position: education institution's advice todissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely tosucceed may seemingly helpful, but in my point of view ,disadvantages may
the good effects.
(1)正:stopping studentsfrom choosing the seemingly wrong fields may save their time ,so as to concentratemore on the effective ones. less failures may occur, so that their confidencecan keep.
(2)反:first, no one canbe sure whether one student is fit for the particular filed.as adolescent arealso be flexible. This can of suggestion may deter them from ...
second, failure is the mother of success.
(3)反：Educationinstitution can help to lead them find the filed they are indeed interested in,not to show them directly which one to choose.
6:
Position: it's a considerable idea but maytakes long time to establish.
(1)正：Central curriculumis more economical than provincial curriculum.
Providing grander eyesight
(2)反：first, it’s hard totake into practice for the country consisted with varieties races and differentcharacters.
Second, with particular culture each race own, consistence may bringdifficulties to their understanding with curriculum. Contradiction may arise.
(3)正：Consistent ant isthe terminal tendency, but may take long time to go. Should not
act with undue haste
13:
position: necessary but with thepresupposition of not taking large part of their field of study
(1)正：varieties disciplineare related, the study of course outside a student's own filed may benefit thestudy of their major.
Life was like a box of chocolate ,you never know what you're goanna get.so as to the knowledge. You’ll never kwon which field you really interested inuntil you get in touch with it. education institution’s responsibility is notto
(2)反：University isdifferent with the high school. Major filed should take most vigor in the ownfield. ability of exploring deep into the unknown world is one of the main taskof university.
(3)正：encourage them tochoose courses outside own filed. With the depth of their knowledge in field,more freedom should provide to help them explore the specific field.
14:重6
15：
position：education institutionbring benefits to the students not only in assuring them a cosy life in thefuture but more to guiding them to realize their life value.
(1)正：education issomewhat like a investigation. Everybody want to maximum it's profit. alucrative career is a good judgment.
(2)反：but not the only judgment.
the judgment of maximizing
profitof education investigation is different depend on different individual. peoplechoose careers for different purpose. luxurious life, self-fulfillment ,family responsibilityand so on.
lucrative careers can't be fitful for everyone. May just the opposite.
(3)合：to teach studentsin accordance with their aptitude ,interest, and the vocational demands ofcountry.
17:
position: the effect of formal education isdepend on the people execute it or the ideology behind it.
(1)正：some educationinstitution choose the level student acquire from the settled circomstums. theyindeed restrain students' minds and spirits.
(2)反：we can't deny theadvantages of formal education. Assure students have equal chance to get the rudimentaryknowledge for them to creative better. moreover, educators are the people whoaccept professional trained to inspire the unfledged child and equip them withnecessary knowledge.
(3)合:no one would saythat the purpose of education is not improving the receivers. the result ofeducation is not the form of it. but the ideology of educators who execute the education.
20:
position: life is the complexes of idea andreality.(sense and sensibility)
(1)正：talent and interestis the best guide. make one learns in most efficient and joyful way. Easier toreach self-fulfillment.
(2)反：reality: withoutability to sustain one's basic needs, no one can assure themselves to concentrateon their interest.
every has his responsibility to take, atleast for their family.
only reality:restrain one from getting enjoyment of careers.
losing large amount ofcreative labor so as to suppress society from revolutionary progress.
(3)合:choosing majorfield is a process including sense and sensibility.
24:
Position: praise positive actions can buildone’s confidence, critics in right ways on negatives actions is also a way toimproving.
(1)
正：praising positive actions can inspire people from continuing doingsuch thing. Keeping positive characters.
(2)
反:ignoring negative actions may cultivate sense of irresponsibility.
Constructive criticismis necessary in one’s road of grow up.
The way you chooseto criticize can determine the effect.
(3)
合：the best way to teach is encourage combined with constructivecriticism. So as to form good in the same time to avoid bad.
29:重24
30：
Position: the academic performance is one of the judgmentof the teacher’s hard word which is consistent with his salary, but should be determinant.
(1)
正:academic performance can be showed by some easy-counted index.it isnecessary and practical. It can also reflect teacher’s degree of hard work.
Encourage teachersto find more efficient way to teach.
(2)
反：force teachers to use some stark way to improve students’ academicperformance
Causing the lack of cultivating in students’ overall quality.
(3)
合：academic performance can be the index of judging whether one’s wayof teaching is fit for students. The one who figure the most efficient way canbe praised and be offered the additional rogue.
A system of evaluation system should be built to judge the improvementof students’ overall quality.
32重，35重
37：
Position: nature first, practice depended.
(1)
正：proper training for kids can develop their intellect.
(2)
反：first: no scientific standard to judge whether a child is withspecial talents.
Second: nobody can assure that the special training will not turn out to be the opposite
(3)
反： since no evidence show deliberate is better than the nature, whynot go on let the nature guide the child to live? At least follow one’s heartwill not create too much regrets.
39:
Position: life is a complex of sense andsensibility.
(1)
正：Youngsters have chance to do what they are interested in .interestis the best teacher.
(2)
反：but good job is the realistic affair they’ll finally face. Consideringthe life their own and the responsibility to at least their family.
(3)
正：education institution encourage student not to be a dreamer but tobe the one pursuing the dream.
40:
Position: interest should be taken intoaccount with the premise of keepingits systematicness and integrity
(1)
正：as the reason showed as, interest can motivate student to learn proactive instead of reactive.
(2)
反：this does not mean to cater their interest .
Feasibility: unrealistic, Multiple and changeable. Children may know want theywant or interested in but not always know what they really need.
Disadvantages: destroy the systematicness and integrity. Take toomuch time in catering instead of using scientific method to inspire and equipthem with the fundamental skills whatever they are interested or not.
(3)
合：the terminal purpose education is improving their overall quality. Theirinterest can be
a good helper but notthe only guild. With few life experience and knowledge, they are not aware ofwhat they really need after all.
42：
Position: acknowledging the skepticism tobe the key to breakthrough is not to deny the premise of acceptance.
(1)
正：every civilization is start with suspicion.
Question whatthey taught can help to understand thoroughly. Application of the knowledgethey have obtained.
(2)
反：feasibility: as a student equipped with little knowledge and lifeexperience. it’ll be meaningless for most of their suspicion since they have nosufficient knowledge to make the suspicion sensible.
Disadvantages: acceptance the fundamental fact or value can equip uswith the ability to explore the essence of the world. The heritance ofcivilization is based on this basis.
(3)
合:skepticism brings outstanding breakthrough but acceptance first.
Heritance ofcivilization is always a process of acceptance, criticism, development, and re-acceptance,re-criticism, re- development.
45:
Position: it depends on level and mechanism.
(1)
正：Grades is not the only index of the achievement of education. Improvingstudents’ overall quality and Encouraging students to find the way of self-fulfillmentis the goal of education.
(2)
反：First: competition has its own reason for existence of everywhere.
Healthy competition for high grades may motivate children to studyhard and find develop their capability of analysis.
After the critical period of habit-forming and of laying offoundation. one should focus more on his overall quality. Pursing high gradesmay cause limitation on future development.
Second: What reallybe the limitation is not the grades, but the mechanism for grading.
(3)
合：Encourage healthy competition during the right time to the rightperson. In case to be healthy, establish a considerate mechanism.
46重
47类似40 take intoaccount with the premise of keeping integrity and systematicness.
48:
Position: it’s the way to teach the factswe have already discovered. Ignore the facts that waiting for explore.
(1)
正：With the information reference to the fact, students can accept morequickly and thoroughly. Acknowledge not only the fact itself but its origin orprinciple behind it. Application, prediction and so on.
(2)
反：the facts should be hold back as its out of the knowledge?
Unsolved riddlescan inspire students to explore. They may be the people who resolve the myths.
Unsolved riddlescan be the clue to explain other facts.
(3)
合：try to give the relevant information. Pass the facts with littleinformation as a inspiration or a material for other facts.
另一种思路：
(1)
正：With the information reference to the fact, students can accept morequickly and thoroughly. Acknowledge not only the fact itself but its origin orprinciple behind it. Application, prediction and so on.
(2)
反：explore or search by oneself(one selves) is another way to gainknowledge. In the face of some problem, this kind of education may be better. Cultivatingthe ability of balabalabala.
(3)
合：teaching is not only the way to survey facts, but also the way tocultivate the ability to explore facts.
52重
54
Position: it’s meaningful to train thewell-rounded individuals. Literature articles are good for inspiring imaginationand enrich inner world. But reading articles is not the only way.
(1)
正：Literature articles can inspire imagination. Whatever the student ismajor in, imagination is a necessary diathesis to make breakthrough.
Literature articlescan broaden one’s viewpoints.
(2)
反：Reading articles may benefits those who really interested in but maybe just the oppositeto others. Furthermore occupy much time which can be spent on the field theyare interested in.
Reading articles is not the only way to inspire imagination. Itdepends.
(3)
合：The original intention is reasonable, but the way to reach thetarget should be rich and varied.
58:
Position: personal discipline is necessaryfor learning, but one’s self-discipline ability is not invariable.
(1)
正：Personal discipline determines the choice result between proactivestudy and reactive study. And the effectiveness of one’s study.
(2)
反：nothing is in variable. Many factors can affect one’sself-discipline ability. In essence, learning is a matter complex with manyfactors.
(3)
Motivation from schoolsometimes may play a bigger role in one’s study。
68重
70：
Position: taking variety of courses outside the student’smajor field of study is not the guarantee of erudition. No one can pronounce anerudite one to be a truly educated one.
(1)
正：(参考13)
(2)
反：erudite one can be equal to a truly educated one?
According to the purpose of education. Awell-educated person should be an all-around person. Erudition is one of the qualityhe should obtain.
(3)
反：Considering the claim, even if the reason is appropriate, therequirement of taking a variety of courses outside the student’s major field ofstudy can’t assure its intention.
First, there isa limit to a man’s energy. Taking a variety of courses can only assurethem understand different fields superficially, far from the standard oferudition.
Second, with deepening of degree, more time should be spent onmajor. Variety of other courses may deter them from pursuing what is moreimportant to learn. Worries and inimical mentality may occur, so as to bring the result oppositewith the original tension.
73:
Position: the effect of the requirement isconditional
(1)
正：Practice outside academic can be mutually promotive with certain subjects, forexample: engineering, economics and so on.
(2)
反：but for some subjects less committed to the real world. It’s hard to do researchoutside the academic world. If forced to, large quantities of time may bewasted. The result may be just the opposite.
(3)
反：we should encourage faculty to connect their course with practiceoutside academic instead of requiring. Considering the character of eachsubject, faculty themselves should have the freedom to choose whether adoptingthe suggestion or not.
What we should stress on is the purpose of finding more efficientways to teanch.
81:
Position: volunteering at school is a goodway but not the only way to show the concerning about children.
(1)
正：volunteering at school is the most direct way to tract theirchildren and keep in touch with teacher.
(2)
反：it’s cannot be applied to every parent.
Feasibility: facing with huge working pressure. Sparing time forvolunteering at school is not realistic, espy for those who have more than onechild.
Disadvantages: schools should assume main responsibility for education.Lacking of volunteering at school may off a good excuse for teachers accountingfor the dissatisfaction of teaching result.
(3)
反：parents’ volunteering is a undoubted way to get a better educationresult. But it should be a perfect suggestion only.
When not available for each individual, Schoolshould figure out the way to compensate.
82:
Position: offering chances to study abroadfor the right students at the right time.
(1)
正：studying abroad is the most impressive way to get in touch withdifferent civilization. It’s also a good way to broaden one’s viewpoint and academicability.
(2)
反：feasibility: even with scholarship, the expense living abroad can still put a great strain on familyfinances.
Disadvantages:
First: take valuable time for major studying.
Second: not every student has ability to living abroad, unsafe fortheir security, even can cause some serious mental disease.
(3)
反：offering necessary information of both advantages and disadvantagesof studying abroad. Creative chances for the ones who are indeed right forstudying a broad at right time.
Leading students getin touch with civilizations outside with varied methods instead of force themstudying abroad.
83,90重
92：(类比42)两种教育方式
Position: the one who study well should bethe one, not only have a good grasp of facts but also equipped with highability of explanation and prediction.
(1)
正：Each fact is departed, unless we connect them with ability toexplain the ideas, trends, and concepts. The degree of one’s study should be parallelwith the ability of finding relationships among facts.
(2)
反：a good grasp of facts is the basement of explaining.
Acknowledge the existenceof inexplicable facts offer the possibility of discovering essence. Apply themto explain.
(3)
反：there are two different ways of education: teacher-centered andstudent-centered. The first one concentrates on survey facts while the otherone concentrates on application of facts.
They are mutually promotive. So a goodeducator should focus on both the ability to explain, and the grasp of facts.
95,96,97重
98：(类比15)
Position: life is a complex of sense andsensibility.
(1)
正：choosing the field which jobs are plentiful can assure a basisrequirement of one’s future.
(2)
反：Feasibility: withthe rapid development of society, no one can predict future career prospectswith present condition.
Disadvantages:
First: unbalanced development of society. Industry will suffer from brain drain.
Second: restraining one’s talent, leading a waste of human resources instead of making theperson uses up his just.
Third: youngsters should accumulate experience from finding the rightposition. For the one whoenjoy life most, life is not always plain sailing.
(3)
合：When giving career advices, education institution should encouragestudents to choose field guide by their sense mainly when they are young, but makedecisions rely more on sensibility with time pass by.
100，102，112，116，124，129，135，136，137，138重
140：(完整写)
Position: in order to train well-roundedtalents, a requirement of taking courses outside one’s field is necessary, butshould be conditional.
(1)
正: There are relationships among each subjects. A well-rounded personcan adapt to the society better. But the reality of life should be consideredas they walking step by step towards the society.
(2)
反：
Requirement ofvariety courses will spend much time, somewhat make influence on their study ofmajor field. Worried and backlash may occur.
Ignoring the knowledge with less concernwith chosen fields can limit their future development. First, no one can besure to work for the chosen field years after. Second: with the rapiddevelopment of society, many jobs require abundant knowledge backgrounds. Professionalskills of single field can be inadequate.
(3)
合：taking variety courses which they are interested in before much timerequires for searching on the major field.
Encourage studentsto find the right position after trying, instead of make decision when theystill have adequate chances to explore.
142:
Position: the suggestion is impractical andcan bring serious consequence.
(1)
正:Following directions can save one’s time and energy. Following thesettled principle can avoid making mistakes.
(2)
反: The directions people prefer to follow are settled by democraticdecision-making mechanism. Proved to be scientific and instructive over a longtime. Following these directions can save a lot of time of both individual and institution.
other kind of following can be eitherforced to or blind obedience.Both of them cannot be the main trend.
Even if we accept the reason, claim cannot be practical.
Equipping the students with knowledge and skills that are necessaryfor them is one of the targets of colleges and universities, but not the kernelone. Knowledge may be forgotten years later, skills may be degraded, whatreally offers lifelong benefit is the spirit. Liberal and democratic spirit iswhat we should sustain.
Each subject is inter-related. They are mutually promotive.
(3)
反：being a guidance not only for certain knowledge but also for life.作者: 小李大毛 时间: 2012-2-3 14:12:29