A233 永不言弃 第26次作业 by 9#

cameo0320UID: 2599448

233.The following appeared in a memo from the vice president of a company that builds shopping malls throughout the country.

"The surface of a section of Route 101, paved two years ago by McAdam Road Builders, is now badly cracked and marred by dangerous potholes. In another part of the state, a section of Route 66, paved by Appian Roadways more than four years ago, is still in good condition. Appian Roadways has recently purchased state-of-the-art paving machinery, and it has hired a new quality-control manager. Because of its superior work and commitment to quality, we should contract with Appian Roadways rather than McAdam Road Builders to construct the access roads for all our new shopping malls."

两年前由McAdam筑路公司修筑的101公路的一段，表面现已严重开裂，并存在危险的坑洼。在同一州的另一个地区，四年多以前由Appian筑路公司修筑的66公路的一段现在依然状况良好。Appian公司最近购买了最先进的筑路机械，并雇佣了一名新的质量监控经理。由于Appian公司更优秀的工作和质量保证，我们应该和他们而不是McAdam公司签订合同修筑我们新的商业街前面的通道。

1、
A修的路比M好两个地区的路况不同 错误的类比
2、
A公司比M公司好
先进的筑路机器和质量经理不代表他们的工作更有保证 错误假设
3、
非此即彼的错误
4、
Hasty generalization

TOPIC: ARGUMENT233 - The following appeared in a memo from the vice president of a company that builds shopping malls throughout the country.

"The surface of a section of Route 101, paved two years ago by McAdam Road Builders, is now badly cracked and marred by dangerous potholes. In another part of the state, a section of Route 66, paved by Appian Roadways more than four years ago, is still in good condition. Appian Roadways has recently purchased state-of-the-art paving machinery, and it has hired a new quality-control manager. Because of its superior work and commitment to quality, we should contract with Appian Roadways rather than McAdam Road Builders to construct the access roads for all our new shopping malls."
WORDS: 408
TIME: 00:30:00
DATE: 2009-03-05 19:24:52

In this argument, the vice president of a company that builds shopping malls recommends that company should contract with Appian Roadways(AR) rather than Mcadam Road Builder(MR) to construct assess roads for all new shopping malls. To support the recommendation, the author point out that the condition of Route 101 which was paved by MR two years ago is worse than Routh66 which was paved by AR four years ago. The author also cites the fact that AR has recently purchased new machines and hired a quality-control manager as evidence. The argument suffers from several critical fallacies.

For one thing, the argument rest on the assumption that Route 101 is analogous to Route 66 in all respects. However, our common sense tells us it is not the case. It is possible that the geographical terrains of the two areas are very different, may be there are lots of dangerous curves and many mountains in the101, or perhaps the weather in 101 is worse than that in66, it is often rain in 101 which leads to the road damaged easily. Without showing that all other conditions in the two areas have been essentially the same, the vice president cannot draw any conclusion at all.

For another thing, the author assumes that AR is better than MR. However; the author fails to provide any information to support this assumption. The facts that AR purchased state-of-the-art paving machinery and it has hired a new quality-control manager are not necessarily prove that the quality of their work is high. It is entirely possible that the new machine is not fit to the local condition, also, the new manager needs some time to familiar the work circumstance. Besides, equipment and on-site management are only two of many factors affecting the quality of a pavement job, other factors include the experience and competence of other workers, and the paving material used. Without showing that the two firms are similar in these an other respects the assumption is completely unwarranted.

Thirdly, the vice president’s recommendation rest on the unlikely assumption that the company has only two alternatives—McAdam and Appian. In all likelihood the company can engage one of many other paving contractors instead. Thus, to the extent the vice president recommends Apppian over not just McAdam but over any other contractor the recommendation is unwarranted.

Finally, the author commits a fallacy of hasty generalization. Even if AR is better than MR, it does not mean that AR has the ability to pave al the new shopping malls. It is equally possible that AR is good at pave mountain roads, yet the constructions of new shopping malls are difficult for it. Without offering more information about AR, the author cannot confidently conclude that AR will finish the word well.

To sum up, the conclusion lacks credibility because the evidences cited in the analysis not lend strong support to what the arguer maintains. To bolster the argument the arguer would have to provide more evidence concerning the conditions of the two areas and more information about AR. To better evaluate the argument, we would also need to know the ability of AR to pave access roads for new shopping malls.

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