本帖最后由 crazyrobin 于 2013-7-27 17:03 编辑
接上楼逻辑单题第三类
三.文章中两句话用黑体标出，问其作用
写不下了传了个PDF有需要的朋友可以下载
这一楼来分析阅读
Rule No. 1 定位越少越好
这跟很多人的理想阅读方法都相悖。但我认为这是最重要的技巧。GRE考的是什么？考察你大脑加工处理句子的能力，这个怎么可以练出来？长难句+短期记忆力。依赖定位说明文章读的不仔细。我们并不需要注意细节。只需要读出结构。
这里介绍Manhattan LSAT PEAR的方法 （强烈建议在开始阅读时候读完LSAT Strate Guide）
PEAR 也就是 Pause, 读完每个段落停下来， Evaluate, 总结大意，思考此段落的作用。 Anticipate, 预期下一段会讲什么。 Reassess, 读完下一段再对第二步的evaluate进行评估。 读下一段接着继续PEAR 直到全文读完 Reassess全文并清晰了解全文的行文方式和逻辑构思。
每个段落的作用无外乎这几种
background info, one point of view, evidence for supporting this point of view, an experiment, explain a concept, contrast a concept, refute a concept/solution/opinion, argue for an opinion
Rule No. 2 略读跳读等于自杀
很多市面上的阅读文章鼓励GRE2-1-1法则，只看开头和首段第一句，主要依靠定未来做题。这样的劣势在于你定位需要大量时间，全文结构也无法掌握，于是你会用更多的时间定位。这样在30分钟的限制下无异于自杀行为。
Rule No.3 注意到句子之间的结构变化
注意到一些表转折的词， yet, however, but, nonetheless.
表示递进的一些词, moreover, what's more, in addition
比如文章第一段或者第二段提到 " some critics argue that..... " 你知道两句话之内一定会对这个观点提出反驳。这就是GRE出题的节奏。
Rule No. 4 注意到修饰程度的词
注意some, many, most, primarily, none, not any, mostly等等这些词。很有可能infer题就会出在这些词里面
For example
那么我们可以infer什么， 那就是some A are not B right?
举个简单的例子
most people over 50 are obese. 那么我们能infer什么？ some people under 50 are slim, most people over 60 (60是50以上的一个子集)
Infer题出题点多半在一些程度修饰词上
Rule No. 5 睁大眼睛注意到作者态度
文章中会用一些形容词表明作者态度。 随时注意到这些词汇 （花儿39+3阅读里面详细列出了这些词汇）
Rule No. 6 记住名字的位置，某个概念或者某个大写名词/解释的位置
GRE考题随时会考到这些概念
下面我们用一篇文章来分析PEAR的过程
Proust追忆似水年华
Many literary detectives have pored over a great
puzzle concerning the writer Marcel Proust: what
happened in 1909? How did Contre Saint-Beuve,
an essay attacking the methods of the critic Saint-
(5) Beuve, turn into the start of the novel Remembrance
of Things past? A recently published letter form Proust
to the editor Vallette confirms that Fallois, the editor of
the 1954 edition of Contre Saint-Beuve, made an essentially
correct guess about the relationship of the essay
(10) to the novel. Fallois proposed that Proust had tried to
begin a novel in 1908, abandoned it for what was to be
a long demonstration of saint Beuve's blindness to the
real nature of great writing, found the essay giving rise
to personal memories and fictional developments, and
(15) allowed these to take over in a steadily developing novel.
Draft passages in Proust's 1909 notebooks indicate
that the transition from essay to novel began in Contre
Saint-Beuve, when Proust introduced several examples
to show the powerful influence that involuntary memory
(20) exerts over the creative imagination. In effect, in trying
to demonstrate that the imagination is more profound
and less submissive to the intellect than Saint-Beuve
assumed, Proust elicited vital memories of his own
and, finding subtle connections between them, began
(25) to amass the material for Remembrance. By August,
Proust was writing to Vallette, informing him of his
intention to develop the material as a novel. Mauice
Bardèche, in Marcel Proust, romancier has shown the
importance in the drafts of Remembrance of sponta-
(30) neous and apparently random associations of Proust's
subconscious. As incidents and reflections occurred to
Proust, he continually inserted new passages altering
and expanding his narrative. But he found it difficult
to control the drift of his inspiration. The very richness
(35) and complexity of the meaningful relationships that kept
presenting and rearranging themselves on all levels, from
abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings, made
it difficult for Proust to set them out coherently. The
beginning of control came when he saw how to
(40) connect the beginning and the end of his novel.
Intrigued by Proust's claim that he had “begun and
finished” Remembrance at the same time, Henri Bonnet
discovered that parts of Remembrance's last book were
actually started in 1909. Already in that year, Proust
(45) had drafted descriptions of his novel's characters in
their old age that would appear in the final book of
Remembrance, where the permanence of art is set against
the ravages of time. The letter to Vallette, drafts of the
essay and novel, and Bonnet's researches establish in
(50) broad outline the process by which Proust generated his
novel out of the ruins of his essay. But those of us who
hoped, with Kolb, that Kolb's newly published complete
edition of Proust's correspondence for 1909 would document
the process in greater detail are disappointed. For
(55) until Proust was confident that he was at last in sight of a
viable structure for Remembrance, he told few correspondents
that he was producing anything more ambitious
than Contre Saint-Beuve.
21．The passage is primarily concerned with
(A) the role of involuntary memory in Proust's writing.
(B) evidence concerning the genesis of Proust's novel Remembrance of Things Past.
(C) conflicting scholarly opinions about the value of studying the drafts of R
emembrance of Things Past.
(D) Proust's correspondence and what it reveals about Remembrance of Things Past.
(E) the influence of Saint-Beuve's criticism on Proust's novel Remembrance of
Things Past.
22．It can be inferred from the passage that all of the
following are literary detectives who have tried, by
means of either scholarship or criticism, to help
solve the “great puzzle” mentioned in lines 1-2
EXCEPT
(A) Bardeche
(B) Bonnet
(C) Fallois
(D) Kolb
(E) Vallette
23．According to the passage, in drafts of Contre Saint-
Beuve Proust set out to show that Sain-Beuve made
which of the following mistakes as a critic?
Ⅰ. Saint-Beuve made no effort to study the development of a novel thro
ugh its drafts and revisions.
Ⅱ. Saint-Beuve assigned too great a role in the
creative process to a writer's conscious intellect.
Ⅲ. Saint-Beuve concentrated too much on
plots and not enough on imagery and other
elements of style.
(A) Ⅱ only
(B) Ⅲ only
(C) ⅠandⅡonly
(D) Ⅰand Ⅲ only
(E) Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ
24．Which of the following best states the author's attitude toward the i
nformation that scholars have gathered about Proust's writing 1909?
(A) The author is disappointed that no new documents have come to light
since Fallois's speculations.
(B) The author is dissatisfied because there are too
many gaps and inconsistencies in the drafts.
(C) The author is confident that Fallois's 1954 guess
has been proved largely correct, but regrets
that still more detailed documentation concerning Proust's transition from the e
ssay to the novel has not emerged.
(D) The author is satisfied that Fallois's judgment
was largely correct, but feels that Proust's early work in designing and writing
the novel was probably far more deliberate than Fallois's description of the
process would suggest.
(E) The author is satisfied that the facts of Proust's
life in 1909 have been thoroughly established,
but believes such documents as drafts and
correspondence are only of limited value in
a critical assessment of Proust's writing.
25．The author of the passage implies that which of the
following would be the LEAST useful source of
information about Proust's transition from working
on Contre Saint-Beuve to having a viable structure
for Remembrance of Things Past?
(A) Fallois's comments in the 1954 edition of
Contre Saint-Beuve.
(B) Proust's 1909 notebooks, including the drafts of
Remembrance of Things Past.
(C) Proust's 1909 correspondence, excluding the
letter to Vallette.
(D) Bardeche's Marcel Proust, romancier.
(E) Bonnet's researches concerning Proust's drafts
of the final book of Remembrance of Things Past.
26．The passage offers information to answer which of
the following questions?
(A) Precisely when in 1909 did Proust decide to
abandon Contre Saint-Beuve?
(B) Precisely when in 1909 did Proust decide to
connect the beginning and the end of
Remembrance of Things Past?
(C) What was the subject of the novel that Proust
attempted in 1908?
(D) What specific criticisms of Saint-Beuve appear,
in fictional form, in Remembrance of Things Past?
(E) What is a theme concerning art that appears in the final book of Remembran
ce of Things Past
27．Which of the following best describes the relation
ship between Contre Saint-Beuve and Remembrance
of Things Past as it is explained in passage?
(A) Immediately after abandoning Contre SaintBeuve,
at Vallette's suggestion, Proust started
Remembrance as a fictional demonstration
that Saint-Beuve was wrong about the imagination.
(B) Immediately after abandoning Contre Saint-Beuve, at Vallette's suggesti
on, Proust turned his attention to Remembrance, starting with incidents that
had occurred to him while planning the essay.
(C) Despondent that he could not find a coherent structure for Contre Saint-B
euve, an essay about the role of memory in fiction, Proust began inst
ead to write Remembrance, a novel devoted to important early memor
ies.
(D) While developing his argument about the imagination in Contre Saint-Beuve
, Proust described and began to link together personal memories that became a
foundation for Remembrance.
(E) While developing his argument about memory and imagination in Contre Saint
-Beuve, Proust created fictional characters to embody the abstract themes in
his essay.
Give yourself about 9 minute on this passge.
我们一起来读
Many literary detectives have pored over a great
puzzle concerning the writer Marcel Proust: what
happened in 1909?（注意开始处理这些信息，detectives are asking what happened in 1909)
How did Contre Saint-Beuve,
an essay attacking the methods of the critic Saint-
(5) Beuve, turn into thestart of the novel Remembrance
of Things past? (这里注意三个大写，CSB SB RoT三部作品，加工处理后变为CSB从攻击SB方法的作品变成了RoT的一部分）
A recently published letter form Proust
to the editor Vallette confirms that Fallois, theeditor of
the 1954 edition of Contre Saint-Beuve, made an essentially
correct guess about the relationship of the essay
(10) to the novel. （三个名字 P, V, F, P writes to V, andthe letter confirms F guesses it the about the relationship between CSB SB RoT)
Fallois proposed that Proust had tried to
begin a novel in 1908, abandoned it for what was tobe
a long demonstration of saint Beuve's blindness tothe
real nature of great writing, found the essay giving rise
to personal memories and fictional developments, and
(15) allowed these to take over in a steadily developing novel.
这是长难句的一句话，F thinks P started his novel in 1908, deserted a tradition of SB (这个tradition是 blindness to the true nature，这里有疑问，什么是 true nature,为什么SB会ignore这个nature) and included personal memories and fictional developments and make it a steadily traits.
到这里Pause 思考这段话讲了什么，首先提出现象，detectives好奇1909发生了什么， 作品关系放生了转变，注意到这几个名字的位置， P, V, F
Anticipiate下一段会讲上一段我们的疑问，也就是为什么SB ignore writing nature.
继续下一段
Draft passages in Proust's 1909 notebooks indicate
that the transition from essay to novel began inContre
Saint-Beuve, when Proust introduced several examples
to show the powerful influence that involuntary memory
(20) exerts over the creative imagination. (这句话很多抽象词，P 1909年开始这种转变，这时候P展示了involuntary memoey exert over-这个意思是影响 imagination)
In effect, in trying
to demonstrate that the imagination is more profound
and less submissive to the intellect thanSaint-Beuve
assumed, Proust elicited vital memories of his own
and, finding subtle connections between them, began
(25) to amass the material for Remembrance. （读到这里会心一笑，有没有啊哈moment,回答了上文问题，因为SB submissive to intellect，所以P开始了转变，另外这种比较级多半是考题）
By August,
Proust was writing to Vallette, informing him of his
intention to develop the material as a novel. Mauice
Bardèche（名字）, in Marcel Proust, romancier has shown the
importance in the drafts of Remembrance of sponta-
(30) neous and apparently random associations of Proust's
subconscious. （这里通过P给V写信证实了这种转变）
As incidents and reflections occurred to
Proust, he continually inserted new passage saltering
and expanding his narrative. But he found itdifficult
to control the drift of his inspiration. （你这里知道下一句一定会解释这个问题，why? Becaue it's GRE passage.）
The very richness
(35) and complexity of the meaningful relationships that kept
presenting and rearranging themselves on all levels,from
abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings,made
it difficult for Proust to set them out coherently.(果然解释了这个问题，因为complexity relationship.)
The beginning of control came when he saw how to
(40) connect the beginning and the end of his novel. (停，这里又为下一段开了一个喙头。How P controls this)
到这里继续Pause， Evaluate这一段，回答上段问题，指明原因，Anticipate下一段会解释P怎么控制这种关系的。
继续下一段
Intrigued by Proust's claim that he had “begun and
finished” Remembrance at the same time, Henri Bonnet (名字）
discovered that parts of Remembrance's last book were
actually started in 1909. （interesting,继续读）
Already in that year, Proust
(45) had drafted descriptions of his novel's characters in
their old age that would appear in the final book of
Remembrance, where the permanence of art is set against
the ravages of time. The letter to Vallette, drafts of the
essay and novel, and Bonnet's research esestablish in
(50) broad outline the process by which Proust generated his
novel out of the ruins of his essay. （到这里为止，我们没有猜中，这里讲了P RoT的写作时间）
But （转折） those of us who
hoped, with Kolb, that Kolb's newly published complete
edition of Proust's correspondence for 1909 would （看到这个词你知道下面一定会是一句转折的话）
document the process in greater detail are disappointed.(bingo,转折的写出了“我们很失望”）
For
(55) until Proust was confident that he was at last in sight of a
viable structure for Remembrance, he told few （注意modifier）correspondents
that he was producing anything more ambitious
than Contre Saint-Beuve.
Pause & Reassess 全篇以SB到RoT关系为线索，引出 P转变的原因，同时指出P写作RoT的时间。 作者态度？ Objective, 客观的。但是结尾处表达了 disappointed, 认为K的作品并未详细document这个过程。
做题时间
21．The passage is primarilyconcerned with (主旨题）
(A) the role of involuntary memory in Proust's writing. 错误，这是第一段细节。
(B) evidence concerning the genesis of Proust's novel Remembrance of ThingsPast. (looks good, keep it)
(C) conflicting scholarly opinions about the value of studying the drafts of R
emembrance of Things Past. （conflicting?错误，原文没有体现）
(D) Proust's correspondence and what it reveals about Remembrance of ThingsPast. （错，第三段细节，另外Correspondence也没有reveal RoT)
(E) the influence of Saint-Beuve's criticism on Proust's novel Remembrance of
Things Past. 错误P是主动从开始这个转变过程，这个选项表达的意思是 critics对 SB的批评对于RoT有着影响。
让我们来看看B为什么是对的。第一段提出转变的，第二段回答转变原因，第三段指出转变时间。于是 evidence (众人的评价， P写的信，KB establish的内容） about genesis of P's RoT，本题选项当之无愧。
22．It can be inferred fromthe passage that all of the
following are literary detectives who have tried, by
means of either scholarship or criticism, to help
solve the “great puzzle” mentioned in lines 1-2 （如果之前你读了第一段便知道这个puzzle是P的转变）这题是infer题，另外出现了5个名字，Rule No. 6 记住名字的位置，某个概念或者某个大写名词/解释的位置
(A) Bardeche（排除第二段）
(B) Bonnet （排除第三段）
(C) Fallois（排除第一段）
(D) Kolb（not sure）
(E) Vallette （not sure）
于是我们只需要定位两处，K最后一段， Kolb's newly publishedcomplete
edition of Proust's correspondence for 1909 would document
the process in greater detail are disappointed
这里K没有详细记录detail，但是K帮助了解决这个puzzle，也便是这个转变过程。排除，只剩 E 我们来验证E，根据记忆力V有两处，第一段，P给V写信确定F，第三段P给V的信，回原文
A recently published letter form Proust
to the editor Vallette confirms that Fallois, the editorof
the 1954 edition of Contre Saint-Beuve
V在这里什么作用也没有。下一处的letter同样是这句话。因此E
23．According to the passage, in drafts of Contre Saint-
Beuve Proust set out to show that Sain-Beuve made
which of the following mistakes as a critic? （这是第二段回答第一段的问题）细节题但是完全不用定位的细节题。
Ⅰ. Saint-Beuve made no effort to study thedevelopment of a novel thro
ugh its drafts and revisions. 看到一个很强烈的modifier No，没影响。文章无从考证。
Ⅱ. Saint-Beuve assigned too great a role in the
creative process to a writer's conscious intellect. 正确，这正回答了第一段提出的疑问（我们完全不需要定位）
Ⅲ. Saint-Beuve concentrated too much on
plots and not enough on imagery and other
elements of style. 错，文章没有提到plot和 imagery element，同时注意modifier too much
(A) Ⅱ only -正确选项
(B) Ⅲ only
(C) ⅠandⅡonly
(D) Ⅰand Ⅲ only
(E) Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ
24．Which of the following best statesthe author's attitude toward the i
nformation that scholars have gathered about Proust's writing 1909? 态度题，最后一段
(A) The author is disappointed that no new documents have come to light
since Fallois's speculations. 无稽之谈，F之后很多人establish，证实了转变。F只是guess了而已。
(B) The author is dissatisfied because there are too
many gaps and inconsistencies in the drafts. 无稽之谈，对P的gaps作者完全没评价。
(C) The author is confident that Fallois's 1954 guess
has been proved largely correct, but regrets
that still more detailed documentation concerning Proust's transition from thee
ssay to the novel has not emerged. 正确 P B K这三个人串起了这个答案。
(D) The author is satisfied that Fallois's judgment
was largely correct, but feels that Proust's early work in designing andwriting
the novel was probably far more deliberate than Fallois's description of the
process would suggest.无稽之谈，作者对P的作品并未评价。
(E) The author is satisfied that the facts of Proust's
life in 1909 have been thoroughly established,
but believes such documents as drafts and
correspondence are only of limited value in
a critical assessment of Proust's writing.完全错误 thoroughly establish无从论证。 后一句 correspondence是否是limited value我们也不得而知。
25．The author of the passage implies that which of the
following would be the LEAST useful source of
information about Proust's transition from working
on Contre Saint-Beuve to having a viable structure
for Remembrance of Things Past? 通篇infer题，这种题考察每个段落的evaluate能力，排除法
(A) Fallois's comments in the 1954 edition of
Contre Saint-Beuve. （looks good）
(B) Proust's 1909 notebooks, including the drafts of
Remembrance of Things Past. （looks good）
(C) Proust's 1909 correspondence, excluding the
letter to Vallette. 定位在最后一句话，回看遍知是错误的。P tells few 因此这个完全没有可靠性。正确答案。
(D) Bardeche's Marcel Proust, romancier. （looks good）
(E) Bonnet's researches concerning Proust's drafts
of the final book of Remembrance of Things Past. （looks good）
26．The passage offers informationto answer which of
the following questions? 比较难的问题，全篇定位题，依然是排除法。
(A) Precisely when in 1909 did Proust decide to
abandon Contre Saint-Beuve? 第一段，precisely，不知道 排除 （注意如果我没写定位的就不用定位，这些都是短期记忆）
(B) Precisely when in 1909 did Proust decide to
connect the beginning and the end of
Remembrance of Things Past? 这个看起来不错。
(C) What was the subject of the novel that Proust
attempted in 1908? huh 1908？第一段讲P抛弃了SB，但是主题？不知道排除。
(D) What specific (modifier) criticisms of Saint-Beuve appear,
in fictional form, in Remembrance of Things Past? 我们只知道P抛弃了SB的写作手法，但是SB对RoT的影响我们完全不知道，排除。
(E) What is a theme concerning art that appears in the final book of Remembran
ce of Things Past 最后一段保留
回去定位BE二个选项
B presisely不知道，排除。
只剩下E，第三段
Proust
(45)had drafted descriptions of his novel's characters in
their old age that would appear in the final book of
Remembrance, where the permanence of art is set against
the ravages of time
Theme便是 permannence against ravages 正确答案。
27．Which of the following bestdescribes the relationship between Contre Saint-Beuve and Remembrance
of Things Past as it is explained in passage? SB和RoTrelationship题，也是全篇的核心
(A) Immediately after abandoning Contre SaintBeuve,
at Vallette's suggestion, Proust started
Remembrance as a fictional demonstration
that Saint-Beuve was wrong about the imagination. 错误V没有作用
(B) Immediately after abandoning Contre Saint-Beuve, at Vallette's suggesti
on, Proust turned his attention to Remembrance, starting with incidents that
had occurred to him while planning the essay. 明显错误。V没有任何作用。gone
(C) Despondent that he could not find a coherent structure for Contre Saint-B
euve, an essay about the role of memory in fiction, Proust began inst
ead to write Remembrance, a novel devoted to important early memor 第二段 looks good
ies.
(D) While developing his argument about the imagination in Contre Saint-Beuve
, Proust described and began to link together personal memories that became a
foundation for Remembrance. 保留 looks good.
(E) While developing his argument about memory and imagination in Contre Saint
-Beuve, Proust created fictional characters to embody the abstract themes in
his essay. abstract themes无法得知。上问我们知道themes是 permannence against ravages 但这是否abstract，排除。
剩下 CD
回去定位C在第二段Despondent完全无稽之谈，这里没有表达P的任何态度。eliminate
于是只剩 D
验证
Proust introduced several examples
to show the powerfulinfluence that involuntary memory
(20) exerts over the creative imagination. In effect, in trying
to demonstrate that the imagination is more profound
and less submissive to the intellect than Saint-Beuve
assumed, Proust elicitedvital memories of his own
and, finding subtle connections between them, began
(25) to amass the material for Remembrance
于是D得到验证。
P elicite memories of his ownand find the connection.
关于长阅读，推荐3分30s读文章，3-4分钟做题。
短阅读推荐2分钟读文章，2分钟做题。
最后说一下关于36套，No+国内题和陈圣元句子填空的使用方法。
36套件做两遍，第一遍是在开始阅读时候。主要做7套
第二遍是在No+国内题已经做完之后这一遍推荐计时检验自己速度和正确率
No+国内题一共196篇文章，我自己做了4遍。推荐有时间的同学做2-3遍。并且不断加量。GRE本身是一个考验体力的活因此在底下训练就要锻炼耐力。建议最终目标每天16篇。
陈圣元句子填空建议做3遍。
第一遍是在背完单词，这个时候主要是巩固单词同时对句子之间逻辑结构有一定认识。
第二遍建议在拿下阅读之后做。重点练迅速破题能力，哪些词是关键词(比如 therefore, however, nonetheless这些标志性词语） ，哪些是入手点（比如强对比，程度递进，并注意总结这些用法)
第三遍可以在考前一个月做。这这遍的练习是最重要的，练习在句子不完整的情况下读出句子的大意，并且有一个大的概念。这次练习读三遍句子，1读大意，2，选词，3再读一遍句子保证句子通顺。然后果断下一题。如果错题，总结错误类型，比如马虎/没读懂/单词障碍
写在最后的话，这篇备考经验贴总算写完了。
下面有几个Q&A
Q:红宝和3000到底应该先背哪个？
A：这是一个仁者见仁智者见智的问题。那个都可以
Q:36套和No+国内题哪个好？
A：一样好，推荐两个都做1-2遍左右。
Q：陈圣元句子填空怎么用？
A: 上面一遍法则。
Q: 如何总结错题
A: 参见1楼 Indicating Your Confidence in Your Answer部分。
Q:GRE单词好难背怎么办？
A:只有背。没有别的办法。
:lol
谢幕，如果你看到这里了，不妨再往下看一点。
今天的汗水便是你明天的微笑。加油！
最后的最后
关于单词
这次考试中出现了很多红宝书和3000中没有出现的单词，比如irenic, shorn, 这些我都是在平常aldaily中见到的。因此如果有时间一定要阅读。
这里推荐一本书给大家 The Joy Of Reading. 作者是Columbia University的教授。
感谢阅读，祝大家备考顺利！
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发表于 2013-3-9 16:49:57
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发表于 2013-3-9 16:54:16
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