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标题: 求问阅读36套 exe6 第一篇阅读 [打印本页]

作者: Jim1949 时间: 2013-10-17 21:38:02 标题: 求问阅读36套 exe6 第一篇阅读

Some modern anthropologists hold that biological
evolution has shaped not only human morphology but
also human behavior. The role those anthropologists
Line ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of
5  human behavior but one of imposing constraints—
ways of feeling, thinking, and acting that ―come natu-
rally‖ in archetypal situations in any culture. Our
―frailties‖ –emotions and motives such as rage, fear,
greed, gluttony, joy, lust, love—may be a very mixed
10  assortment, but they share at least one immediate
quality: we are, as we say, ―in the grip‖ of them. And
thus they give us our sense of constraints.
  Unhappily, some of those frailties—our need for
ever-increasing security among them—are presently
15  maladaptive. Yet beneath the overlay of cultural
detail, they, too, are said to be biological in direction,
and therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes.
We would need to comprehend thoroughly their
adaptive origins in order to understand how badly they
20 guide us now. And we might then begin to resist their
pressure.

2. It can be inferred that in his discussion of
maladaptive frailties the author assumes that
  (A) evolution does not favor the emergence of
adaptive characteristics over the emergence
of maladaptive ones
  (B) any structure or behavior not positively
adaptive is regarded as transitory in
evolutionary theory
  (C) maladaptive characteristics, once fixed,
make the emergence of other maladaptive
characteristics more likely
  (D) the designation of a characteristic as being
maladaptive must always remain highly
tentative
  (E) changes in the total human environment can
outpace evolutionary change

这是原题，可是为啥选e。。。题目有点看不懂啊。。。

作者: Jim1949 时间: 2013-10-17 21:38:28

这是答案的解析，看起来也有些莫名其妙。。。请大伙帮我解释下这个几个选项的不正常和选项的正常，谢谢！
2. "Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail, they, too, are said to be biological in direction, and therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes." 这句话说这些不适应性在各种东西的作用下，和阑尾一样，是生物进化的正常现象。而ABCD选项都表现出（在某个方面）不正常，与文章相反，干掉。

作者: crazyrunner945 时间: 2013-10-17 23:30:30

这道题确实比较蛋疼。。。。。

作者: crazyrunner945 时间: 2013-10-17 23:31:19

记得当时在吴中东上看过解释也很牵强，容我回去仔细看看再说！~~

作者: ad9075 时间: 2013-10-17 23:43:03

我感觉这回看明白了，文章是这个逻辑：

生物进化控制人类行为，很多行为-比如安全感的需要-现在已经是不利用生存的了(maladaptive)，尽管在人类的某一个时期曾是适应性的(adaptive origin)或者说利于生存的。所以作者说人们应该抵抗这种行为（And we might then begin to resist their
pressure. ）（其实按照生物进化的规律来讲，这些现在不利于生存的行为早晚也会进化掉的，但作者觉得那样太慢，所以号召人们自发地抵抗）

但这里作者建立于这样的前提：人类抵抗这种行为，能超过生物进化抵消掉这种行为的速度

作者: Jim1949 时间: 2013-10-22 20:00:10

ad9075 发表于 2013-10-17 23:43
我感觉这回看明白了，文章是这个逻辑：

生物进化控制人类行为，很多行为-比如安全感的需要-现在已经是不 ...

首先,前面4个选项都说得太死. GRE中,说得非常肯定的东西往往都会有疑问,GRE本身就鼓励质疑,实证.那么这4个选项就都有问题
第5个选项,问题问得是infer,说明文章中并不明确点出,但通过逻辑和态度能判断出来. 文章最后一句: "and we might then begin to resist their pressure".是一种看似可能实则明确的态度, resist是个很强的词,说明作者对利用biology 改变culture持一种乐观和主动态度, 那么针对选项中"change the total human environment"作者也就是同样的一种主动的态度.那么e就可以是一个正确的答案.
选项a, doesn't favor -对应文中的"Unhappily",这个选项不全面
选项b, any太绝对
选项c, once fixed - 文中应该是可以改变的态度, 事物都是在变化的, 强调fix不合适
选项d, must always remain, 我感觉在gre中看到这样表述的可以直接排除了
所以,选e
和你的解答实质相同，谢谢你的解答

作者: Jim1949 时间: 2013-10-22 20:00:27

ad9075 发表于 2013-10-17 23:43
我感觉这回看明白了，文章是这个逻辑：

生物进化控制人类行为，很多行为-比如安全感的需要-现在已经是不 ...

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