Issue170 By WDI小组 ken4huo

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Issue 170 "The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general welfare of all its people."


命题：什么才是一个伟大国家的表征？

一个国家之所以称之为强国，是因为它在一定范围内的影响力足够大以至于其它小国在制定有关自身计划时必须考虑该国的因素。真正意义上的强国不但要有硬实力，包括军事、经济实力，还要具备软实力，包括社会制度、公民素质、外交、文化、历史底蕴等等。所谓的大国表征应该是一个反映这两个方向的实力的综合体，而不能局限在某一方面。

A大众的福祉代表了一定的经济实力，也是一个国家软实力的一种体现。a福利一般来源于政府的高税收政策、个人和组织的捐赠等，因此高福利制度本身就代表了社会财富总量上已经达到了可以使之实现的标准。b高福利的社会制度有利于社会的稳定发展，提高全体国民素质，从而增强软实力。从这个角度出发，我们能说，大众的福祉可以在一定程度上反映强国的实力。


B但仅仅靠大众福祉来判断一个国家实力的强弱是不合理的。一些所谓的福利国家，在这些国家里，公民的福利被认为作最基本的一项权利，例如Scandinavia半岛国家，它们的福利制度可以说是在当今世界上最完善的。但是在人们的一般常识中，它们距离世界强国这个概念还是相差很远，甚至在欧洲范围内，它们的影响力也不是最大的。究其原因，包括：缺乏维护大国利益的最终手段——军事力量；经济发展过分依赖于非实体经济，如旅游、金融等；在关乎国计民生的工业领域，它们的科技发展薄弱；同时它们也缺乏深厚的历史文化底蕴。


C没有人会否认强国必须具有相应的大众福利制度。环顾当今强国，英美等，不但在军事经济上领跑世界，科技人文教育事业也很发达，不能忽略的是它们都有着完善的福利事业，用于救助弱势群体、发展公共事业。回顾往日强国苏联，科技事业发达，有庞大的经济实体，但最终解体，原因之一就是没有处理好大众福利事业，导致民众对社会主义制度失去信心。
军事是硬实力的终极体现，经济是社会物质文明发达的基础，科技是当代推动社会发展的原动力，社会福利、艺术文化底蕴则是一个国家软实力的重要体现，政治领袖的才华自然也不可忽视。因此，表征国家强大与否必须是一个能反映各方面实力的复合体。


When a nation’s force become huge enough that those neighbors or even all counties in the world have to consider its attitude before taking their own actions, it could be considered as a great power. The true sense of a great power must involve two aspects, hard power including military economy, as well as soft power such as social system, qualities of citizens, diplomacy, culture, arts and history. Character of a great power should be a combination which could reflect both the two aspects instead of just one of them.

Admittedly, an excellent general welfare exhibits a nation’s economic power; meanwhile, it is an exhibition of the nation’s soft power. For one hand, establishing a complete general welfare, need a strong economic fundament. Though there might be several individual donations, the government must take the main responsibility of financial by taxing. Thus, the existence of a complete general welfare system reflects the nation does have high revenue, which based on a great amount of social wealth. For another hand, obviously a perfect general welfare is helpful to increase qualities of the citizen and the stability of the whole society. Consequently, it is a part of soft power of a nation. From this perspective, general welfare could reflect a country’s strength in some degree.

However there is no more wrong than on the judgment of a notion’s power just by checking the degree of its general welfare system. In some so called welfare states such as the Scandinavia countries, enjoying the advanced welfare policy is an inborn right. It is said that a person born in such a country has various kinds of welfare from his or her birth to death. Yet in common sense, nobody will consider them as great powers in the world, even their names are far away from the definition of European great power. A careful scrutiny of the situation tells us that, those countries lack the final, direct, effective method to protect great powers’ authority, whose name is military force; their development of economy depends on non-corporeal economy, such as tourism and finance; they are week in the domain of industries on which depend the base of a nation; in addition, they lack a historic culture to unit their citizens.

No one will doubt that a great power can exist long without a complete general welfare system. United States is recognized generally as the most powerful country in the world today. It does have a corresponding welfare mechanism, from the federal financial aid organization to social security and public health insurances, to various individual charitable funds. These mechanisms increase public’s living level. Compared with United States, the ever existed Soviet Union also has advanced military force to contend with any enemy, strong productivity in heavy industries, developed high level of technology in every domain, various and colorful culture. Yet one of the reasons which lead to its final disintegration is that the serious lack of general welfare system for public causes public’s doubt to communism.

In sum, military is the final performance of hard power, economy is a nation’s fundament of developed material civilization, technology could be considered as one of the impetus to drive the whole society, social welfare, culture and art influence much on a nation’s soft power, as well, a leader’s politic talent is one of the great nation’s character. The indicator of a great nation must be a combination of all these factors, each of which reflects one of the significant parts.

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1# ken4huo

When a nation’s force become huge enough that those neighbors or even all counties in the world have to consider its attitude before taking their own actions, it could be considered as a great power. The true sense of a great power must involve two aspects, hard power including military(,) economy, as well as soft power such as social system, qualities of citizens, diplomacy, culture, arts and history. Character of a great power should be a combination which could reflect both the two aspects instead of just one of them.

Admittedly, an excellent general welfare exhibits a nation’s economic power; meanwhile, it is an exhibition (presentation) of the nation’s soft power. For one hand, establishing a complete general welfare, need (needs) a strong economic fundament. Though there might be (it depends on) several individual donations, the government must take the main responsibility of financial(这是个形容词) by taxing. Thus, the existence of a complete general welfare system reflects the nation does have high revenue, which based on a great amount of social wealth. For another hand, obviously a perfect general welfare is helpful to increase （enhance） qualities of the citizen and the stability of the whole society. Consequently, it is a part of soft power of a nation. From this perspective, general welfare could reflect a country’s strength in some degree.

However （，）there is no more wrong than （？）on the judgment of a notion’s power just by checking the degree of its general welfare system. In some so called welfare states such as the Scandinavia countries, enjoying the advanced welfare policy is an inborn right. It is said that a person born in such a country has various kinds of welfare from his or her birth to death. Yet in common sense, nobody will consider them as great powers in the world, even their names are far away from the definition of European great power. （我觉得这里前后是因果关系）A careful scrutiny of the situation tells us that, those countries lack the final, direct, effective method to protect great powers’ authority（？）, whose name is military force; their （指代不明） development of economy depends on non-corporeal（non-material） economy, such as tourism and finance; they are week(weak) in the domain of industries on which depend (on)the base of a nation; in addition, they lack a historic culture to unit their citizens.

No one will doubt that a great power can exist long without a complete general welfare system. United States is recognized generally as the most powerful country in the world today. It does have a corresponding welfare mechanism, from the federal financial aid organization to social security and public health insurances, to various individual charitable funds. These mechanisms increase (improve) public’s living level. Compared with United States, the ever existed Soviet Union also has advanced military force to contend with any enemy, strong productivity in heavy industries, developed high level of technology in every domain, various and colorful culture. Yet one of the reasons which lead to its final disintegration is that the serious lack of general welfare system for public causes public’s doubt to communism.

In sum, military is the final performance of hard power, economy is a nation’s fundament of developed material civilization, technology could be considered as one of the impetus to drive the whole society, social welfare, culture and art influence much on a nation’s soft power, as well, a leader’s politic talent is one of the great nation’s character. The indicator of a great nation must be a combination of all these factors, each of which reflects one of the significant parts.

我觉得你好像是有点跑题了，题目限定了体现强国的两个标志，你只论证了福利，忽略了伟人的成就。