提纲在附件里
issue13 Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing andsupporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used tochallenge your position.
issue142 Claim: Colleges and universities should specify all required courses and eliminate elective courses in order to provide clear guidance
for students.
Reason: College students—like people in general—prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based.
issue24 The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones.[Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.]
作者: xiesisiminerva 时间: 2012-8-2 00:57:13
Issue81
81 All parents should be required to volunteer time to their children's schools.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.
Disagree: parents should be invited to volunteer time to school however it is not a compel obligation.
1父母参加学校的志愿活动好处多：
A 向老师了解孩子在学校的表现，以及孩子在群体中的样子。
B 通过和孩子一起活动或劳动增进感情，家庭感情巩固
C 放松心情，缓解压力
2然而，强制性要求每个孩子的父母都参加是非常有害的。
A 父母的休假时间不一样，有些很忙，不可能都参加活动。
B 如果要求父母双方都到，对单亲家庭或与父母分开生活的孩子来说是不公平的。
C 要考虑的孩子的感受，如果其他同学的父母都来，就自己父母不到，自尊心受不了。
3所以应该邀请父母，但是不能强制参加。另外，不一定班里同学的父母都在同一天来学校。可以分成几个小组，每个小组为一个大家，那么，那些父母很忙的孩子在一个大家里也能感受到温暖。
33 Educational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.
Disagree:
1 disadvantage:
A hard to tell every students whether he is doing well in a certain fields in the future.
B it is the students who know themselves best . Dissuading them will make them passive, unwilling to welcome the challenge coming in the future.
The argentinian poet , Antonio porchia, “they will say you are on the wrong road ,if it is your own.
C when things turn wrong ,it is not them who was to be blamed, make them unwilling to be responsible for themselves.
2 yet, there is a good effect:
sometimes , an elder is always more wisdom than the young . if a young man is pursuing a extremely unrealistic dream, such as he had a bad voice however what to be an singer.
When he saw this ,he would have a talk with the young. However ,school should not play the role as the wisdom old man , instead, this kind of help should come from parents or other relationships like grandpa or uncle.
3there is still things for the university to do:
1 Offer courses that help the students to know more about themselves, to recognize what kind of gifts the have.
2 serve as not a judge, but an adviser
30 Teachers' salaries should be based on their students' academic performance.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.
Disagree:
1 students academic could only mean that the students is good at an erea. It cannot even mean that whether the student is well-rounded. it can not mean that whether the teacher has a good ability in teaching.there are many things except academic performance that can examine a students:
2.there are many ways to estimate whether a teacher is a good one.
ASometimes , a good will discover the gift in even a normal students and cultivate it . another kind of good teacher is expert in transform a students from hating school and isolated from others to become involve in the normal life.
B different subject has different way in examine a students academic abilities. The method will result in that teacher lower their standards in their field in order to earn a higher salary which is harmful to both school and students.
3. what can be refer to when it comes to the standards of salary. to make it less difference from teacher to teacher.
Academic performance, one small ingredient.
The students opinions about teacher.
4The teacher’s responsibility is to cultivate a man , to guide a man , to encourage a man. 作者: xiesisiminerva 时间: 2012-8-3 00:02:16
8.2issue 4,48,97
4Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.
Disagree:
1 people’s nature: like scandals;>not seriously>forget easily
2 speeker : eloquent speech makes the audience refresh and devote themselves . it is the most useful weapon. Churchill’s speech, the second war , fight with fascits
Reformer: by action ,make the society more democratic. gandhi, nonviolent and no cooperation work . touch the soul, succeed fight against the unfair thing, India liberation
3 scandal will pass, words which deliver the truth will is powerfull and turning into action ,action will be remembered.
48 Educators should teach facts only after their students have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.
提纲：
1、memorize facts只是rote learning学习效果不好:学得快，忘得快。不了解为什么而做，闹笑话：面包师的故事
（不理解含义，记忆效果不好，不会知识迁移和应用，在学习ideas, trend and concepts之后，对事实的理解和记忆都有很大帮助）
2、不一定要在学习ideas, trend and concepts之后记忆事实
事实的作用是说明概念，可以加深概念的理解；直接学概念会比较抽象；在了解事实基础上归纳出概念、原理、趋势，不仅有利于培养分析综合能力，而且对概念原理的理解更深入，可以应用到其他事实当中examine real-world facts：医学生的例子
3、学习的重心应该放在概念原理、学习能力上，不是记忆事实上
学习的目的是能够把所学的东西应用到工作生活中，并能不断学习新的东西加以应用
（学习事实并不是最终目的，更重要的是通过学习事实的过程掌握原理和能力
事实太丰富，不可能都记住，获取方便，不需要都记住；no need to memorize every single detail of industrial revolution, but have to understand the trend of historical development and the following influences indicated by the facts，understand how to generalize the essence from the complex facts）
97 Colleges and universities should require their students to spend at least one semester studying in a foreign country.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.
Partly Agree:
1 abroad advantage：make the students horizon wider. Know more about the world, good at the reshape their personality ,become a people who is open to different culture.
2 although good, not all school can offer the funding, how about the fees,
One semester can be a little shot , and the student can have a second culture shock
Hard to adapt themselves so quickly and the semester finished, learn little.
3 extend the time to a year or two , or offer internship in the foreign country for the students to learn more