1 态度
存在正反色彩的选项,则舍弃中性;存在正反对比的,就不要选程度上的
注意是褒是贬,宁可选不认识的词,也绝不能选褒贬态度不对的
2 关键词
题目中的每个词都应该看,这样才不会错过关键词
如monument这样的名词为褒义
如argue表反对,grow暗示状态变化
3 没把握的题
多种选择好像都行得通时,不要想当然,找每组选择对应的关键词。(如果某一选法你能解释得顺,但就是找不到对应的关键词,那它就不如另外一种你认为拗口却有对应关键词的选法)
多空题,在好不容易想出正确句意(对句子重新解读后)选出了剩余blank(s)的选项后,要再审视一下一开始(重新解读句子前)做出的自认为比较肯定的blank(s)
如果实在觉得“一样好”,直觉!(见仁见智)
4 时间分配
最没把握的题和最最有把握的题都不应该多花时间
填空题在练习时也应该掐时间掐时间,能为其它题争取一点时间是一点
不同instruction的前半句虽然又臭又长,但其实大同小异,可以无视。简单地说就是要你对题目中的claim/view/policy/recommendation/statement表达你的支持程度+看法+理由。
Write a response in which you discuss
which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take.
your views on the policy and explain your reasoning for the position you take.
the extent to which you agree or disagree with the recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take.
the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take.
the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based.
instruction的后半部分只要关注几个关键词。无论要求是什么,都建议从正反两面来论证题目,并侧重写自己能列出论据比较多的那一面。
In developing and supporting your position,
1 回应反驳 be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.
2 两面写 you should address both of the viewspresented.
3 政策的利弊及其对你观点的影响 you should consider the possible consequences of implementing the policy and explain how these consequences shape your position.
4 建议的不同执行环境是否有利及其对你观点的影响 describe specific circumstancesin which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examplesshape your position.
5 具体情形下真伪 you should consider waysin which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
与issue的不同,argument的重点在前半部分,而所有instruction表达的要求简单地说就是指出逻辑缺陷+再评估结论+(改进意见)。
Write a response in which you discuss/examine
1 论据缺失 what specific evidenceis needed to evaluate the argument
2 重新解读(逻辑错误) one or more alternative explanationsthat could rival the proposed explanation
3 伪假设 the stated and/or unstated assumptionsof the argument
4 自问自答(1+2+3) what questionswould need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation/prediction/advice/conclusion is likely to have the predicted result and the argument on which it is based are reasonable
and explain
how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.
how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted. 假设和结论的联系
how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation/prediction/advice/conclusion.
1 Unjustified Assumptions 假设不实
2 Skill & Will 主观能动性
3 Extreme Language 极端
4 Terms Are Too Vague 论证模糊
5 Predicting the Future 未来不可知
The scores for the 500 students who took Ms. Johnson’s final exam had a normal distribution. There were 80 students who scored at least 92 points out of a possible 100 total points and 10 students who scored at or below 56.
[Quantity A] The mean score on the final exam
[Quantity B] 87
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