Scientific American 60 Second Science听抄（有音频文件）

abstinentUID：137004

原文由几处错误！

If you don't subscribe to the Dutch Journal Entomology andExperimentalist at Oplecoda, you might have missed the news aboutfleas. The best way to get rid of a houseful of cat fleas is to reachfor the vacuum cleaner. The old uprigher （upright）isnot only lethal to adult bugs but it completely wipes out their young.Scientists from Ohio State University had set out to determine whatadditional measures might be needed to kill a bunch of hoovered-upfleas. Burning, freezing, poisoning, maybe even a good old fashion（fashioned） boots-dumping（stomping）.But it turns out that getting sucked into a vacuum bag does the wholejob. The researchers were so surprised by the results that theyrepeated the study several times. In each experiment, they sprinkledthe kitchen carpet with a hundred cat fleas, either adults orjuveniles. And they found the vacuum snoffed（snuffed） outpretty much all of them. What makes vacuuming so deadly is hard to say.The researchers admitted they didn't conduct postmortem among any ofthese deceast（deceased）. But they think it was the physical trauma of being sucked through the brushes that gave fleas a one way ticket to the kyton yard（chitin-yard）. Now if only scientists could come up with a safer way to vacuum the cat.

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entomology --- 昆虫学
experimentalist --- 实践主义者
flea --- 跳蚤
vacuum （注意拼写，两个U）
upright --- （名词）直立的东西
lethal （注意发音，是[li:th..], 不是  [leth..]）
hoover --- 胡佛吸尘器；吸尘
hoovered-up
stomp --- 重踩，重蹋；
boot-stompting
get sucked into ...
sprinkle --- 洒；
snuff --- 1. sniff or smell inquiringly
            2. inhale audibly through the nose
postmortem --- 死后的；已故的；
decease --- 死亡
deceased --- 死亡的；
the deceased
chitin-yard --- （查无此词）

[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-2 16:47 编辑 ]

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"The scientific community needs to be involved in promoting science education including evolution", so says the January issue of FASEB journal. FASEB is the Federation of American Societies for Experimental  Biology. 16 other organizations also signed onto the recommendation, including the National Academy of Science and the American Instituted （Institute of）Physics.  The article notes that the introduction of non-science such as creationism and intelligence design undermines fundamentals of science education such as using the scientific method,  understanding how to enrich （reach）scientific consensus, and telling scientific explanations for natural phenomena apart from non-science ones. The article included a survey of 1,000 likely USA voters. Those able to answer simple questions about "play tactonics"（tectonics）, proper antibioticues（antibiotic use）, and prehistory, were far more likely to support evolution education. Said journal editor Joe Wiseman the bottom line is that the world is round, humans evolved from an extinct species, and elva（elvis） is dead. This survey will wake up （is a wake-up）call for anyone who supports teaching information based on evidence rather than speculation or hope.

tectonic ---  1. the science of architecture  筑造学
                    2. the branch of geology studying the folding and faulting of the earth's crust 构造地质学
elvis --- Elvis Presley 猫王 （孤陋寡闻啊，猫王都不知道啊）
a wake-up call for
reach consensus

[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-3 14:24 编辑 ]

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Elvis Presley is one of the world's most famous singers, an icon of music and pop culture. Born in Tupelo, Mississippi in 1935, Elvis moved to Memphis with his family when he was 13. He was know locally for his singing talent and called himself "The Hillbilly Cat". In 1955, he signed to the recording label RCA.

This was the era of rock and roll, and Elvis Presley was a huge figure in this type of music. He was nicknamed "Elvis the Pelvis" due to his famous gyrations. When he appeared on television shows of the time, the cameras were not allowed to film Presley below the waist. He was managed by Colonel Tom Parker throughout his life. Parker also strictly controlled Presley's film career.

Elvis Presley starred in 33 films, the first of which was called Love Me Tender. Most of these films included Presley's singing, although he also tried some serious acting roles. Colonel Parker would not allow Presley to star in any films in which he did not have star billing. Critics panned most of the films, but the public, especially teenage girls, loved them. Box office earnings of his films reached 150 million US dollars (USD).

To date, Elvis Presley has sold over 1 billion albums worldwide. That is more than any other musical artist or group in the world. Presley has also had 18 #1 records on the Billboard chart. His first was Heartbreak Hotel in 1956, and his last was Suspicious Minds in 1969. He is only one of the very few artists who have been inducted into both the Country Hall of Fame and The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

The personal life of Elvis Presley did not detract from the adoration of his fans. He suffered from overeating and was said to be addicted to prescription drugs. He had two full face-lifts and rhinoplasty during the mid-1970s. His autopsy detected 10 different types of drugs in his blood and his weight was 260 lbs (118 kg). Presley died in 1977 with about 5 million USD in his bank account.

Elvis Presley bought the Graceland mansion in 1957 for 102,000 USD. It has 23 rooms and is surrounded by 13 acres. Graceland is now the second most visited house in America, beaten only by the White House.

Elvis Presley was known for his generosity. Friends, family and even total strangers often received presents from him. A favorite gift from Presley was one of his many Cadillacs. He once gave a poor woman a wheelchair, and when the woman's daughter admired Presley's car, he gave the car to the daughter.

Presley once said, "I want to entertain people. That's my whole life. To my last breath." In 1974, 89,000 people attended his concert for two days running. Elvis Presley is one of the world's most loved and admired singers. This was true before and even more so after his death.

[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-3 14:35 编辑 ]

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In the 1980s psychologists and philosophy（philosopher）, James Flin noticed one of the most striking trends of the 20th century, that the IQ scores have increased by about 3 points per decade across the globe for as long as we have ^had recorded tests. In his recent book "What is intelligence", Flan continues to refind（refine） reasons for this increase and in doing so to debug（debunk） the idea that IQ measures genetically controlled quality, and that any racial differences are deterministic. Flan notes the very fact that there are significant generational gains in IQ, means that scores cannot be ruled by genetics. Flin found that the highest gains are actually not on sub-tests that measure vocabulary and arithmetic but  rather on tests with questions like "How are dogs and rabbits similar?". The kind of question that can lead to （illicit）different answers depending on one's life experience and culture. Flin says that are modern life are more cognitively demanding, and so we've acquired something he calls 'scientific spectacles'. Today we are more likely to answer using abstract categories like "Dogs and rabbits are mammals" rather than the more concrete like "Dogs and rabbits are pets.". The former by the way is considered the correct answer.

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philosopher
debunk --- expose while ridiculing; especially of pretentious or false claims and ideas 揭穿；
deterministic
IQ measures genetically controlled quality
illicit --- 导出，诱出，引出；
modern lifes are cognitively demanding


[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-3 15:29 编辑 ]

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By now we’ve all heared （heard）about the placebo effect（affect）: just by thinking a pill will help cure what ails you, it often does. Well it turns out doctors sometimes take advantages of this effect（affect）. Yes, doctors, at least doctors in Chicago, occasionally purposely prescribe placebos. That’s according to a study in the journal of General and （-）Internal Medicine. Of 231 internets （internists）in Chicago who answered the survey in Chicago, 45% said they abuse （have used）placebos on accasion. The medicines of choices included antibiotics, vitemines（vitamins）, eyboprophin（ibuprofen）, and amounts of medication too small to be therapeutic, all prescribed for situations in which those pills shouldn’t have （+ had）an effect on the patients’ particular complaint. But a third of the doctors told patients that the pills might help and certaintly won’t hurt. About 20% simply tell them that’s the medicine. So even the prescribing of placebos remains controversical（controversial）, clearly some doctors are doing it. Decades ago, physicians prescribed placebos to distinguish who had a real problem and who was faking it. Today they recognize the reality of the mind-body connection, and that placebos can sometimes just be what the doctors ordered.

拼写问题很严重啊
controversial
hear -- heard -- heard
vitamin

internist --- 内科医生
ibuprofen --- 布洛芬(抗炎、镇痛药)
what ails you
placebo affect
on accasion
doctor's oder 医嘱

[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-5 13:42 编辑 ]

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原帖由 linkcc 于 2008-1-6 10:20 发表
楼主好强啊 我就没那个勇气拿这个练听抄,要好好向你学习

加入进来吧，开头有点郁闷；
写完一篇将近一个小时；
现在好多了
除了听60-second psych 语速觉得快，连读多，有些发音轻，以外都觉得还行；一般一遍可以掌握大意；两到三遍就能听全了

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No one ever sits in silence these days, but if we did, many of us would experience turnidos（tinnitus）. That is phantom noise. It’s normally high ringing like this(beep….), but it can  sound like crickets, or buzzing, or music. Now a Brazilian study has found that people won’t hear these noises as much if they simply aren’t listening. Volunteers with nomal hearing were put in sound-proof（soundproofed） rooms. When they focused on listening, almost 70% heard phantom noises. But when they focused on seeing, only 45% heard noises. And when solving a puzzle, only 20% heard noises. Some people have constant debilitating turnidos. For them, this study suggests that their peace（therapies） to divert attention from hearing could help. For everyone else, well, the best way to avoid turnidos, might be just not to listen very hard. In fact, you should probably forget about this program altogether. Oh, and don’t think about pink elephants.

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tinnitus --- 耳鸣
cricket --- 蟋蟀；板球
buzz --- 发出嗡嗡声；
soundproofed
therapy （发音）
pink elephants --- 幻觉；any visual hallucination arising from heavy drinking

[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-7 15:41 编辑 ]

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How frequent are nightmares for todlers （toddler）and what causes them? Those are the questions researchers at the University of Montreal have （hoped）to answer. They asked parents of about 1000 children to estimate the occurrence of their child’s nightmares from aged（age） two and a half, three to （through age）six. The parents were also questioned about their child’s disposition. First, it turns out that nightmares aren’t so frequent. About a third of the parents reported no nightmares at all. And then there’s the second result: Kids who were called difficult as early as five months were more likely to suffer from nightmares as todlers, and the ones who were （-）at one year and a half for （were）more anxious, more likely to cry, and more difficult to calm down, were also more likely to have bad dreams. The study author says this means children may be, well, like little adults. It’s already well established that adults tend to express real life stress and emotional problems as nightmares. The researchers suggest that focusing on kids’ day-time issues and on parenting techniques may help banish night-time demons.

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toddler --- 出血走路的孩子；a young child
age two through age six
demon --- 魔鬼

[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-9 09:17 编辑 ]

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这篇有点难啊，一两遍还听不懂啊

If you’re invading meat-eating Argentinian ant and you run out of prey. There’s only one thing to if you want to keep on invading --- beome a vegetarian. And that’s just what the carnivorists （carnivorous）Argentinian ants that have invaded California did. They switched and began to eat vegetable matter. Nor （No）, the two minimeters（millimeter ） long creatures （critter）did（+not） develop moral qualms about eating meat, and they aren't trying to save the planet. They just ran out of their first choice --- native ants. Researchers writing in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sicences say that these ants gobbled up the native ants which could ten times their size. The new comers then had no choice but to cobble load （carbo-load）, switching over to such sweet trees （treats）as honey dewnector produced by eight feets. The ants which are believed to have arrived on ships carrying coffee and sugar from Argentina in the 1890s have caused problems for big creatures as well. The coastal horned lizzard which dined on domestic ants has declined in numbers by about a half recently, apparently because the lizzard doesn’t particularly care for the Argentinian food.

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vegetarian ---- 素食的；素食者；
carnivorous --- 肉食的
critter ---- 生物,家畜, 马,牛
millimeter --- 毫米
carbo-load
treat --- 宴飨,款待
honeydew --- 蜜汁；甘汁
nectar --- 花蜜；甜美饮料

[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-10 08:51 编辑 ]

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Some genes that contribute to diseases can be traced back to what’s known as a founder mutation. It’s the first instance of that specific mutation which then gets carried by all subsequent generations. Mutations in one’s specific gene are known to give carriers a 69% greater risk of colon cancer by the age of 80. But it can be tough to figure it out who has it. Luckily, the Moreman church keeps great family records. Researchers at the University of Utah were able to figure out this mutation occured in only two extended families. One in Utah, and one in New York. So this is expected （they suspected）that someone（somewhere） in the history looked（lurked） a founder. They escolonased （used colonoscopy ）the information, genetic analysis of family memebers, and geneological （genealogical ）data and Moreman archives to trace the mutations all the way back to one couple. When Mr and Mrs Geoge Frie came to America from England in about 1630, they had no idea that they were bringing along the colon cancer risk gene. Fortunately, the Frie’s hundreds of 21st century descendents can be monitored and treated at the first sign of the disease.

lurk --- 潜伏；
genealogical --- 家谱的；谱系的；
colonoscopy --- 结肠镜
colon cancer --- 结肠癌
they suspected (发音，晕……)

[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-10 14:55 编辑 ]

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How fortunate it would be to predict your future, see things in other places, read minds. Yes, if we had ESP, think of all the thousands we’d save another tending （not attending）therapy. But what if ESP were scientifically once and for all debunked? Well, two Harvard psychologists say they published the most definitive evidence against ESP in this month journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. Their theory is that if ESP exists, subjects’ brains would respond differently to ESP related stimuli than to non-ESP related stimuli. They studied three kinds of ESP with subjects inside an emphamerila （FRMI）scanner. And those were telepothy（telepathy）, clairvoyence, and precognition. Telepothy（Telepathic） stimulis were photos that were shown stimultaneously（simultaneously） to both subjects and their close partners, like an identical twin. Clairvoyence stimuli were presented on a computer screen in a separate room. And precognitive stimuli were shown to subjects at a later time. Here’s the thing: pictures percieved though ESP should spark a supressed brain pattern, since the brain reacts differently to previously stimuli scenced （seen）stumuli than it does to normal stimuli. At last, researchers found no difference in the brain pattern between ESP and non-ESP stimuli. Of course getting a no （null）result doesn’t confirm that ESP doesn’t exist somewhere, it just weakens the possibility.

I’m not throwing out my Ouija Board just yet.

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attend therapy --- go to the clinic for treatment
once and for all ---- 彻底的。。。
FRMI --- 核磁共振（以前记过，明显忘了，要复习啊，555555）
telepathy --- 心灵感应
telepathic --- 心灵感应的；
simultaneously （注意这个发音）
Ouija board --- 占卜盘



[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-10 16:54 编辑 ]

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If you feel urged（the urge） to lay your head down on the desk for an afternoon nap, here's something to tell your boss. A nineteen（ninety） minutes snooze will actually help you remember that new task you just learned. Researchers at the University of Hithoe（Haifa） published the resutls of their nap study in the journalNature Neuroscience. They tested two groups. Each was asked to learn to bring their thumb and finger togeather in a specific sequence. One took a nineteen minutes nap afterwards, the other didn't. The group that slept had learned the sequence better by nightfall. By morning, the two groups had even doubt（evened out）. But the researchers say the nappers improved more rapidly the next day. Then the scientists took another two groups. Both learned two different thumb-to-finger sequences over a few hours. One group took a nap between the two tasks.  At night time, there was no difference between the two groups. But by morning, the nappers have learned the first task better. Scientists say this shows that siasters help ingrave （engrave）new tasks into a long term memory. Turns out that if you snooze you win.

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feel the urge to do sth.
even out --- 使)相等,(使)平均 become even or more even
engrave --- 雕刻； etch


[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-14 09:46 编辑 ]

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If I ask you to picture someone who recycles, you might come up with an image of an idealist（idealistic） young nature lover. Someone who has the time and energy to take a personal interest in environment. At the very least, you（'d） probably picture more earth mother than socker（soccer） mom. But a new study from University of Gunana suggests you’d be wrong because scientists there found that housewives are more ecologically aware than undergrads in that they’re more willing to recycle. The researchers assessed the recycling skills of some 500 university students and 150 homemakers. And they found that housewives seperated glass from their garbage more often than the students even though students say they’re proing environment（pro-environment）. So why are housewives better friends to the planet than students? Then the researchers say that maybe because it is easier for them. Students have to haul their bastock piles （vast stockpiles）of recyclables some distance to the proper recpticle（receptacle）, whereas housewives presumably just deposit their bottles at the curb. The researchers suggest that students could be encouraged to recycle by programs that emphasize how recycling is an ethical imperative for those who care about earth, or maybe the schools could just put a few extra recyling bins in the halls.

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soccer mom
Earth mother
pro-environment （前缀 pro-表示“in favor of something”, 放在形容词前面）
receptacle (拼写)
stockpiles --- 囤储物资
haul --- 拖,改变方向
an ethical imperative


[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-15 19:09 编辑 ]

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You'd think you （we）enjoy something based on its intrinsic qualities. Food should taste good because its molecues （molecules）take （tickle）our tugs（tongues）. But it's much more complicated than that. For example, one study has showed （shown）that knowing the ingredients and name brand of a beer can increase the drinkers' pleasure. What's going on in our brains that allows that to happen? Researchers at the California Institute of Technology recently investigated our neural response to this non-intrinsic stimuli. 20 subjects tasted what they thought were five different wines. They were given the price for each. But indeed（-） in reality, there were only three wines. Two were offered twice, once at a （ an alleged）low price, and once at a much higher price. And the subjects consistently said they enjoyed what they thought were expensive wines more. A functional FRMI （RMI）showed that there was no change in activity in the taste center of the brain when the subjects drank what they thought were costly （costlier）wines. But the FRMI also revealed increased activity in the brain's pleasure centers. So somehow our brains combined both the actual taste and what we expect about the taste. In this case, that'd a little be better because it's pricier in the viva veratas（vivo veritas）.

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molecule （拼写问题）
tickle
tongue （注意拼写）
shown （拼写，不是showed）
costly --- costlier --- cosliest --- costliness ；昂贵的；
pricy --- pricier --- priciest 昂贵的；
vivo veritas --- （没查到，不过查到vino veritas “酒后吐真言”）
an alleged price  （发音）

[ 本帖最后由 abstinent 于 2008-1-15 15:43 编辑 ]

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楼上的加油，你看看我第一次听写的情况，还不如你；
坚持就好