argument51 请猛拍，必回拍

staroceanUID: 2271193

51The following appeared in a medical newsletter.

"Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. This hypothesis has now been proved by preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients. The first group of patients, all being treated for muscle injuries by Dr. Newland, a doctor who specializes in sports medicine, took antibiotics regularly throughout their treatment. Their recuperation time was, on average, 40 percent quicker than typically expected. Patients in the second group, all being treated by Dr. Alton, a general physician, were given sugar pills, although the patients believed they were taking antibiotics. Their average recuperation time was not significantly reduced. Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment."

题目：两个对照组（一组吃糖丸，一组吃抗生素）证明，吃抗生素的肌肉损伤病人恢复快，说明吃抗生素可以防止二次感染加快恢复。应该让所有的肌肉损伤的病人都吃抗生素来加快恢复。


1．           对照组不能充分证明抗生素的作用。对照组的资料没有，是不是基于同样的年龄层，病情轻重，本身的身体情况，其他的治疗手段是不是完全一样，人数有没有代表性。
2．           就算对照组真的可以证明吃了抗生素的恢复快，没有证据表明一定是通过防止二次感染导致的。没说是不是有感染，没说是不是真的减少了感染，慢的一组是不是有感染，可能压根就都没有感染。那就不可能是感染减缓了速度。
3．           就算真的抗生素可以通过防治二次感染加速恢复，是不是一定要所有人吃。有没有副作用，尤其对于孕妇，小孩，老人，有没有别的更好的方法防治二次感染，为了加速恢复其他的方法是不是更有效，

In this argument , the author attempt to convince us that all patients with muscle strain should take antibiotics which can prevent second infections and then accelerate recuperation. This recommendation is based on a study of two group of patients  treated with antibiotics or sugar pills. However, the evidence presented throughout the argument is vague and hence does not lend strong support to what the arguer claims.

First of all, the recommendation is based on two unsubstantiated assumptions. The first one is that the study of two groups of patients treated with antibiotics or sugar pill can sufficiently indicate that patients with muscle strain can recover faster by taking antibiotics．However, the author fails to provide any information that the two groups are in the exactly same condition except of taking antibiotics or sugar pills, leaving it possible that the first group (which is faster recovered) are younger or in better physical condition. Or perhaps, the patients in this group are not injured as seriously as the other group, and do not need longer time to recover. In addition, given that the first group’s doctor is specialized in muscle sports medicine, he or she may be more familiar and professional with this kind of treatment, and then help people heal more quickly. It appears reasonable, therefore, these factors instead of antibiotics responsible for the fact that the first group recovered faster. Moreover, since that no assurances was provided that the number of people involved in this study can typify patients in general, we cannot judge whether all the patients with muscle stain can heal faster or not, by taking antibiotics.

Moreover, even assuming there is correlation between taking antibiotic and healing faster, the argument still rests in the further assumption that the way through which antibiotic work is preventing second infection.(我想说抗生素一定是通过防止二次感染起的作用，怎么说也说不好) The author provides little information concerning the infection during treatment. How many patients suffered from the infection? Did the antibiotics prevent this infection in the first group? Whether the second group suffered form infection or not? Without these information, it is possible that infection did not happen to these patients at all—let  alone slow down the healing speed.

Finally, even if the author can substantiate all the forgoing assumptions, I remain unconvinced that all the patients with muscle injured should take antibiotics to raise recovering speed. What is the percentage of patients suffering from infection and needing antibiotics? If it is a extremely small number, then it is not necessary for all the patients to take it. Is there any side-effect by taking antibiotics, especially to pregnant women, children, or old people? Do people will be allergic to it? Just given preliminary results of the study, it is hard to say whether the patients are all healed completely but not just fast. In addition, do we have any other better choice to prevent infection and heal patients faster? Under either scenario,  antibiotics may not be simply put into use to all the patients.

In conclusion, the author’s conclusion is not convincing as it stands. To bolster this recommendation, the author has to provide more evidence that the study is reliable to indicate that taking antibiotics will prevent infection and healing patients faster. Still before I accept the final conclusion, the author must present more facts concerning the effectiveness and safety for taking antibiotics.




[ 本帖最后由 lastangel 于 2007-1-15 23:57 编辑 ]

最後の使徒UID: 2257608

标题格式错了, argument后面别接空格直接51, 是手误吧... 给你改过来了~

staroceanUID: 2271193

谢谢 不好意思有劳了
汗死 换了eva完全认不出来了。。。

[ 本帖最后由 starocean 于 2007-1-16 00:24 编辑 ]