issue217第二篇，没什么好写的，望指教

wsdegUID: 199069

Issue217:
In order to produce successful original work, scholars and scientists must first study the successful work of others to learn what contributions remain to be made.


The speaker alleges that by pursueing the successful work of others can scholars and scientists know what contribution remain to be made. I find this allegation to be too extreme to overstate the effect of the successful work of others. In my point of view, the result of such an effect, whether boosting the growth of originaltity or not, is more complex than the speaker asserts. In addtion, the factors of how to genertate originality wound be much more subtle.

I concede that, to some extent, the study of the successful work of others helps scholars and scientists gain a better and deeper comprehension of the knowledge in certain realm. Many renowned scientists and scholars got their inspiration from the discoveries of their precursors. Take Newton as an example, from thoroughly digging the work of Euclid and Cartesian, he finally made out the three laws of mechenism, the law of gravity. Likewise, in the fields of music, the style of Mozart and Franz Joseph Haydn has contributed to shape the musical formation of Beethoven. Even in our everyday curriculum, we are being unavoidable affected by our professor, or teachers, in the way of thinking, style of conversion and, at least, the method of learning.

While studying the successful work of others does benefit us a lot, exaggerating it may goes forward to the opposite side. If one holds the conventional wisdom permanently, then it will obviously turn out that comparatively few originality,if any, can break through the fetter of the accepted. By the time of Copernicus，the Ptolemaic system of astronomy was widely accepted by the conservatives without anyone to question this alleged "correct" theory. The vast majority of his contemporaries were in such a passive intellectual state, which results from the blind receptiveness from their holy faith in Catholic.Copernicus' heliocentric system was almost considered implausible for them. For this, over believing in the successful work of others may not elicit, or even impede the creation of originality.

In spite of the possitive effect of the study on the work of the success, there might also exist some other means to create originality. For example, enthusiasmcritical thinking and critical thinking, both of which is indispensible in modern society, lead to a great number of fruits of originality. It is well known that Copernicus was never a professional Astronomer. The great work of the heliocentricism that made him famous was just written in his spare time. As for critical thinking, what provides us with a profound insight into the problem, served as the key by which Copernicus took doubts of the fallacious theory and, in turn, carried out his own thoughts.  

To sum up, the study the successful work of others should be moderate, in that we should spare some spaces for our own thoughts.

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