48. "The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."
历史研究过于关注个人。历史上最有意义的事件和潮流能够成为可能不是因为几个少数的名人而是一些身份早就被淡忘的人群 少数和多数，精英和大众
1. 历史对于人群的研究过于宽泛而难以继续，总需要有代表，研究这些代表人物能起到事半功倍的作用。而事实是历史上这些历史人物起到的作用非常之大以至于可以扭转整个时代的命运。希特勒.爱迪生。历史上的事件和潮流，但是真正的导火索往往是一个事件，而事件往往都是有领导者的，这个领导者是关键。不能抓了芝麻漏了西瓜。
2. 历史需要精英，人民需要英雄。没有这些名人luminaries人们的精神寄托将失去。
3. concession。历史失去了群众基础确实就不能称作为历史。任何历史离开了时代背景都不可能发生，而时代背景与群众背景是统一的。
In general, I do not agree with the speaker’s statement that the historical research focuses too much on the celebrities. Although all the historical events could not happen without their backgrounds of the society and time, they were always leaded and engendered by only a few of key persons.
Firstly, specific study of history costs of a myriad of time and energy, researches aiming at the populace could hardly last long. On the other hand, the key persons always play a representative role in the events. Studying their lives could tremendously enhance the efficiency of historical researches. Actually, it is acknowledged that these famous persons exerted so significant influence on history that sometimes they reverse the whole situation of their epoch. For example, if Hitler was never born, instead, another German leader who is more sympathy with his people and moderate, the invasion might not happen at all. If Thomas Edison did not invent the lamp we might still have light now, but it is likely that it would appear hundreds of years later and there would be much more people who lived during that period of time have no chance to use lamps. In short, since the luminaries who played a key role in history are the best representatives of the era they lived, it is an effective and efficient way to study them instead of the trivial occurrence and the ordinary people.
Secondly, history is constituted of numerous incidents and these incidents always had leaders, lacking a leader the participants of these incidents would hardly fine their destination. The people need heroes and the history needs leaders. Undoubtedly, we cannot imagine in the revolutionary ages of China, how the situation would be without the leadership of Mao Zedong, the most talented strategist in Chinese history. Similarly, without President Lincoln, we can not picture the situation of the Civil War either. In one word, leaders are one of the most indispensable parts of history and history would not be history without leaders. Hence, if history study replace of its focus on the leaders, it would not be called “history study” at all.
I concede that the significance of the public can not be ignored. As we know, every historical incident has its backgrounds. And these background are mostly constituted by the people who lived in that period of time, thus without the support of the society constituted by millions of ordinary people, the history would not be able to exist. So doing historical research can not be separate and isolated, but should combine the backgrounds and the key roles together.
In conclusion, the study of history does not place too much emphasis on individuals, on the contrary, it is the most available way to doing the research; moreover, although it is the millions of the people who give the history space to happen, the famous few are the most valuable targets for the researchers to study. Thus regulated by the contemporary finite resources it is a wise choice to focus on the key persons instead of the numerous masses.
[ Last edited by staralways on 2005-7-16 at 18:09 ]作者: mib912 时间: 2005-7-16 19:13:51
48. "The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."
历史研究过于关注个人。历史上最有意义的事件和潮流能够成为可能不是因为几个少数的名人而是一些身份早就被淡忘的人群 少数和多数，精英和大众
1. 历史对于人群的研究过于宽泛而难以继续，总需要有代表，研究这些代表人物能起到事半功倍的作用。而事实是历史上这些历史人物起到的作用非常之大以至于可以扭转整个时代的命运。希特勒.爱迪生。历史上的事件和潮流，但是真正的导火索往往是一个事件，而事件往往都是有领导者的，这个领导者是关键。不能抓了芝麻漏了西瓜。
2. 历史需要精英，人民需要英雄。没有这些名人luminaries人们的精神寄托将失去。
3. concession。历史失去了群众基础确实就不能称作为历史。任何历史离开了时代背景都不可能发生，而时代背景与群众背景是统一的。
In general, I do not agree with the speaker’s statement that the historical research focuses too much on the celebrities. Although all the historical events could not happen without their backgrounds of the society and time 为什么不把对立面‘群众’直接带出来？, they were always leaded and engendered by only a few of key persons.
Firstly, specific study of history costs of a myriad of time and energy, researches aiming at the populace could hardly last long. On the other hand 有点突兀，no the contrary是不是好些？, the key persons always play a representative role in the events. Studying their lives could tremendously enhance the efficiency of historical researches. Actually, it is acknowledged that these famous persons exerted so significant influence on history that sometimes they reverse the whole situation of their epoch 是习语？没懂。. For example, if Hitler was never born, instead, another German leader who is more sympathy with his people and moderate, the invasion might not happen at all. If Thomas Edison did not invent the lamp we might still have light now, but it is likely that it would appear hundreds of years later and there would be much more people who lived during that period of time have no chance to use lamps. In short, since the luminaries who played a key role in history are the best representatives of the era they lived, it is an effective and efficient way to study them instead of the trivial occurrence and the ordinary people. 段末小结，应该。
这一段没展开。Celebrity的representative作用好象没论证充分。另外，缺乏资料也是历史研究忽视人民群众的一个客观因素，你可以从这方面考虑考虑。
Secondly, history is constituted of numerous incidents and these incidents always had leaders, lacking a leader the participants of these incidents would hardly fine their destination. 这个TS不够简练而且可能还有语法错误，再考虑下。 The people need heroes and the history needs leaders. Undoubtedly, we cannot imagine in the revolutionary ages of China, how the situation would be without the leadership of Mao Zedong, the most talented strategist in Chinese history. Similarly, without President Lincoln, we can not picture the situation of the Civil War either. In one word, leaders are one of the most indispensable parts of history and history would not be history without leaders. Hence, if history study replace of its focus on the leaders, it would not be called “history study” at all.
I concede that the significance of the public can not be ignored. As we know, every historical incident has its backgrounds. And these background are mostly constituted by the people who lived in that period of time, thus without the support of the society constituted by millions of ordinary people, the history would not be able to exist. So doing historical research can not be separate and isolated, but should combine the backgrounds and the key roles together.
我觉得这种让步段落一般放在b1比较好，因为毕竟在转折关系中，后面的咚咚才是重点。
In conclusion, the study of history does not place too much emphasis on individuals, on the contrary, it is the most available way to doing the research; moreover, although it is the millions of the people who give the history space to happen, the famous few are the most valuable targets for the researchers to study. Thus regulated by the contemporary finite resources it is a wise choice to focus on the key persons instead of the numerous masses.