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以下消息有网友从考试中心得到证实。相关的原始消息大家可以察看ETS网站的原文。
SIGH。。。。
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http://www.ets.org/news/02072301.html
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ETS Contact:
Tom Ewing 609-734-1615
E-mail: tewing@ets.org
Paper-Based GRE General Test Returning to Parts of Asia
Princeton, N.J. (Aug. 6, 2002) - In response to security breaches, Educational Testing Service (ETS) announced it will temporarily suspend the computer-based Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) General Test and reintroduce paper-based versions in China, including Hong Kong; Taiwan, China; and Korea, beginning Oct. 1, 2002.
Test takers in these countries will be able to take a paper-based version of the exam on Nov. 23, 2002 and March 15, 2003.
ETS is undertaking the change at the request of the GRE Board, the policy setting body of the examination, following an investigation that uncovered a number of Asian- language Web sites offering questions from live versions of the computer-based GRE General Test. The Web sites included both questions and answers illegally obtained by test takers who memorize and reconstruct questions and share them with other test takers. The Web sites are located in the China and Korea, and easily accessed in Hong Kong and Taiwan.
An extensive investigation covering more than 40 countries showed security breaches occurring only in these areas. Research also indicated that the TOEFL and GMAT tests are unaffected by the security breaches.
The GRE Board and ETS believe the use of paper-based versions of the GRE General Test will restore the validity of scores for students in these countries. Once the paper-based tests are administered they will be retired from use, thereby removing the unfair advantage some students gain by memorizing questions in advance of the test.
"This is an example of how the illegal actions of some students to raise their scores hurt honest test takers," explained John Yopp, vice president of ETS's Graduate and Professional Education Division. "It's a fairness issue. American graduate deans know that Asian students are highly educated and well prepared for study in the United States and they want and value these students on their campuses. Unfortunately, they currently have no way of knowing whether those GRE scores have been earned through hard work and study or illegally through Web sites."
Individuals scheduled to take the computer-based GRE General Test in these areas prior to Oct. 1, 2002, will have the option of transferring to the paper-based administration of the test. Registration details for the paper-based tests will be announced at a later time.
For students concerned that their recent GRE General Test scores will not be considered valid for admission to American higher education, the GRE Board has reaffirmed that admission decisions are not made solely on the basis of test scores. It has reiterated that graduate deans must continue to consider GRE scores as just one part of the admission package submitted by students. Scores on the test will have to be supported by grade transcripts, essays, letters of recommendation from teachers, and other information.
About the GRE Board
The Graduate Record Examinations, first administered in 1937, were an outgrowth project funded by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
The GRE Board consists of 19 appointed members -- four Association of Graduate Schools appointees, four Council of Graduate Schools appointees, and 11 at-large appointees. In addition, the president of CGS is ex officio a member of the board, along with the immediate past chair of the GRE Board. The program is run in consultation with Educational Testing Service. Additional information is available on the GRE Web site at www.gre.org
About ETS
With estimated consolidated revenues of $700 million for FY 2002, Educational Testing Service (ETS) is the world's largest private, nonprofit educational testing and measurement organization and a leader in education research. The company is dedicated to serving the needs of individuals, educational institutions, and government bodies in nearly 200 countries. ETS develops and administers more than 12 million tests worldwide.
ETS also operates two subsidiaries: Chauncey Group International, www.chauncey.com, the leading provider of certification and licensing examinations for professionals, businesses, and government agencies; and ETS Technologies, www.etstechnologies.com, which identifies, develops and deploys innovative technologies in support of online learning and assessment applications.
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http://www.ets.org/news/cbtqa.html 机考改笔考FAQ
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Questions and Answers on GRE CBT Suspension
1) Why are you doing this at this time?
Our decision comes after months of investigation worldwide. We could not make such important decisions without proper investigation. As a result of that investigation, the GRE Board decided to publish a letter cautioning graduate deans that some test scores from China, including Hong Kong; Taiwan, China; and Korea may not be valid. The GRE Board has been forced to take this action to protect the interests of honest test takers in those areas and to protect the integrity of the test itself.
2) Why are you only doing this in these areas?
Our investigation, which included more than 40 countries, showed the suspicious test- score patterns were only occurring in these countries and provinces. This seems to indicates that test takers were memorizing questions and transmitting that information to others. Also, the Web sites containing actual questions from live GRE tests were located in China and Korea, and easily accessed in Hong Kong and Taiwan, China.
3) Whose decision was this?
The GRE Board, the independent body comprising representatives of U.S. graduate schools, instructed ETS to temporarily suspend the computer-based GRE General Test in these regions until test security can be guaranteed. The GRE Board governs the GRE program in matters of policy oversight.
4) What evidence do you have that some students are gaining unfair advantage?
We have identified the offending Web sites and have proof that they have substantial numbers of GRE questions from the computer-based version of the test. In addition, based on the research we conducted, we know many students from these countries are accessing these questions in advance of their CBT test date. Evidence shows that score increases occurred after the GRE questions and answers had become available online. All these factors make it clear that some students are gaining unfair advantage over honest students.
5) What did the investigation show?
The research showed that at the beginning of a testing cycle, i.e. when new test questions are put into the question bank, test takers' scores are within the normal range in each of these countries. However, after time passes, test takers' scores in each of these countries begin to shoot upward in comparison with the beginning of the cycle. The upward score surge begins to occur at exactly the time these Web sites start providing the questions and answers. This provides a clear indication that students' scores are likely to be related to advance information. The investigation also showed the greatest score increases coming on the types of questions that are most often posted on the Web sites.
6) How were these students advantaged? How did these Web sites get these questions?
If students get advance knowledge of both the questions and answers for the test they are about to take, they get an unfair advantage over honest students who studied hard and who have not had advance knowledge of the questions. In most cases, scores based on advance knowledge of questions do not reflect the true verbal, quantitative and analytical reasoning ability of the student. Rather, the inflated scores reflect a student's ability to memorize the questions and answers.
The Web sites containing questions were created by students who had already taken the test, memorized questions and answers, and who then posted them.
7) Why shouldn't test takers be allowed to do this?
First, it is illegal to do this. Students sign an agreement that they will not share any of the questions from the test. By doing this they are breaking the written agreement with ETS and the test's sponsor, the GRE Board. Secondly, students should all have an equal chance to succeed. No one should have an unfair advantage.
8) How did the cheating occur?
The cheating occurs after students leave the test center when they share memorized reconstructions of questions with other test takers.
9) How will students in these countries take the GRE General Test in the future?
Although computer-based GRE General Test administrations in these locations will cease after Sept. 30, 2002, ETS will continue GRE testing with the paper-based version of the test. The paper-based test will be offered on Nov. 23, 2002, and March 15, 2003.
10) Will there be enough testing centers and opportunities for students to take the GRE General Test?
Yes, we are making sure there will be enough testing centers.
11) Will the computer-based GRE General Test return to these countries?
We hope to resume CBT testing in these areas. This will only happen when the GRE Board is confident that we can protect honest test takers from those who seek unfair advantage.
12) How do you know such advance access to test questions isn't happening in other countries?
ETS conducted research covering more than 40 countries. It showed abnormal test- taking and score trends occurring only in China, including Hong Kong; Taiwan, China; and Korea.
13) Just because computer-based General Test scores increase as time goes along doesn't mean people are cheating, does it?
Because the pattern of score increases has repeated itself consistently, beginning with the time new questions were added and rising steadily as more questions were added to the Asian-language Web sites, we were able to link the score increase with advance knowledge of the questions.
14) Why don't you just have the offending Web sites shut down?
Unfortunately, it is very difficult to bring legal actions against Web sites that improperly take ETS's test questions.
15) Can't you sue these companies?
No. As we have learned, bringing lawsuits in other countries is extremely difficult. Moreover, as a nonprofit educational organization, we simply don't have the funds to support ongoing legal actions overseas.
16) Didn't ETS sue a Chinese company called New Oriental School for copyright infringement? How is that case going?
In regard to the lawsuit ETS brought against New Oriental School in China, we hope that the court will protect the security of the ETS tests that are administered in China by awarding us a favorable judgment. However, the decision is not expected for several months.
17) Can't you just cancel the scores of students accessing the Web site?
If we could identify individual test takers accessing the Web sites, we could take such actions as canceling their scores and/or barring them from future testing. However we cannot identify individual test takers, only the number of people visiting the Web sites and the contents of those Web sites.
18) Isn't this a broad action that reflects negatively on all students in these countries?
ETS and the GRE Board realize that Chinese and Korean students are highly motivated, study diligently, and prepare intensely for tests. North American institutions strongly value the work ethic and the intelligence of students in these regions. Unfortunately, when some students are willing to illegally take questions from the tests and share or sell them to others, they create a problem that can only be solved at a broad policy level.
19) How will suspending the computer-based GRE General Test and replacing it with two paper-based administrations address the problem of people gaining an unfair advantage?
Once the paper-based General Test is administered all questions from the test will be retired from use in those countries. There will be no advantage to sharing questions, as the questions will never appear again in a paper test.
20) Could this have been avoided if ETS had provided better preparation materials in these countries?
No. This has nothing to do with how students properly prepare for the test. It's about how dishonest students hurt honest test takers.
21) How many students take the GRE in the affected countries?
Some 41,000 persons take the GRE CBT in China (including 700 in Hong Kong), 5,000 in Taiwan, China, and 9,200 in Korea.
22) When will the computer-based GRE General Test be suspended in these countries?
It will be suspended beginning Oct. 1, 2002.
23) If you know the scores are questionable, why are you waiting until October to suspend the computer-based GRE General Test?
In October, the GRE program will introduce a new Analytical Writing section to the General Test. This will replace the current Analytical section. The students who are scheduled to test between now and the end of September have been preparing for the current version (Verbal, Quantitative, Analytical), not the new version (Verbal, Quantitative and Analytical Writing). It would be unfair to inconvenience these students by switching them to a new test without their consent. Individuals scheduled to take the General Test in China, including Hong Kong; Taiwan, China; and Korea prior to Oct. 1, 2002, will have the option of transferring to the paper-based administration of the test at no charge if they wish.
24) But if graduate deans are suspicious of GRE General Test scores coming from these countries, won't scores earned between now and the end of September be treated as suspicious?
Admission decisions are not made solely on the basis of GRE scores. Graduate deans will continue to consider GRE scores as just one part of the admission package submitted by students. Scores on the test will have to be supported by grade transcripts, essays, letters of recommendation from teachers and other information.
25) Are the TOEFL and the GMAT exams affected by this problem?
Test scores do not have periodic increases for GMAT and TOEFL, as they do with the GRE General Test.
26) Why would this practice not affect other continuously administered tests like the GMAT?
It may be more difficult to memorize GMAT questions than it is to memorize GRE General Test questions.
27) Are you doing anything to ensure this doesn't happen in the future or that this idea will be picked up in other countries?
ETS security closely monitors test takers at centers, score trends, test-taking patterns and continually monitors the Internet to identify security breaches. Our system is very effective and we will continue to implement it worldwide.
28) Who makes up the GRE Board?
The Graduate Record Examinations, first administered in 1937, were an outgrowth project funded by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
The independent GRE Board consists of 19 appointed members -- four Association of Graduate Schools appointees, four Council of Graduate Schools appointees, and eleven at-large appointees. In addition, the president of CGS is ex officio a member of the board, along with the immediate past chair of the GRE Board. The program is run in consultation with Educational Testing Service. Additional information is available on the GRE Web site at www.gre.org
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发信人: hypersonic (^_^), 信区: EnglishTest
标 题: 刚才给考试中心打了电话。。。
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Wed Aug 7 13:19:00 2002)
考试中心说10.1以后的机考全部取消了，具体实行办法过些日子会公布。
我上周才报了2003.1.30的，真是不幸啊。 |
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GO
发表于 2002-8-7 21:30:37
回应
发表于 2002-8-7 21:49:51
发表于 2002-8-8 20:45:50
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