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发表于 2013-6-10 16:34:03
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本帖最后由 crazyrobin 于 2013-6-10 21:36 编辑
Task 4 & Task 6 - Academic Lecture
Task 4
Task 4是口语中最难得一道题,因为涉及到一个学术概念,听力中教授用一个例子说明了这个概念。
答题要点:
① 概念定义,用自己的话说明某个概念,技巧:看到诸如 “this is known as”, “this is referred to as”, “this is called”, “people call this”, “people refer to this as”等类似表达的时候 , 此表达的前边一句话 , 很可能便是阅读中概念的定义句 .
② 例子
③ 说明这个例子和概念的关系,这也是很多同学4题只能拿到Fair的原因,因为少了这句话。
注意事项:
① 概念只需要一句话就可以, 用时保证在10-15s
② 例子只需要summary便可以,不用引用过多细节。适当加入小细节可以展示获取信息能力,但是矫枉过正就得不偿失了
③ 一定要简单概括这个例子和概念的关系
④ 如果听力部分的例子中出现专有名词(如植物名和动物名), 可以用诸如 a kind of plant和 a kind of bird之类的短语表达 , 不会说专有名词不会造成扣分
⑤ 想要口语高分一定要用自己的话来总结概念和例子,同时说出例子和概念的关系。
以下面这道题为例
Perceptual Constancy
How an object affects our senses depends in part on external conditions, and these conditions are always changing. An object viewed from one angle presents a different shape to our eyes than when viewed from another angle; similarly, as the distance from which we view an object changes, the object will appear larger or smaller. In spite of this, even as conditions change and we see objects differently, we still recognize that they remain the same. This is what is known as perceptual constancy. If not for perceptual constancy, we might have difficulty recognizing familiar objects if we viewed them in a new and different context.
你会听到以下听力内容:
从 This is what is known as perceptual constancy.我们知道前面一句话就是 Perceptual constancy的定义, even as conditions change and we see objects differently, we still recognize that they remain the same
例子中教授举了两个例子
1) kitchen plate角度不同,一个circle, 一个 oval
2) 在教室距离不一样,professor看起来体积不一样。
最重要的第三步便是来说明这个例子如何来支持这个概念的。
1)The first example shows that the shape of the plate changes, but because of the concept of perceptual constancy, we don’t think we have two plates
2) The second example shows that although the professor seems to have different sizes in the two situations, again, because of perceptual constancy, we know he’s the same person.
于是我们有了下面的答案:
Task 6 - Academic Lecture
目前托福口语Task 6的几种考法
1. 解决一个问题的两个方案
2. 一个物体或方法的两种使用方法
3. 一个过程的两个步骤
4. 一个原因导致的两个现象
5. 一个后果产生的两个原因
6. 一个概念的两种定义
答题要点:
① 5个点
1) 教授在讨论的主题
2) 教授讨论的主题的第一个方面
3) 第一个方面的例子
4) 教授讨论的主题的第二个方面
5) 第二个方面的例子
② 总结听力中的例子时候应该抓住最核心的要点
注意事项:
① 想获得高分一定要用自己的话转述
② 如果听力部分的例子中出现专有名词(如植物名和动物名), 可以使用诸如 a kind of plant和 a kind of bird之类的短语表达
下面以 TPO 2 Task 6为例
听力内容:
听完内容后会注意到以下5个点
1.The professor is discussing two different definitions of money.
2.A broad definition of money is anything that can be used to make purchases with.
3.For example, people might give a taxi driver coins or bills, or even vegetables for a ride.
4.A narrower definition of money is something that must be accepted as payment, legal tender.
5.For example, a taxi driver must accept coins and bills, but he does not have to accept vegetables, because vegetables are not legal tender in the U.S.
于是我们有了以下答案:
The professor is talking about two different definitions of money. A broad definition of money is anything that can be used to make purchases with. For example, people might give a taxi driver coins or bills for a ride. If they don’t have coins or bills, they may even use vegetables as a form of money to purchase the service, I mean, the ride. A narrower definition of money is something that must be accepted as payment, in a more formal way, legal tender. For example, a taxi driver must accept coins and bills because they are legal tender in the U.S., however, he does not have to accept vegetables, because he is not required by the law to do this.
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