyrhynchus was published stating the official circumstances and results of a dramatic contest. The fragment announced that Aeschylus won first prize with his Danaid tetralogy, of which The Suppliant Women is the opening play, and defeated Sophocles in the process. Sophocles did not compete in any dramatic contest before 468 B.C., when he won his first victory. Hence, except by special pleading (e. g., that the tetralogy was composed early in Aeschylus’ career but not produced until the 460’s B.C.), the Danaid tetralogy must be put after 468 B.C. In addition, a few letters in the fragment suggest the name Archedemides, archon in 463 B.C., thus perhaps tying the plays to that precise date, almost exactly halfway between Aeschylus’ Seven Against Thebes of 467 B.C. and his Oresteia.
The implication of the papyrus administered a severe shock to the vast majority of classical scholars, who had confidently asserted that not only the role of the chorus but also language, metrics, and characterization all pointed to an early date. The discovery has resulted in no less than a total reevaluation of every chronological criterion that has been applied to or derived from Aeschylus’ plays. The activity has been brisk, and a new creed has now spread. The prominence of the chorus in The Suppliant Women now is seen not as a sign of primitivism but as analogous to the massive choral songs of the Oresteia. Statistics have been formulated, or reformulated, to show that stylistically The Suppliant Women does actually occupy a position after The Persians and Seven Against Thebes, which now become the “primitive” plays, and before the Oresteia. While the new doctrine seems almost certainly correct, the one papyrus fragment raises the specter that another may be unearthed, showing, for instance, that it was a posthumous production of the Danaid tetralogy which bested Sophocles, and throwing the date once more into utter confusion. This is unlikely to happen, but it warns us that perhaps the most salutary feature of the papyrus scrap is its message of the extreme difficulty of classifying and categorizing rigidly the development of a creative artist.
有两道题我不是太懂。请教一下
25. With which of the following statements regarding the chronological criteria mentioned in line 33-34 would the author be most likely to agree?
(A) Such criteria, whether applied to or derived from the plays, should only be used to confirm already existing knowledge.
(B) Such criteria, although derived from reliable external and internal evidence, should be changed continually to avoid rigidity in thinking.
(C) Such criteria, based on statistical analysis, are inherently more reliable than those of forty years ago.
(D) Such criteria, even when unsupported by external evidence, can resolve most questions.
(E) Such criteria, based on often ambiguous internal evidence, can lead to erroneous reconstructions of the chronology of an author’s work.
这题中BE项的internal evidence到底是ambiguous还是 reliable 文章中好像没有提到啊~ 我只确定这里肯定是一个负评价。求助
27. The allusion to the hypothetical papyrus fragment in line 45-49 does which of the following?
(A) Supports an argument concerning the date of The Suppliant Women.
(B) Refutes the views of the majority of scholars concerning the Oxyrhynchus papyrus find.
(C) Predicts the future results of archaeological research proposed in the passage.
(D) Undermines the validity of the currently accepted chronology of Aeschylus’ works.
(E) Qualifies the author’s agreement with the “new creed” developed since the Oxyrhynchus papyrus find.
这个我觉得D也对吧 有一个解析说这个低于作者的陈述高度？ 求助
辛苦了 谢谢~~
作者: lavinia 时间: 2010-4-4 22:20:39
水水~ 真是万幸我发现了这么一个好贴！ 最近一直在做阅读，差不多三周了，每天三到四套，，也就是六到八篇。感觉没有什么特别的提高，灰心死了···而且我只能保证25分钟做完一个长阅读和短阅读，差不多错3-4个。好痛苦啊，速度怎么都提不上去，真的好伤心。╮(╯▽╰)╭
下面有几道题我不懂，希望水水能帮帮我。
no.8 第三套 SECTION 3 长阅读 （我做了两遍，还是做不对，尽然就对了一道）
第十六题 答案B Q: 为什么不选E 第41行不是有说吗？
第十七题 答案D Q E怎么不对了？
第十八题 答案A Q 怎么看都觉得D比A更贴切一点
第十九题 答案B Q 我一上来就把B给排出了，因为我觉得HYDROGEN SULFIDE跟题目没有关系
第二十题 答案E Q 我选的C 我觉得文章中没有说III 的内容
第二十二题 答案A Q 我选的B 想不通啊想不通
哎····我已经无可救药了
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-4-5 00:38:20
本帖最后由 tracywlz 于 2010-4-5 00:39 编辑
回40楼即47楼
9004LONG
25. With which of the following statements regarding the chronological criteria mentioned in line 33-34 would the author be most likely to agree?
(A) Such criteria, whether applied to or derived from the plays, should only be used to confirm already existing knowledge.
(B) Such criteria, although derived from reliable external and internal evidence, should be changed continually to avoid rigidity in thinking.
(C) Such criteria, based on statistical analysis, are inherently more reliable than those of forty years ago.
(D) Such criteria, even when unsupported by external evidence, can resolve most questions.'
(E) Such criteria, based on often ambiguous internal evidence, can lead to erroneous reconstructions of the chronology of an author’s work.
这两道都是细节题，先来看这一道，定位很容易，直接在提干所在行。
The discovery has resulted in no less than a total reevaluation of every chronological criterion that has been applied to or derived from Aeschylus’ plays.
no less than是不低于，这句话的意思就是这个发现至少是对来自或者应用与于Aeschylus' plays的年代标准的（研究）的一次重新审视。
那么我们再看(B) Such criteria, although derived from reliable external and internal evidence, should be changed continually to avoid rigidity in thinking. although derived from reliable...这里就错了，文章的观点是这些criteria需要重新审视，而这里是尽管这些观点来自于reliable...这里概念纠错了。然后rigidity in thinking这里根本没提到。所以B肯定错误。
再来看(E) Such criteria, based on often ambiguous internal evidence, can lead to erroneous reconstructions of the chronology of an author’s work. 因为ambiguous，erroneous，所以需要reevaluation。完全和作者的意思相符合。
27. The allusion to the hypothetical papyrus fragment in line 45-49 does which of the following?
(A) Supports an argument concerning the date of The Suppliant Women.
(B) Refutes the views of the majority of scholars concerning the Oxyrhynchus papyrus find.
(C) Predicts the future results of archaeological research proposed in the passage.
(D) Undermines the validity of the currently accepted chronology of Aeschylus’ works.
(E) Qualifies the author’s agreement with the “new creed” developed since the Oxyrhynchus papyrus find.
While the new doctrine seems almost certainly correct, the one papyrus fragment raises the specter that another may be unearthed,
依旧是细节题，定位仍然是提干提供题号的前后。
作者的态度是rasie the specter...may be...因为这次是因为发现了一个莎草纸碎片而推翻了以前的理论，那么这次新建立的也很有可能因为下一次的发现另一个碎片什么的被推翻。而C是说削弱了现在所接受的由A的年代学的可信度.作者的观点是也许会改变，而这里是肯定削弱，难道一样么？
再来看E，new Creed是上一题的定位处的一个比喻，即新出来的理论，作者的开始的观点是The activity has been brisk, and a new creed has now spread。如果又出一个新的，这个理论不就被限定qualifies了么？这里主要是要明白什么是new creed。和上一题有很大的联系。如果明白了上一题，同时这一题又明白了作者最后想要说的意思，那么应该没什么问题了。
这种细节题我觉得很重要的是在理清楚作者的思路的基础上的准确定位。这篇文章刚上手会觉得很难，而且很多背景知识我们不了解，所以我觉得，把握作者的联结词和关键句尤为重要。像第一二段的 Then, in 1952...The fragment announced that Aeschylus won first prize with his Danaid tetralogy,...Hence, except by special pleading...thus perhaps tying the plays...a severe shock.
这些是我看的时候划记的，然后果然也是重点考点。所以分析一篇文章，把握它的行文脉络很重要。
继续加油~
作者: lavinia 时间: 2010-4-5 12:45:09
哦 好的 谢谢水水啦
(This passage is excerpted from an article that was published in 1981.)
The deep sea typically has a sparse fauna dominated by tiny worms and crustaceans, with an even sparser distribution of larger animals. However,near hydrothermal vents, areas of the ocean where warm water emerges from subterranean sources, live remarkable densities of huge clams, blind crabs, and fish. Most deep-sea faunas rely for food on particulate matter, ultimately derived from photosynthesis, falling from above. The food supplies necessary to sustain the large vent communities,however, must be many times the ordinary fallout. The first reports
describing vent faunas proposed two possible sources of nutrition: bacterial chemosynthesis, production of food by bacteria using energy derived from chemical changes, and advection, the drifting of food materials from surrounding regions. Later, evidence in support of the idea of intense local chemosynthesis was accumulated: hydrogen sulfied was found in vent water; many vent-site bacteria were found to be capable of chemosynthesis; and extremely large concentrations on bacteria were found in samples of vent water thought to be pure. This final observation seemed decisive. If such astonishing concentrations of bacteria were typical of vent outflow, then food within the vent would dwarf any contribution from advection. Hence,the widely quoted conclusion was reached that bacterial chemosynthesis provides the foundation for
hydrothermal- vent food chains—an exciting prospect because no other communities on Earth are independent of photosynthesis.
There are, however, certain difficulties with this interpretation.For example,some of the large sedentary organisms associated with vents are also found at ordinary deep-sea temperatures many meters from the nearest hydrothermal sources. This suggests that bacterial chemosynthesis is not a sufficient source of nutrition for these creatures.Another difficulty is that similarly dense populations of large deep-sea
animals have been found in the proximity of "smokers"–vents where water emerges at temperatures up to 350°C. No bacteria can survive such heat, and no bacteria were found there. Unless smokers are consistently located near more hospitable warm-water vents, chemosynthesis can account for only a fraction of the vent faunas. It is conceivable, however, that these large, sedentary organisms do in fact feed on bacteria that grow in warm-water vents, rise in the vent water, and then rain in peripheral areas to nourish animals living some distance from the warm-water vents.
Nonetheless advection is a more likely alternative food source. Research has demonstrated that advective flow, which originates near the surface of the ocean where suspended particulate matter accumulates, transports some of that matter and water to the vents. Estimates suggest that matter and water to the vents. Estimates suggest that for every cubic meter of vent discharge, 350 milligrams of particulate organic material would be advected into the vent area. Thus, for an average-sized vent, advection could provide more than 30 kilograms of potential food per day. In addition, it is likely that small live animals in the advected water might be killed or stunned by thermal and/or chemical shock, thereby contributing to the food supply of vents.
17 The information in the passage suggests that the majority of deep-sea faunas that live in nonvent habitats
have which of the following characteristics?
A They do not normally feed on particles of food in the water.
B They are smaller than many vent faunas.
C They are predators.
D They derive nutrition from a chemosynthetic food source.
E They congregate around a single main food source.
(答案B Q：文章没有提到B啊？)
20 Which of the following is information supplied in the passage that would support
the statement that the food supplies necessary to sustain vent communities must be many times that of ordinary
fallout?
I. Large vent faunas move from vent to
vent in search of food.
II. Vent faunas are not able to consume
food produced by photosynthesis.
III. Vents are more densely populated
than are other deep-sea areas.
A I only
B III only
C I and II only
D II and III only
E I, II, and III
答案B 我却刚好选的C
P.S. 水水，能能讲讲怎么提高阅读的速度吗 O(∩_∩)O~
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-4-5 22:46:41
今晚回去一堆事情，估计不能在熄灯前看完了。我先说下怎么提高速度。
最基本的一点当然是自身实力的提高。这个是无疑的。其次么，就是阅读要有取舍。这个也是建立在大量阅读分析上面的。
所以我这里就说一点方法，50楼可以尝试着每次看阅读的时候把慢的原因记下来，然后再专门针对突破。
加油~
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-4-6 22:30:21
17 The information in the passage suggests that the majority of deep-sea faunas that live in nonvent habitats have which of the following characteristics?
A They do not normally feed on particles of food in the water.
B They are smaller than many vent faunas.
C They are predators.
D They derive nutrition from a chemosynthetic food source.
E They congregate around a single main food source.
Suggest题型本来就不是在原文找的，是应该根据原文信息推断的。
A选项 particles of food根本没提到。C也没提到。然后看第二段后半部分It is conceivable, however, that these large, sedentary organisms do in fact feed on bacteria that grow in warm-water vents, rise in the vent water, and then rain in peripheral areas to nourish animals living some distance from the warm-water vents. Large organisms是在vents附近生活，那么nonvent 附近的 faunas比其它生活在vents附近的faunas小。这是很正常的推理。而DE。好像根本与是否生活在vent附近无关系了吧。这道题，解题的关键是抓住提干的nonvent。然后再去原文找vent的细节，再取反。
20 Which of the following is information supplied in the passage that would support the statement that the food supplies necessary to sustain vent communities must be many times that of ordinary
fallout?
I. Large vent faunas move from vent to vent in search of food.* s/ `4 Z. y- a2
II. Vent faunas are not able to consume
food produced by photosynthesis.7 III. Vents are more densely populated than are other deep-sea areas.,
这道题是根据原文信息推断题，关键是看懂需要推断的内容即提干。
提干问的是为什么vent communities的食物必须很多倍多余ordinary fallout，我们来一个个看。
I.
Large vent faunas move from vent to vent in search of food。原文是说food自己沉降下来了而不是large vent faunas自己去找。排除。
II.
Vent faunas are not able to consume
food produced by photosynthesis.文章开始说是vent faunas有可能成为不靠光合作用也能存活的物种而不是说它不能用光合作用。而且这个观点下文就被反驳了，化学作用不够，This suggests that bacterial chemosynthesis is not a sufficient source of nutrition for these creatures。所以这里其实可以推断的出还是要靠光合作用的。于是II排除。
III.
Vents are more densely populated than are other deep-sea areas。因为vents的生物太多，所以需要更多的食物。这完全说得通，而且文章的difficulty段落说到了Another difficulty is that similarly dense populations of large deep-sea…Unless smokers are consistently located near more hospitable warm-water vents, chemosynthesis can account for only a fraction of the vent faunas.因为生物太多，所以chemosynthesis只能充当一小部分的食物来源，所以vents附近才需要更多的食物来源。
A I only
B III only4 P$ B- U! c$ ~- X
C I and II only3 t/ { _6 v/ l# \5 c
D II and III only' L1 R# H9 G8 v- [1 G: Z& n
E I, II, and III
作者: dkflame 时间: 2010-4-8 22:18:47
换皮书EXERCISE30 的短文章
10.的E选项F’s internationalism as "ideal"是不是 和文章末句的F‘ emphasis on an ideal internationalism
11.这题是类比题，是不是原句关系是因果的逻辑啊？ 怎么感觉仔细看看C以后，又有点牵强？水水怎么看这题的？
望指点...
作者: lavinia 时间: 2010-4-10 22:49:30
了解了 谢谢水水
52# tracywlz
作者: 林小乔 时间: 2010-4-16 18:51:42
帮顶。MUA水水。
作者: fly-2011 时间: 2010-4-16 19:02:41
我也是阅读速度问题，感觉第一遍肯定看不懂，做题时回头找答案，往往不知道从哪里找答案，所以就很多寻找的时间，实在没底
作者: tracywlz 时间: 2010-4-16 21:03:46
由于本人最近事情太多。再加上1010G备考组开始了，所以决定停了这个阅读答疑贴，请各位见谅。加油~
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