[未归类] 明天就考了，希望各位能给个分，谢谢，一个字都没动，完全模考，题目是随机选的 [复制链接]

yuemingjushi
UID: 2108406

初级会员

Rank: 3 Rank: 3

声望: 0
寄托币: 727
注册时间: 2005-6-12
精华: 0
帖子: 0

电梯直达

楼主

发表于 2005-8-25 13:29:26 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

185. The following appeared in a letter from the owner of the Sunnyside Towers apartment building to its manager.

"One month ago, all the showerheads on the first five floors of Sunnyside Towers were modified to restrict the water flow to approximately 1/3 of its original force. Although actual readings of water usage before and after the adjustment are not yet available, the change will obviously result in a considerable savings for Sunnyside Corporation, since the corporation must pay for water each month. Except for a few complaints about low water pressure, no problems with showers have been reported since the adjustment. Clearly, restricting water flow throughout all the 20 floors of Sunnyside Towers will increase our profits further."

===============================================

In this argument, the arguer suggest a restriction in the water flow in all 20 floors of Sunnyside Towers, on the expectation to increase their profits. To support his argument, the arguer cites the fact that after they carried out this strategy, few problems have ever been discovered. However, this argument, though well presented, is not a persuasive one, since it suffers from some aspects of logical errors, as discussed below.

First of all, this argument relies on the prerequisite that residents living on the first five floors use showerheads as frequently as before. However, the arguer fails to provide any strong evidences to demonstrate that it is the case. Maybe resident find that the water flow are so low that they have to use it more often in order to guarantee adequate showers. Moreover, they are more likely to use the showerheads longer in each time. And the arguer fails to read the amount of water residents have used because the apparatus of recording water usage suffers from some errors.

Secondly, the arguer says that there are only a few complaints aroused during this month and then concludes that this strategy receives welcome. However, this conclusion is invalid. Maybe one month is too short for residents to find any change in their showerheads and they just continue using showerheads more frequently. And the fact that there are still some complaints aroused only during one month's time might suggests that residents begin to complain now. Then whether this strategy is welcomed is open to doubt.

In the third place, the arguer assumes unfairly that restricting all 20 floors' water flow will also provoke few complaints. However, he again present no evidences to substantiate this assertion. Even granted that residents of the first five floors could hardly perceive any change in the water flow, it is largely possible the change of all 20 floors would appear to be obvious, and the residents living in the higher floors are more difficult to serve thus complain as soon as possible. In short, the argument's assertion is a weak one.

Last but not the least, even confessing that they would receive no complaints after the adjustment, it is difficult to reach the conclusion that they can undoubtedly increase their profits. No analysis concerning the cost of this adjustment is presented. Maybe the cost of such strategy is so high that it is better to maitain the original water flow. And we cannot neglect the possibility that some residents would move out because they do not like the adjustment. All the possibilities could actually undermine the argument.

In summury, this argument, since suffers from so many critical flaws, is not well reasoned as it stands. To strengthen it, the arguer should fix the apparatus to get some ideas of the total water used by the residents. For us to better evaluate the argument, we need more detailed information concerning the attitudes of residents towards this adjustment.

Total Words: 491

Saving Time: 2005-8-25 12:14:42

80. "All students should be required to take courses in the sciences, even if they have no interest in science."

===============================================

I strongly suggest that all of us take courses in the sciences, because we can benefit a lot from the study of sciences. From studying sciences, we can perceive things on a higher level, as well as obtaining useful methodologies which can necessarily help us pursue our individual interests even there are people who do not like sciences.

To begin with, I would like to emphasis that studying on sciences help us to understand the world in a deeper and comprehensible manner. Technology innovations, as fruit of the development, or explode which we may say, of sciences, have pervaded into nearly every aspects of our quotidian life. In order to master our life and adapt to daily life more effectively, people should be taught the basic achievements of sciences. We have to master the use of computers, which would possibly be a basic skill to survive in the future. Without knowledge of physics, one are less likely to understand the insteresting phenomenon around him or her thus appreciate less the colorful life. In short, the accomplishment of sciences benefit us a lot in our everyday life.

Secondly, we can benefit a lot from not only the accomplishment of sciences, but also the methodologies of sciences. And I think one of the most significant things people can gain from a certain discipline is its methodology. From the methodology, we understand a way of critical and original thinking, which than entitle us to perceive other things with similar methods. And referring to human history, one can appreciatorily discover that it is methodology that propel the development of various disciplines thus push the history forward. Take the famous Italy artist Da Vinci for example, he had successfully applied theories of science subjects to the creating of arstistical works and achieved immortal fame.
As a result, methodology is another significant thing we can obtain from the study of sciences.

Additionally, even for those who major in social subjects, the fruit of studying sciences can benefit them a lot. Considering the fact that nearly every disciplines today calls for knowledge and experience of outsiders, we can find lots of such examples. Anthropologists, who always investigate into the cultures of different people, desire for the knowledge of technology in order to understand the science achievement of those people. Another more conrete example involves archaeology, in which modern chemical knowledge are largely introduced. Archaeologists want to know more detailed information of some secrect events, and then have to restort to the help of sciences when sciences are competent to help them coincidently.

Admittedly, a considerable number of people hate the study of sciences, because it is science subjects that contribute to so many accidents of failure in examinations. I concede it is true. However, on the other hand, perhaps it is the fact that they do not get a entirely comprehension of the impact of science and consider it a thing that could have little relationship with their life. Such illusions can be effectively diminished if they continue to study hard on the science subjects. And if they become more and more aware of the significance of sciences, their interests may arouse. At that time, less complaints would appear. Interests can be effectively cultivated through after-born study.

To draw a conclusion, I agree with the speaker's assertion that all students should be taught the knowledge of sciences, since sciences are of great importance both in daily lives and in future, and sciences can actually enhance their study in other fields. As a matter of fact, human history depends largely on the development on sciences.

Total Words: 598

Saving Time: 2005-8-25 11:43:40