15年6月4日同主题练习 -Argument 14

skywongchiuUID: 3261705

14) The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.
A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night.
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

相关argument：118
请根据指引列出提纲并点评楼上组员的提纲或直接回帖参与讨论。

14题的示范在博客90楼，点击这里查看。

skywongchiuUID: 3261705

請求老師點評

一、分析题目中的Argument，按照上面的范例，列出claim、data并解释连接claim和data的warrant。
(一)Claim: to hire those executives requiring no more than 6 hours of sleeping can facilitate the company growth     
(二)Data或evidence:
(1) Advertising firm study pointed out that there is a relationship between advertising executives’ performance and advertising executive’s sleeping habit
(2) Executive staffs- including male and female – who require less than 6 hours sleeping time is more productive than the rest of employees
(3) Those companies that plan to prosper should hire employees who require no more than 6-hour sleeping  
（三）Warrant:
1. data(1)只是調查了300員工(包括男女), 這300人很有可能不能代表其他員工（不充分条件）
2. data(2)里簡單的論說睡眠時間和生產能力相關, 沒有有力証明和 其他原因可能影響員工生產力）
3. data(3)沒有有力証明其他公司可以得到幫助(作者單方面以單一例子論說所有其他例子)

二、根据题目的要求列出提纲以及描述要讨论的主要内容:
The speaker argue that in order to improve the business performance, it is important for those companies to hire the staff who only require a few hours – no more than 6 hours per day – to sleep. However, having had a deliberation consideration for the relationship between these two variables, I find that the argument made by the speaker is not convincing. The reasons are stated as follows.


Ts1
To begin with, the speaker relied on the research conducted by an advertising company to support his or her argument. However, it seems to me that the research might not be trustable. 我們不知道廣告公司是用random sampling or not, 所以我們不知說這份調查是否客觀和可信。

Ts2
Even if the advertising company randomly selected the participant to approach the study, it does not mean that the author is making a sound reasoning. 因為調查報告可能提及一共有幾種原因 – 包括學歷 – 影響員工的生產力。作者只是抽其中一個點來論說。

Ts3
Thirdly, the author assumes that the quality and the performance of the executive determined the company performant. 可以作者沒有清楚交代executive staffs 在公司的解色和功用。同一時間, 作考完全不理會其他員工對公司增長的付出。

skywongchiuUID: 3261705

請求老師點評

  

tesolchinaUID: 2191404

skywongchiu 发表于 2014-11-5 14:20
請求老師點評

一、分析题目中的Argument，按照上面的范例，列出claim、data并解释连接claim和data的warr ...

14.A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
相关argument：不太清楚 (應該沒有相同的)
请根据指引列出提纲并点评楼上组员的提纲或直接回帖参与讨论。

本帖最后由 skywongchiu 于 2014-11-5 14:21 编辑
这道题和118类似 请编辑一下原帖

請求老師點評

一、分析题目中的Argument，按照上面的范例，列出claim、data并解释连接claim和data的warrant。
(一)Claim: to hire those executives requiring no more than 6 hours of sleeping can facilitate the company growth
(二)Data或evidence:
(1) Advertising firm study pointed out that there is a relationship between advertising executives’ performance and advertising executive’s sleeping habit
(2) Executive staffs- including male and female – who require less than 6 hours sleeping time is more productive than the rest of employees

你这个data在原文中没有出现
staff不可数

(3) Those companies that plan to prosper should hire employees who require no more than 6-hour sleeping

这个不是data



（三）Warrant:
1. data(1)只是調查了300員工(包括男女), 這300人很有可能不能代表其他員工（不充分条件）
2. data(2)里簡單的論說睡眠時間和生產能力相關, 沒有有力証明和 其他原因可能影響員工生產力）
3. data(3)沒有有力証明其他公司可以得到幫助(作者單方面以單一例子論說所有其他例子)

warrant的概念你没弄清楚 去看一下我的博客的有关解释


Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
题目要求是讨论需要什么证据
你的提纲应该讨论需要哪几方面的证据


二、根据题目的要求列出提纲以及描述要讨论的主要内容:
The speaker argue that in order to improve the business performance, it is important for those companies to hire the staff who only require a few hours – no more than 6 hours per day – to sleep. However, having had a deliberation consideration for the relationship between these two variables, I find that the argument made by the speaker is not convincing. The reasons are stated as follows.

Ts1
To begin with, the speaker relied on the research conducted by an advertising company to support his or her argument. However, it seems to me that the research might not be trustable. 我們不知道廣告公司是用random sampling or not, 所以我們不知說這份調查是否客觀和可信。

Ts2
Even if the advertising company randomly selected the participant to approach the study, it does not mean that the author is making a sound reasoning. 因為調查報告可能提及一共有幾種原因 – 包括學歷 – 影響員工的生產力。作者只是抽其中一個點來論說。

Ts3
Thirdly, the author assumes that the quality and the performance of the executive determined the company performant. 可以作者沒有清楚交代executive staffs 在公司的解色和功用。同一時間, 作考完全不理會其他員工對公司增長的付出。

tesolchinaUID: 2191404

skywongchiu 发表于 2014-11-5 14:21
請求老師點評

在我的教学博客里添加了这道题相关的范文 及 改写练习
另外更新了2楼的列表

skywongchiuUID: 3261705

tesolchina 发表于 2014-11-5 21:26
在我的教学博客里添加了这道题相关的范文 及 改写练习
另外更新了2楼的列表

謝謝老師的評論, 我把之前的提網修改了, 請老師再給於意見


14.A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
相关argument：118
请根据指引列出提纲并点评楼上组员的提纲或直接回帖参与讨论。


請求老師點評

一、分析题目中的Argument，按照上面的范例，列出claim、data并解释连接claim和data的warrant。
(一)Claim: to hire those executives requiring no more than 6 hours of sleeping can facilitate the company growth
(二)Data或evidence:
(1) Advertising firm study pointed out that there is a relationship between advertising executives’ performance and advertising executive’s sleeping habit
(2) Executive - including male and female – who require less than 6 hours sleeping is more productive than the rest of employees


（三）Warrant:
1. data(1)這份調查報告一共調查了300廣告公司員工(包括男女), 這份報告是可信的
（不過我認為不充分条件, 這份報告代表性不高）
2. data(2)里論說小於6小時的睡眠時間和生產能力相關, 被調查的員工當中, 睡眠時間小於6小時的EXECUTIVE有較高的生產力
(不過我認為作者的觀點不夠說服力, 員工的生產力可能受其他因素影響）


二、根据题目的要求列出提纲以及描述要讨论的主要内容:
The speaker argue that in order to improve the business performance, it is important for those companies to hire the staff who only require a few hours – no more than 6 hours per day – to sleep. However, having had a deliberation consideration for the relationship between these two variables, I find that the argument made by the speaker is not convincing. The reasons are stated as follows.

Ts1
To begin with, the speaker relied on the research conducted by an advertising company to support the argument that in order to increase the productivities of the company, the owner should hire those staff require less than 6 hours sleeping. However, it seems to me that the research might not be trustable. 我們不知道廣告公司是用random sampling or not, 所以我們不知說這份調查是否客觀和可信。當我們不清楚這份報告是否理和具有代表性, 作者的推論是不夠說服力的。

Ts2
Even if the advertising company randomly selected the participant to approach the study, it does not mean that the author is making a sound reasoning that is the sleeping habit of the executive affects the productivity of the executive. 因為調查報告可能提及一共有幾種原因 – 包括學歷 – 影響員工的生產力。作者只是抽其中一個點來論說。在沒有檢視整份報告之前, 我們不可以立定論

Ts3
Thirdly, the author assumes that the quality and the performance of the executive determined the company performant. 可是作者沒有清楚交代executive 在公司的角色和功用。當我們不清楚executive在公司的重要性, 我們很難立論executive對於公司的增長是很重要的。

tesolchinaUID: 2191404

skywongchiu 发表于 2014-11-6 01:20
謝謝老師的評論, 我把之前的提網修改了, 請老師再給於意見

感觉你没怎么看我的点评

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
题目要求是讨论需要什么证据
你的提纲应该讨论需要哪几方面的证据

对于argument你有一个概念上的错误 就是反复说这个argument有各种问题 这是老G的思维
新G讲的是我们不值得这个argument是否成立 而要收集更多的证据

我觉得你需要先看看我写的argument

你的TS1讲research本身是否可信 其实这个不是重点 重点是这个研究是否可以generalize 从广告业到所有行业 还有高管能否扩展到所有员工

skywongchiuUID: 3261705

tesolchina 发表于 2014-11-7 11:04
感觉你没怎么看我的点评

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed t ...

令老師失望, 真的不好意思。

我看了老師所有文章, 學習了老師的風格。
我把提網再次修改了, 肯請老師再次提供意見。

請求老師點評

一、分析题目中的Argument，按照上面的范例，列出claim、data并解释连接claim和data的warrant。
(一)Claim: to hire those executives requiring no more than 6 hours of sleeping can facilitate the company growth
(二)Data或evidence:
(1) Advertising firm study pointed out that there is a relationship between advertising executives’ performance and advertising executive’s sleeping habit
(2) Advertising executives - including male and female – who require less than 6 hours sleeping are more productive than the rest of people (according to the survey)


（三）Warrant:
1. data(1)這份調查報告一共調查了300廣告公司員工(包括男女), 這份報告的代表性是充份的（不過我認為不充分条件, 這份報告代表性不高）
2. data(2)里論說小於6小時的睡眠時間和生產能力相關。 被調查的executives當中, 說明睡眠時間小於6小時的executives有較高的生產力
(不過我認為作者的觀點不夠說服力, 作者沒有清楚交代executives成功的因素和executives對公司增長扮演的解角色)


二、根据题目的要求列出提纲以及描述要讨论的主要内容:
The speaker argue that in order to improve the business performance, it is important for those companies owners to hire the people who only require a few hours – no more than 6 hours per day – to sleep. In order to evaluate the speaker’s claim, we need to examine the arguments made by the speaker carefully.

Ts1
To begin with, the speaker argues that the survey results can be applicable to other industries. However, the speaker’s argument might not be true. If,當講者可以提供充份資料显示出advertising executives 可以代表其他公司的員工, 講者的論點便可以被支持。 可是, 若果講者沒法提供充份資料显示出advertising executives 可以代表其他公司的員工, 講者的論點便會被削弱。

Ts2
Secondly, the speaker's argument points out that the advertising executives with higher profit margins and faster growth are telling the true about their sleeping habit, and hence the speaker suggests other companies to hire the people requiring no more than 6-hour to sleep. 評估這個假說, 我們需要了解整份調查報告的問題設計。 若果問卷調查可以清楚地交代, 在沒有其他因素的影響之下, 睡眠時間小於6小時的advertising executives 的生產力較其他員工高, 這個論說可以被支持。可是, 當問卷調查不可以清楚地交代睡眠時間是唯一一個因素影響advertising executives 生產力, 講者的論點便不可以被支持。

Ts3
Thirdly, the author states that the people who require no more than 6-hour to sleep facilitate companies’ growth. 評估這個假說, 我們需要更多的証明, 例如: hiring 睡眠時間小於6小時的員工會對公司帶來什麼影響。如果可以帶來正面的影響, 例如hiring 睡眠時間小於6小時的員工可以increase 其他員工的生產力, 講者的論說可以被支持。 不過, 若果資料显示出hiring 睡眠時間小於6小時的員工decrease 其他員工的生產力, 講者的論說是不正確的。

lisa_CUID: 2678347

14.A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
相关argument：118


ＣＬＡＩＭ
If a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night

ＤＡＴＡ/ＥＶＩＤＥＮＣＥ
1. A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms.
2. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth.

ＷＡＲＲＡＮＴ
1.对３００广告业执行官的调查结果显示睡眠时间和公司成功程度有关，如果睡眠少的公司更成功，则可以说明雇佣睡眠少的执行官有利公司成功
2.对广告公司研究表明，那些睡眠少于６个小时的执行官所在公司有更高利润率和更快增长速度，如果所调查公司的规模等情况相同，则可以说明睡眠少的执行官有利推动公司业务

ＯＵＴＬＩＮＥ

主旨句
In this memo, the speaker argues that a business should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night to prosper based on the evidence from a recent study in advertising firms. To convince his conclusion, more evidence about representativeness of the study cited, size of sample companies, and rigorous design of the study should be provided. Otherwise, the arguement is full with flaws and can easily be challenged.

To begin with, to better support his argument, the speaker should provide more evidence to show the representativeness of the study by extending this study to industries other than advertising.
段落１：首先，调查只是针对广告业，其他行业是否也是如此应当有所说明。
（研究只是针对Mentian广告，不一定具有代表性。如果只是广告业的呈现这种关系，别的行业譬如重工业并没有这种关系，那么，概括地说所有企业都应当雇佣睡眠少的执行官显然是不对的。如果能够提供证据表明这种关系有广泛代表性，则该调查结果能更有力支撑观点）

Moreover, information about the similarity of all sample advertising companies in size should be provided to make the result of survey better support the iargument.
段落２：其次，需要提供所调查公司的规模营业水平相近的证据，以使第二个evidence有说服力。
（正值成长期的小公司，老总需要更多的精力投入，睡眠时间相对少，通常也容易有更高的利润率和增长率。但是我们并不能说，这家发展快的小公司比一家增长率低且稳定、规模大的行业内成熟企业更成功。所以，需要提供所调查公司的规模营业水平相近的证据，以使第二个论据更为有力）

Finally, the speaker should convince people that the most important characteristic of the executive of a successful company is less sleep need, by offering information about rigorous design of the study.
段落３：最后，调查的设计是不是足够科学，有没有揭露出成功企业执行官所需要的最重要素质。
（成功企业执行官所需要的最重要素质也许是精力旺盛和工作效率高，而恰恰这类人能够长时间工作休息时间少。但是真正的原因却不是休息时间少导致企业成功，如果以此来招执行官，显然会有失准确。睡眠少的一部分人中可能是因为身体状况不佳、神经衰落，而他们正是成功企业所不应当要的人，他们往往不够energetic和efficient。所以需要提供更多关于调查设计的信息以表明调查结果揭示了能促使企业成功的执行官所具备的最重要素质就是睡眠需求少本身）

max940623UID: 3559548

不好意思哈老师 我好像是按118写的，等会再改写成14:lol

118.A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
相关argument：14

一、分析题目中的Argument，按照上面的范例，列出claim、data并解释连接claim和data的warrant。
(一)Claim: In order to prosper the firm, it should only hire people who sleep less than 6 hours per night
(二)Data或evidence:
(1) study
(三)Warrant:
1. 调查样本数据300足够，样本代表性足（男女比例未提），样本可信度（调查者未提） （调查问题）
2. 调查可信，广告业管理者更少的睡眠导致了公司的繁荣 （假性因果）
3. 前两个warrant可信，广告业的情况能推广到所有行业，管理者的睡眠情况能推广到所有员工 (整体个体)

二、根据题目的要求列出提纲以及描述要讨论的主要内容:
TS：
Grounding on a unreliable study, supposing that the executives’ sleeping hour per night could determine the operation of their firms, then combing these two hypotheses with the assumption that this rule among the advertising executives could apply in all employees and all business, the author accordingly suggest that all the business should hire the people who sleep less than 6 hour per night. However, even a casual glance could reveal how groundless this reasoning process is.

Ts1 The threshold assumption with this argument is the reliability of the study. 这份报告的调查者未知，样本数据太小，样本代表性未知。在这个assumption上建立的argument是站不住脚的。

Ts2 Even if the author could prove the first assumption to be correct, he still fails to verify the unstated hypothesis that less sleeping hours will necessarily result in the prosperity of the executives’ firm. 不一定是管理者睡眠时间单独影响公司业绩，有他因如工作环境员工积极性。因果关系甚至可以反过来，可能是公司的成功导致了管理者忙碌而睡眠时间少。不排除这些可能性，作者也不能做这个assumption。

Ts3 Lastly, the argument assume too hastily that advertising typify all the business naturally in this case. IT公司如google的管理者就有充足的睡眠，这有助于come up with innovative ideas，而创新正是IT公司发展之根本 Similarly, another assumption that the trend among the executive could apply for all the employees also harm the soundness of the argument. 劳工群体没有充足的睡眠，受工伤的几率会加大，从而降低公司生产率。

In conclusion, the claim from the author is unsound without the proof on the three assumptions above.

tesolchinaUID: 2191404

skywongchiu 发表于 2014-11-7 23:26
令老師失望, 真的不好意思。

我看了老師所有文章, 學習了老師的風格。

这道题明明是要你写需要什么evidence  你为什么写assumption

skywongchiuUID: 3261705

tesolchina 发表于 2014-11-8 13:29
这道题明明是要你写需要什么evidence  你为什么写assumption

還是走不出老G的影響....一開始的時間便想到作者有什麼假說....

謝謝老師的指出, 我把上面(8樓)的回覆份改了, 希望老師再給於意見

gzc405933323UID: 3574833

请老师点评点评


Claim: The business should employ only workers who require less than 6 hours of sleep per night

Evidences:
1.        A study on 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives demonstrate a positive correlation between the amount of sleep and the achievement of their firms.
2.        The firms managed by executives who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night have superior profit margin and growth rate.

Warrant:
1.        The smaller demand of sleep of Mentian advertising executives is the reason for the increase in profit margins and growth rate of their firms.
2.        The Mentian advertising executives can represent advertising executives of other places.
3.        Like marketing executives, employees at other positions with less amount of sleep contribute more effectively to the success of the firm.

Thesis: In order to strengthen his or her argument, the author of the article needs to provide further evidences about the causal effect of the decrease in advertising executives’ sleeping hours on the increase in profit margins and growth rate of their firms, the representativeness of Mentian advertising executives among those of other places, and whether employees of other roles are more efficient in bringing success to the firm.

1.        It is recommended for the author to demonstrate that marketing executives out of the sample have the same correlation between sleep and performance of their firms as Mentian marketing directors.
a.        The sampling process might not be random enough to exclude bias.
b.        The advertising firms probably have the startup firm clients that bring heavy workload to the advertising executives.
2.        The author needs to prove that lower amount of sleep of Mentian marketing executives lead to the increase in profit margins and growth rate of their firms.
Other explanations:
a.        competitive corporate culture that deprive the sleep of marketing executives(confounded factor)
b.        Mentian advertising firms are basically new firms of high growth, which require heavy workload of marketing directors. (high growth rate->lower amount of sleep)
3.        Even assuming that advertising executive with less sleep are more efficient in general, the author should offer evidences that employees at other positions contribute more effectively to the success of the firm with less amount of sleep.
a.        The tasks of might be different
b.        The significance might be different




以下是全文，用时30分钟


     The author of the article argues that business should hire only workers who require less than 6 hours of sleep per night in order to achieve success based on the result of a study on 300 Mentian advertising executives about the correlation between the amount of sleep they need and the profit and growth rate of their firms.  However, it is recommended that the author provides further evidences about the generality of the association between advertising executives' sleeping hours and success of their firms, the causal relationship between advertising directors' sleeping hours and the success of their business and the existence of the very relationship on other types of employees.
      To begin with, the author needs to offer evidences that the out-of-sample Mentian advertising executives demonstrate the same correlation between the amount of sleep they require and the growth and profitability of their companies. It is possible that the study of the sample size of 300 hundred is not sufficiently randomized to eliminate the bias that reduces the accuracy of the result. For the advertising firms in the sample, there is a strong negative correlation between sleeping hours of the executives and the success of their firms. However, it might not be the case for the companies not listed in the sample. In this case, the result of the study cannot represent the population and leads to unconvincing conclusions.
      Even though there is indeed a positive correlation between the sleeping hour of advertising executives and the growth and profits of their businesses, the author needs to demonstrate the causal effect of the low level of sleeping hours of the marketing executives on the growth and profitability of their firms. Many other factors can confound with executives' sleeping hours to influence the successfulness of advertising firms. One example is the corporate culture. An aggressive corporate culture can bring high growth and return to a firm. To fit in such corporate culture, marketing directors have a high possibility to have few hours of sleep per night. Therefore, sleeping hours are just a demonstration of an aggressive corporate culture which is the actual reason for the prosperity of an advertising company.
         Even assuming that the small amount of sleeping time of the advertising executive can result in the success of an advertising firm, the author should still prove that other sorts of employees see the same causal relationship between sleeping hours and working efficiency in general. The roles of different positions are not identical in advertising firms and other firms. Although advertising executives might play a dominant role in the success of a firm, other positions including web-designers and operation assistant might not be as significant as advertising executives in advertising firms. Low hours of sleep of those people might not boost the performance of their firms. In addition, low level of sleeping hour might not be an effective indicator of efficiency for workers in other positions. It is possible that more sleep can provide more energy for workers in other positions to carry out their tasks more efficiently.
       In sum, the author of the business article can strength his or her arguments in two ways. He or she can offer evidences of the inclusiveness of the sample and demonstrate a causal effect of deprivation of sleep on working efficiency for all employees including advertising executives.

黑白沉默UID: 3486497

14.A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

claim或结论： These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night

证据01
A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms

证据02
those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth.

第一段
The claiming above suggested that business, in order to be prosperous, should only hire employees who sleep less than 6 hours according to a resent study. However, in order to evaluate such a claim, more evidences are needed with regard of the relationship between company performance and sleeping time, as well as the study's relation with the conclusion.

The first evidence we need to evaluate the claim with is a strong relationship between company performance and staff's sleeping time.原文的证据没有说清他们的调查是怎么“showed an association”。如果有证据表明较长的工作时间是公司成功最主要的原因，那么这个association成立。如果证据表明其它原因，如决策者的决断力、创造力、或是行业洞察力更为重要，那么证据中的association就很值得怀疑。

Another evidence we might need is about the study's representativeness to all business as in the claim.因为证据里包括的只是一个广告公司，很可能只代表这家公司或者这个行业的情况。有可能有证据表明其它某行业（如制造业）需要长时间的睡眠才能保证工作不出任何差错，就会削弱文中观点。

Likewise, I believe the evidence in how to generalize such a study from executives to general workers.相类似的，文中的证据调查的是管理人员，那么要evaluate文中观点，就需要关于员工睡眠情况和公司表现的证据。

tesolchinaUID: 2191404

黑白沉默 发表于 2014-11-25 14:02
14.A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average ...

14.A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

claim或结论： These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night

证据01
A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms

证据02
those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth.

第一段
The claiming above suggested that business, in order to be prosperous, should only hire employees who sleep less than 6 hours according to a resent study. However, in order to evaluate such a claim, more evidences are needed with regard of the relationship between company performance and sleeping time, as well as the study's relation with the conclusion.

claim不能加ing
the study's relation with the conclusion.这个说法有点模糊 和前面的并列结构不相称



The first evidence we need to evaluate the claim with is a strong relationship between company performance and staff's sleeping time.原文的证据没有说清他们的调查是怎么“showed an association”。如果有证据表明较长的工作时间是公司成功最主要的原因，那么这个association成立。如果证据表明其它原因，如决策者的决断力、创造力、或是行业洞察力更为重要，那么证据中的association就很值得怀疑。

evidence 后面跟的并不真是evidence
We need evidence to support a causal relationship between the sleeping time of the staff and the company performance.  


Another evidence we might need is about the study's representativeness to all business as in the claim.因为证据里包括的只是一个广告公司，很可能只代表这家公司或者这个行业的情况。有可能有证据表明其它某行业（如制造业）需要长时间的睡眠才能保证工作不出任何差错，就会削弱文中观点。

We also need evidence to assess whether the conclusion about advertising companies can be applied to companies in other industries.  


Likewise, I believe the evidence in how to generalize such a study from executives to general workers.相类似的，文中的证据调查的是管理人员，那么要evaluate文中观点，就需要关于员工睡眠情况和公司表现的证据。

believe the evidence  搭配问题

这道题我有写  你自己检查一下有没有什么point漏掉的