issue40 关于education【自由女神作文第五次作业】

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issue40 关于education【自由女神作文第五次作业】
40 "Scholars and researchers should not be concerned with whether their work makes a contribution to the larger society.

  It is more important that they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may

  seem." [05/11; 06/0]
  我们不应该仅仅关注学者和研究者的著作能否对社会做出贡献。更重要的是关注他们如何追求实现自己的兴趣，无论那些兴趣显得是

  多么的非同寻常。
  提纲：
  1、we should not only concern the contribution of the scholars because the nature of the science is not utilitarian.
  many scientific researchs are non-profitable.
  e.g the maticsmaths problems,the problems of the origine of  the earth researched by the geologist,the origine of life

  and some research bing no economic benefit in a long time.
  e.g the research about the moon,Mars

     
  2、to explore the unknown things is the instinct of human beings and to concerns the contributions alone amount to

  forcing to change the nature of human beings.and many researchs are based upon interest


  3、many research start from interest and couriosity but  end with huge benefit.
  e.g the discovery of  electromagnetic  induction  by michael faraday
  the discovery of double helix of DNA molecule set off a biology revolution      

  We will always judge the scientist or scholar who make huge contribution to society as a celebrated one and it is why so

  many scholars  take the result of their research  prior to the process or the interest.But to me it's worthy of discussing  if

  this judgement is approperiate.


  Admittedly,focusing on the contribution is a necessity when we judge a scholar.But regarding the contribution as the

  single factor will mislead the researchers to the idea that the most important value of science is its utility while actually

  most of the researchs are nonprofitable.We can find many mathmatians spend their whole life into dealing with the

  complex math problems even if there is no tremendous progress or breakthrough,which in our eyes is helpless to the

  society.Along wih the geologist who study in the origion of the earth and the biologist who study the origin of life are all

  seemingly meaningless.Their single motivation is their interest in  their research fields and what they pursue is not the

  result but the interest.If we overemphisize the contribution then the interest will be devalued and thus leads to more and

  more utilitarian sholars.


  What's more ,as the interest and curiosity are the instinct of human beings,to limit the scitific researchs into a c ertain

  bound amounts to undermining the nature of people.Those who step into the scientific fields attributed to their interest

  will probably not be sponsored just because their researchs are lack of direct relationship with social enhancement which

  ,through my perspective ,a huge waste.


  But how many of us including the scholars themselves cann't  tell the exact social effect of their researchs?Many researchs

  start with pure interest but end with huge benefit.Michael faraday ,a extremely curious and questioning guy,discover the

  electromagnetic induction in the 19th century.He also did significant work in electrochemistry, stating the First and Second

  Laws of Electrolysis. This laid the basis for electrochemistry which is another great modern industry in the 20th century

  which is many years after his death.Without his discovery ,we may still live in a lightless world ,let alone the modern

  digital products such as computers and mp3s.When Watson discovered the double helix of DNA molecule ,he would never

  figure out his discovery will arouse a biology revolution in later years.Many of today's scientific headlines — the

  deciphering of the DNA of humans and other species, the transplanting of genes into animals and crops to change their

  traits, the use of gene therapy to treat disease, the DNA evidence that exonerates people imprisoned unjustly —

  ultimately came from the double helix discovery.


  We expect more promption from the development of science and we should encourge the scholars and scientists to pursue

  their own interest and curiosity by which more and more astonishing changes will occur in the future.

提纲
50 "In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach." [05/30; 06/10]
为了提高大学的教学质量，所有的教职员工应该去校外参加一些和他们教的课程相关的工作。
1、老师参加校外工作对教学质量的提高有一定帮助：
   1、丰富老师的经验，上课时可以避免泛泛而谈。
   2、更加结合实际，传授学生更多实践知识
2、但是去参加校外工作还是会带来不少坏处：
   1、除了教学之外，大学教师还要搞研究。而他们研究的好与坏将从根本上决定他们教学的质量，实践工作充其量只能起辅助作用。即使是有一定的工作量也必须是为他们的研究所服务，再同时提高教学质量。
  2、老师的时间本来已经捉襟见肘，如果因为校外工作影响教学和研究将得不偿失。
  3、另外，很多教师的研究方向重在理论，实践性的工作对他们来说是没有必要也是不可能的。（比如说理论性的研究，比如社会科学等）


112 "Some educational systems emphasize the development of students' capacity for reasoning and logical thinking, but students would benefit more from an education that also taught them to explore their own emotions."
一些教育机构强调培养学生的推理和逻辑思考能力，但是如果也教会学生认知自我的情感，学生们将受益更多。
提纲：
1、逻辑能力对于学习有着相当重要的作用（例子，可参考逻辑学的重要性）
2、但是人不是机器，因此必须教育学生有认识自我情感的能力，控制自己的情绪从而获得更大的成就。
（例子）

130 "How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society." [05/48; 06/6]
孩子融入社会的能力决定了社会的命运。遗憾的是，我们还不知道怎样培养孩子使他们对社会有益。
提纲：
1、孩子的社会化会影响社会。孩子的社会化会影响孩子的成长，因此也会反过来对社会有影响（近朱者赤，近墨者黑）
2、但是孩子的社会化不是决定社会命运的唯一因素，因为社会命运最终决定于孩子们会给社会带来些什么？这是由他们的智力，信仰，家庭教育，学校教育等等因素有关（举例）
3、现在的社会稳定就是我们的上辈培养我们的结果，虽然教育中仍然存在问题，但是现在已经有很多人对社会有益。（举例）


47 "Society does not place enough emphasis on the intellect—that is, on reasoning and other cognitive skills." [05/47; 06/4]
社会对于智力还是重视不够，比如推理和认知的能力。
提纲：
1、推理和认知能力的对社会和个人都很重要（举例）
2、现在社会对智力教育还比较欠缺（举例）
3、同时不能忽视情感教育（举例）（此题可以和issue112结合看）

154 "Both parents and communities must be involved in the local schools. Education is too important to leave solely to a group of professional educators." [05/50; 06/1]
家长和社会都应该参与到当地的学校中来。教育太重要了，不能只靠专业教育者。
提纲：
1、孩子在上学之前有一段时间，这段时间的教育好坏将对孩子的终生产生影响，而这个时候只有依靠家庭教育。例子：德国大诗人、剧作家歌德的成才，得力于家庭的早期教育。歌德2－3岁时，父亲就抱了到郊外野游，观察自然，培养歌德的观察能力。3－4岁时,父亲教他唱歌、背歌谣、讲童话故事，并有意让他在众人面前讲演，培养他的口语能力。这些有意识的教育，使歌德从小乐观向上，乐于思索，善于学习。歌德8岁时能用法、德、英、意大利、拉丁、希腊语阅读各种书籍，14岁写剧本，25岁用一个有月的时间写成了闻名于欧洲的诗歌《少年维特的烦恼》。
2、孩子出生后，从小到大，几乎2/3时间生活在家庭之中，，都在接受着家长的教育。这种教育是在有意和无意、计划和无计划、自觉和不自觉之中进行的，不管是以什么方式、在什么时间进行教育，都是家长以其自身的言行随时随地的教育影响着子女。这种教育对孩子的生活习惯、道德品行、谈吐举止等都在不停地给予影响和示范，其潜移默化的作用相当大，伴随着人的一生。
3、社团可以提供学生们更多的实践机会，从而使学生亲身体会到了团队精神的重要性，锻炼学生的吃苦耐劳、艰苦奋斗德品质，并且让他们更好的与人交流，提高他们的综合素质。



[ 本帖最后由 monkeydluffy 于 2007-1-22 15:30 编辑 ]