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电梯直达

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发表于 2007-8-3 05:07:04 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

76 The following appeared as part of an article in a health and beauty magazine.
"A group of volunteers participated in a study of consumer responses to the new Luxess face cream. Every morning for a month, they washed their faces with mild soap and then applied Luxess. At the end of that month, most volunteers reported a marked improvement in the way their skin looked and felt. Thus it appears that Luxess is truly effective in improving the condition of facial skin."
一组志愿者参加了一项关于消费者对新的Luxess面霜的反应的调查。在一个月中的每个早晨，他们都用柔和香皂洗脸然后使用Luxess。一个月之后，多数志愿者报告说他们皮肤的观感显著改善。因此，这说明Luxess对于改善面部皮肤状况确实有效。

In the argument above, the arguer recommends that Luxess is truly effective in improving the condition of facial skin to make the deduction more clearly; conclusion could be divided into following sub-ones.
1 A group of volunteers participated in a study of consumer responses to the new Luxess face cream
2 Every morning for a month, they washed their faces with mild soap and then applied Luxess.
3 At the end of that month, most volunteers reported a marked improvement in the way their skin looked and felt.
From the first evidence, from the study quoted in the argument, any reader would have a question in mind whether the volunteer could be representative of the overall group of consumers. we find no sign of such procedure for randomly sampling, and have good reasons to doubt if the sample is representative enough to reflect the general consumer as a whole. The author told us nothing about how large was the sample? And what procedure was used? So the study is misleadingly vague.

Consider the second evidence, the arguer just show us only a month period .Only one month is not to represent the whole time? They did not attest the situation before or after this month. Even if the situation is the same, the consumer use mild soap and then applied Luxess. It is another situation exist, perhaps the mild soap make function but not the Luxess. The author failed to establish the causal relationship between the improvement of facial skin's condition and the use of Luxess It is possible that it is the mild soap used every day attributes to the result of enhancing of facial skin, rather than the effectiveness of Luxess cream. It is also possible that it is the product used in other times that leads to the result, since the respondents only uses Luxess in the morning.

Study the third evidence, the arguer also fails to show us the enough evidence. The skin looked and felt can not represent the condition of facial skin .The skin looked and felt just a part of the condition of facial skin. Perhaps the face seems to change as the respondents’ observation and feeling, but there is a good chance the skin is not improved at all or even become worst, owning to the use of chemical cream. So the conclusion drawn by the author is unfair.

To sum up, the conclusion lacks of credibility .Regardless of who the author is, he or she has overlooked or chosen to ignore many aspects of his or her conclusion. To strengthen the conclusion, the author should give more evidences about the above-mentioned possibilities.

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