issue17 义无反顾小组第十四次作业

kittywen_16UID: 2135347

TOPIC: ISSUE41 - "Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science."
WORDS: 295          TIME: 上午 12:45:00          DATE: 2006-5-29

Broadly speaking, science can be divided into two classes: one is mainstream science, such as history, art, chemistry, while the other is nonmainstream science, such as astrology, fortune-telling. Insofar as the nonmainstream science always correlates with superstition or blindness, many people take it for granted that it is less important than the other in the long human history. However, I concede that in most cases, only associating with the two kinds science, can we probe into the world with a deeper perspective.

Mainstream science, which has been regarded as the paramount impetus for human improvement, is essential to construct our society. For instance, law is defined as a criterion to conduct human behaviors. One can consciously control his behaviors for fear of punishment.With the help of the law, people can discern the correct and wrong behaviors. History, served as another example, offer us information about the great events and trends occurred in the remote time and allow us to contemplate the moral significance from the historical events or figures.This kind of science contains both the treasure trove of our ancestors and the crystallization of the contemporary researches. Without them, we can't have such prosperous development.

The most important function of mainstream science is to develop the basic architecture of a society; the rest is ornamanted or decorated of the structure by the nonstream science.Its function  can be manifested in two aspects. Firstly, it gives persons more space to dream and let them enjoy the process of researching something they are interested. For example, the research of Fengshui has swept out the world recently. Many people have showed so great enthusiasm to this field that a great number of institutions have been established throughout the world. Unfortunately, nobody can explain how this theory works. To this extent, it serves as a kind of entertainment to offer people more happiness than superstition. Secondly, nonmainstream science is deemed as a routine avenue to illuminate something mysterious. When supernatural phenomena are twisted with realistic events, people will feel confused and unable to discriminate between them. At this time, people turn to nonmainstream science to console their curiosities.

By the means of two kinds of science, can we have great power to probe into nature.On the one hand,nonmainsteam science sometimes serves as the origination of mainstream science. Take the astrology for example. In old days, when people sailed for a long trip, they were not equipped with navigating devices as advanced as today. Fortunately, owing to astrology  knowledge,which can tell people some stars's location,  they found  out their route avoiding deviation. In turn, a certain mainstream science can offer empirical evidence to  support nonmainstream subjects. Though we have doubt on the validation of telling fortune according to one's face, recent research has showed one's mental state  can be reflected by his appearance.

As a result,either of the two type science have played vital role in the development of the society, necessary emphsis should be put onto either side.

限时才写了265个字！

[ 本帖最后由 kittywen_16 于 2006-5-30 17:33 编辑 ]

kittywen_16UID: 2135347

提纲：主张两种学科得的结合
（1）主流科学在人类发展中的作用；
（2）非主流科学的意义；
（3）两者结合应用

glxingUID: 2156425

又迟交了，对不起啊

glxingUID: 2156425

提纲：
1，非主流领域有一定作用：可以暂时平息人们de疑惑，但不能称之为“vital”
2，主流科学才是决定社会的影响因素


TOPIC: ISSUE41 - "Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science."
WORDS: 486          TIME: 0:45:00          DATE: 2006-5-30

There are controversies about the role of nonmainstream areas such as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits. Some people think that those areas are not based on science and have nothing to do with the progress of society, while others assert that they play a vital role in society because they can satisfy human needs which are not addressed by mainstream science. On balance, I concede that those nonmainstream areas actually satisfy people's special needs but they could not be called "vital".

On the one hand, as one kind of advanced animals, we human would meet some strange problems under circumstances. However, the science and knowledge we know now can not explain them. So we have to acquire some other nonmainstream areas to help ourselves to. For example, whether the destiny of one individual is determined by something which is unknown now is not addressed completely. But with the help of astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits, we can be satisfied and our emotion can be calmed temporarily. Then we can concentrate energy on other more important things.

On the other hand, the nonmainstream areas such as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits after all can not contribute to the progress of society as much as mainstream science. Look back upon our life, the past century has witnessed the great improvement in our life which came from the progress of mainstream science mostly.

In the realm of transportation, we now have opportunities to travel all over the world with the invention of automobile. The dream that flying in the sky have come true by the appearance of airplane, which can make it possible to travel to any places in the planet in one day. By contrast, the life in the past were confirmed in one small areas and even transferring a letter might cost several weeks.

In the realm of communication, with the help of cell phone, we can contract with others at any time and in any places. The information technology has developed to the extent that we can hold an distant meet by means of computer and Internet, which not only saves companies much money but also revolute people from busy work. The trend that more and more people are able to take work home demonstrates this change.

In the realm of health and medical research, the most important technology now is the research about DNA. The recent progress in this field is that people have completed the work of gene map project. In the near future, we can possibly cure all of kinds of diseases and people's expected life can be more longer than now.

In sum, although the nonmainstream areas such as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits can help people to get short satisfaction, they can not replace the mainstream science to play a vital role in society because the real progress of society are mostly  relied on the latter.

yuviUID: 2169411

態度：部分同意
提綱：
1．        自然界存在很多無法用現有科學解釋的現象（牛頓所說的“上帝之手”）
2．        非主流領域在現今社會的確佔有很大比例（星座的解釋）
3．        科學是不斷進步的。現在所說的‘非主流’後面也許可以被合理的解釋 （哥白尼的日心説）

Are the nonmainstream areas of inquiry play the vital roles in society by satisfying human needs that were not addressed by mainstream science? I partly agree with this statement by the following reasons:  

First, in the nature world, there are many things do exist and cannot be explained by using mainstream science. Take the Gravitation for example, when Newton found it in the seventeenth century, however, he cannot use this theory to explain the first force which was made the revolve of the earth. And instead of the physical science, Newton once said: "It might be the God's hand." This is a good example to demonstrate that as a kind of the organism in the universe, human still got plenty things that cannot be explained by the existing science. What is more, as for whole cosmos, human beings are only a small part of the living things, and for our knowledge that not worth mentioning in the long periods of the time that other planets been existing. In short, even the knowledge of human world are explored by thousands fields of the things, but they are still poor to explain the whole universe, therefore, something so-called nonmainstream areas do have positions in such fields to explain things by totally different ways compared with mainstream science.

Second, the nonmainstream areas indeed provide some information about people's lives at present. Based on the astrology, both fortune-telling and psychic pursuits combined in the area of the Horoscopes, and nowadays it become the hottest issue been mentioned in most medium. Such as Horoscopes are putting on the Internet, on the mobile phones, on the magazines, and on the televisions, etc. Both traditional mainstream media and new-coming media were involved in the field of the Horoscopes. It can be indicate that Horoscopes now occupying the human's daily life and do have influence people's thinking. Therefore, it happens on other nonmainstream areas as well, the daily life of our society, was actually been involved in such areas and throughout a great among of the information in mainly medium.

Third, the world of our society is continuously developing; hence, the definition of such nonmainstream areas might not be seen as "nonmainstream" follow the time goes. For instance, in the Middle Age the mainstream inquiry for Western world was occupied by religions. In that age, most knowledge and theories were been established by the religions' beliefs. While Copernicus pointed out that Earth is not the central of whole universe, it was totally conflicted with the religious system at that time. And therefore the Helicentrism was been seen as non-sense in most scientists' eyes. Nevertheless, time goes and people known the universe much more than before, they find out that Copernicus was right in his time, unfortunately there was no one who did realize. In this sense, some "nonmainstream" areas, which we cannot explain by existing theories from a scientific way, however, these situations might be change in the future.

In sum, in my point of views, the nonmainstream areas of inquiry do play a vital role in society in the present and to satisfy human needs that are not addressed by so-called mainstream science.

(526 words)

先给大家道歉,这几天因为一些私事耽误了组里的训练,非常对不起大家:(
今天晚上我就把所有作业和小结补起来.
恩,作文练习是王道,感觉几天没怎么写都生疏了不少.:(

yuviUID: 2169411

第十四次作业互改顺序:

Yuvi-->小蜗牛-->pk-->kitty-->yuvi

yuviUID: 2169411

小蜗牛的:

提纲：
1，非主流领域有一定作用：可以暂时平息人们de疑惑，但不能称之为“vital”
2，主流科学才是决定社会的影响因素


There are controversies about the role of nonmainstream areas such as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits. Some people think that those areas are not based on science and have nothing to do with the progress of society, while others assert that they play a vital role in society because they can satisfy human needs which are not addressed by mainstream science. On balance, I concede that those nonmainstream areas actually satisfy people's special needs but they could not be called "vital".(中立的开头，但是提纲看来是写有条件的反对？？)
On the one hand, as one kind of advanced animals（有点chinglish的感觉）, we human would meet some strange problems（这个概括有点匪夷所思） under circumstances. However, the science and knowledge we know now can not explain them. So we have to acquire some other nonmainstream areas to help ourselves to. For example, whether the destiny of one individual is determined by something which is unknown now is not addressed completely（这个是比方吗？只是general speaking阿）. But with the help of astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits, we can be satisfied and our emotion can be calmed temporarily. Then we can concentrate energy（呵呵，energy都出来？） on other more important things.

On the other hand, the nonmainstream areas such as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits after all can not contribute to the progress of society as much as mainstream science. Look back upon our life, the past century has witnessed the great improvement in our life which came from the progress of mainstream science mostly.（是吗？？但是每个时代的主流领域都不同，比如我作文里写的中世纪，西方社会就是以宗教为总体思想体系的，我觉得你这里写得不够严谨，欠缺了考虑）
In the realm of transportation, we now have opportunities to travel all over the world with the invention of automobile（车辆的发明给了我们机会去环游世界？证明我们开阔了眼界吗？）. The dream that flying in the sky have come true by the appearance of airplane, which can make it possible to travel to any places in the planet in one day. By contrast, the life in the past were confirmed in one small areas and even transferring a letter might cost several weeks.（感觉这里有点跑题了。。你是想用现代社会的一些以科学为基础的领域里的发明来说明“主流科学”才是决定社会的因素？但是似乎论证的过程有点扯远了）
In the realm of communication, with the help of cell phone, we can contract with others at any time and in any places. The information technology has developed to the extent that we can hold an distant meet by means of computer and Internet, which not only saves companies much money but also revolute people from busy work. The trend that more and more people are able to take work home demonstrates this change.

In the realm of health and medical research, the most important technology now is the research about DNA. The recent progress in this field is that people have completed the work of gene map project. In the near future, we can possibly cure all of kinds of diseases and people's expected life can be more longer than now.（分类论证不错，是个省事的方法。但是你每一点都只有短短的两三句话，话题都没有展开一段就没有了，这样写我觉得不太好。。比我上次写的还要冒风险哈，而且显得观点很散漫，没有说服力）
In sum, although the nonmainstream areas such as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits can help people to get short satisfaction, they can not replace the mainstream science to play a vital role in society because the real progress of society are mostly  relied on the latter.

总结：
小蜗牛的态度应该是有条件的反对，但是文章里并没有有力地涉及到反对的论点及理由。只是简单而且在我觉得很模糊的回应了题目里的文字。
在论述上过多地涉及了现代社会的一些发展。而没有concentrate on 针对“非主流”的一些“主流”的表现。
所以我觉得论证的效果不够。论点没有展开并且提得散漫。。
（呵呵，我自己也写得不好，几天没有拍作文，所以这次下手狠一些，小蜗牛不要被我拍晕了哈：）

glxingUID: 2156425

我先谢谢芹菜的修改了，回去好好琢磨琢磨。芹菜是一位好同志，在小组里贡献最大，前两天忙自己的事大家是可以理解的（悄悄告诉大家一个小秘密——芹菜要去意大利了，大家想要照片的话赶紧预约阿，过期不候，呵呵）。六月到了，时间不多了，我们要加油啊！:D

我批改pk的
提纲；
1、        非主流确实在某些方面满足了人们的需要
2、        但是其有副作用，对个人而言
3、        对社会而言
The speaker asserts that nonmainstream areas of inquiry play a important part  in society because they satisfy human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science. I agree with that nonmainstream areas of inquiry do make satisfied删去make吧 human needs that are not addressed  by mainstream science to some extent.和上一句重复 However, if we overemphasize  significance of the role which nonmainstream areas of inquiry play in society,  nonmainstream areas of inquiry will have some bad effects on both individual and society.这一句也要改一改，罗嗦了。这样行不行：If given too much  emphasis, nonmainstream areas of inquiry will have some bad effects on both individual and society

Admittedly, nonmainstream areas of inquiry, such as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits, satisfy human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science to certain extent. 又重复了When somebody is unsuccessful in doing something , he or she maybe believe that he or she is failed dues to his or her destiny which decides all things in his or her life, and then basing on this thought,  he or she will feel better. When a boy is in the situation that his beloved girl left him for another person, it is possible that he will feel depressed. At this moment, if a fortune-telling people gives him some advices like that she is not the girl who can live with you in all your life, and your girl will meet with you in the near future, the boy perhaps will restore from  depression.例子挺有意思的

However, although nonmainstream areas of inquiry satisfy  the certain needs of human, they also bring about some bad effects on both individual and society . In the first place, nonmainstream areas of inquiry can restrict individual's imagination and creativeness. If individual who believes nonmainstream areas of inquiry is confronted with some difficult problems, he or she will  cast a coin to pursue answers instead of continue to think solution to these problems out. Take a friend of mine as an example,  she always holds that she is not good at doing research in our university because a fortune-telling man once told her that she did not succeed in doing research.  With such thought, when she meets a simple problem, she will refuse to think the answer out. Therefore, she does have any research outcomes achieved.这段写的可以，用自己的例子，学习学习

In the second place, nonmainstream areas of inquiry  have serious effect on the whole society. A case in point is that if nonmainstream areas of inquiry are took advantage of by some individuals, these individuals will use nonmainstream areas of inquiry  to control those people who believe nonmainstream areas of inquiry, this can  entirely make possible the society in chaos.这段怎么没有例子展开。
In sum, we should not considerably emphasize  importance of nonmainstream areas of inquiry, although they indeed satisfy human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science to some extent. 结尾没有把你的意思表达完整，应该改。

思路不错，比我的清晰多了，但第四段写的不好，你可以写上那些邪教的例子，还有，里面的句子应该再好好推敲。