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212 If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable.
------正文------
I agree with the speaker's claim that the worthy ends will justify the controvertible means insofar as the desirable goals can be actually realized in the long run and no other more reasonable means are available.
I concede that to achieve certain desirable goals, certain actions, which are even violation with such goals, are necessary. For example, the war, even that fight for the freedom and equality, might suspend the principles to triumph over opponents first. For the strict regulation often serve to ensure victories, otherwise, the complete freedom, which is against with regulation may deprive any army of its force--that is, always adherence to the principle amounts to postponing such principles forever. Another telling example is in the game of politics. To become an effective leader, one need pander to the electorate first, if not, he or she may show naivety or vulnerability to the opponents and risk losing the campaign for office. In this matter, although the truthfulness are virtues of politicians, the political game calls for somewhat sacrifice of the principle for a moment. ( 感觉你一上来就把整个题定位到了一些不当的means上了,好像和我的思路不太一样,不过这里有点看不出你第一段论点里所concede的东西)
However, such myopic violations against the worthy goals, does not necessarily justify themselves in the long run. If we are always encouraged to get immediate successes despite of the reasonability of the way we take, we actually risk defeating the purpose of original exertion in the long run. Consider the sustainability of human civilization. To get the immediate wealth, we exploit natural resources rampantly. As a result, we face the increasingly obvious pressure from the availability of such resources, which has threatened the prosperity of our civilization in the long run. Let us back to the example of politics again, if politicians are encouraged to pander to the desire of the electorate, we risk devolving the democracy into demagoguery and allowing deception as well as manipulation.
Another reason I disagree the speakers machiavellian assertion is that by allowing "any" means, we risk allowing extreme actions, especially when there are more desirable and justifiable ways in which we can realize the goals as good as in the controvertible means. Consider the end of Pacific war: America, who defeat Japan with the explosion of atomic bomb, actually has more reasonable means that can equally put the war to an end. For the use of atomic bomb not only cause thousands and hundreds of murders in Japan, which is definitely the largest holocaust in World War II, but also set an egregious example in the world, which subject our world to an eruption of an atomic bomb war and nuclear arm race.
In final analysis, under certain circumstances, to achieve the desirable goals, we are driven even encouraged to take controvertible means, which even may go against with the aims. By conniving of such means, however, we risk defeating the goals in the long run and permitting extreme actions, which will never justify the means we take.
其它没什么大问题了。就B1举的例子觉得有点极端了。 |
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