What is the primary goal of technological development? The speaker claims that the goal should be to increase people's efficiency so that we will have more leisure time. I disagree with this claim because there is no evidence to indicate the increase of our leisure time. Furthermore, there are other goals of technology, from my point of view, which are more important to increase efficiency.
Admittedly, technological advance has largely promoted our efficiency of working and living. (ts清晰,不过下面最好接着点论证,不要直接上例子) (这里真的没想到该怎么说理,因为效率的提高太明显了,反而不知道如何论述) It is because technology expand our limited abilities by providing advanced machines. For instance, our muscle put a limit on our speed which prevents us from efficient communication, but we can drive a car, or take an airplane to make trips between cities, or countries, because they can increase our traveling speed. Maybe you feel your brain is inefficient and slow in processing information and materials, but you can use a computer which is more capable and efficient in processing information than human minds. Through advanced tools and high-tech machines, we possess more abilities than what have been granted by our body. Now we often can finish more jobs and create more wealth by consuming the same time as before, and our property progresses as a result. (这里实在想不出怎么论证深入些了,斑竹有什么好的提纲么?)
However, the increase of efficiency does not necessarily lead to more leisure time, as we expected.Although we have reduced working hours and more holidays, some investigation indicates that people still do not have much leisure time. This phenomenon is more obvious and noticeable in some developing countries, such as China. Although we have adopted eight working hours per day and five working days, people still need to sustain a lot of pressures which compel them to use their leisure time to work and study, rather than relax and entertain. More and more people need to work extra hours to gain more profits for their employers although the efficiency has been improved. Actually, the increase of efficiency accelerates our pace of lives, because it make it possible to finish more works by consuming the same time as before, which arouses more desire to gain more benefits.The increase of works, which is resulted from the desire, is far beyond that the increase of efficiency. For example, a engineer might only need to finish a design draft in one week several decades ago, but now he may need to finish three because the increasing efficiency makes it possible to finish them in a week. Therefore he may not need to go to work in weekends, but still need to do some computer design at home. When the efficiency is rising, our pursuit for more profits and interests also grow as a result. Technology does increase efficiency, but not bring us more leisure time, at least not for everyone.
Furthermore, there are other objects the advance of technology needs to fulfill besides efficiency.Some of them are even more important than the increase of efficiency. One crucial task for scientists and researchers is to develop advanced technology to solve some problems faced by the human being, such as environmental damage, scanty of energy, and nuclear power, etc. For instance,the exploration of the Moon may not increase our efficiency, but there are still a lot of countries which invest a lot to develop technology for exploring the Moon, because the resources in the Moon could be used to solve the limited energy in the earth, once they can be mined and exploited in the future. If the development of technology only concentrates on some efficient problems, we will definitely lose more than what we can afford--probably the whole future. For instance, if no efforts are put on exploring new energy to replace petroleum, some experts predict that the next world war will break out to occupy limited energy. Efficiency is one important goal of developing technology, but not the primary one.
From what has been discussed above, we may conclude that the technology has brought efficiency to us, but our leisure time has not increased. Technology should regard solving problems of human being as the primary goal, not the efficiency.
[ 本帖最后由 pippo1983 于 2007-3-27 10:06 编辑 ] |