2. 长难句:觉得很难理解的同学,可以用画图的形式在帮助理解。挑出句子关键词:主语、行为/状态和对象,然后用逻辑符号连接,例如下面的两个句子:
The residence time is the average length of time that any particular molecule of water remains in the lake, and it is calculated by dividing the volume of water in the lake by the rate at which water leaves the lake.
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If the pores are large, the water in them will exist as drops too heavy for surface tension to hold, and it will drain away; but if the pores are small enough, the water in them will exist as thin films, too light to overcome the force of surface tension holding them in place; then the water will be firmly held.
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3. 搭配混乱:混淆选项经常会有这个难点,举例TPO24-Breathing During Sleep-7说明:原文说出现呼吸困难的时候,人在清醒状态下会进行迅速调整呼吸,在睡眠状态下则要通过一系列复杂的生理反应才会调整呼吸。题目的错误选项会说:出现呼吸困难时,人在慢相睡眠状态下会迅速调整呼吸。
这类题目的难点在于原文中出现了多个对象和对象的特征,看选项的时候会让人感觉似曾相识,好像是对的。解题方法是一定要回原文做特征对照。
4. 偷换概念:这是个易错点,而且很容易被忽略。原文和选项的相似程度很高,只做了小范围改动,但是这个改动直接改变了对象的性质。例如:原文说某种航天技术very famous,混淆选项说这种技术popular,这就改变了对象的性质。同样的例子还有tpo8- Running Water on Mars-2:原文说四亿年前火星上存在runoff channel,混淆选项说runoff channel于四亿年前开始干涸。实际上原文没有提到runoff channel的消失是因为干涸,我们就不能随便加入自己的推断。