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[资料分享] 0910AW SPECTACULAR 之【SU & SY SO】第七期——名词 [复制链接]

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发表于 2009-12-15 17:20:27 |显示全部楼层
本帖最后由 小灵易碎 于 2009-12-15 17:21 编辑

小灵易碎学习笔记

2)单复同形 如:
  deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese
  li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin 
但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。
如:
a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters

6)
另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼

2)
抽象名词有时也可数。
  four freedoms 四大自由
  the four modernizations四个现代化
  物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量。
  如:
  a glass of water 一杯水 
  a piece of advice 一条建议

1) 用复数作定语。
  
如:sports meeting 运动会
  students reading-room 学生阅览室 
  talks table 谈判桌 
  the foreign languages department 外语系

4) 数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。
 如:two-dozen eggs 两打/(二十四个鸡蛋) 
     a ten-mile walk 十里路 
     two-hundred trees 两百棵树
      a five-year plan. 一个五年计划
个别的有用复数作定语的,如: a seven-years child

1.容易误用为复数的不可数名词:(这些名词一般不能用作复数,谓语动词用单数)
  advice 建议,忠告 living 生活,生计
  equipment 装备,设备 progress 前进,发展
  furniture 家具,设备 scenery 风景,景色
  information 通知;信息 machinery 机器,机械
  knowledge 知识,学问 traffic 交通流量
  baggage / luggage 行李,皮箱 trouble 烦恼,麻烦
  cash 现金 thunder 雷声,轰隆声
  apparatus 仪器 weather 天气,处境
  clothing 衣服 work 工作,劳动
  paper 纸,钞票 luck 运气,幸运
    technology 工艺,技术 jewelry 珠宝

5. and连接两个名词表示一个概念做主语时,谓语用单数; 若表示的是多个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。
  War and peace is a constant theme in literature.
  战争与和平是文学中永恒的主题。(War and peace是一对概念,看作一个主题)
  同例: ham and eggs n.火腿蛋 s
               team and bread
            law and order
               bread and butter
           apple pie and ice cream
               folk and knife
           wheel and axle 轮轴
               needle and thread
             love and hate
               egg and rice 蛋炒饭


8. 由 every …and every …; each … and each…; no … and no…; many a …and many a … 等连接的并列主语,谓语动词用单数。
  Every man and every woman working here is getting along well with me.
  No difficulty and no hardship has discouraged him.
9. 由 all of, most of, half of , a lot of, part of 等加名词构成的主语,谓语动词的数取决于该名词的单复数。
   All of us are going to see the game.
   All of his time was spent on gambling
   Three-fourths of the people are illiterate.
   同例: plenty of…, one fourth of…, none of…, some of …, majority of …,         percent of …, the rest of …, reminder of …。

11. 定语从句的谓语动词注意与先行词保持一致,但注意the only one of… 的用法。
   One of those men likes to drive fast.
   One of those men who like to drive fast is her son.
   He is the only one of those men who likes to drive fast.
13. the + adj / v-ed 表示一类人时, 用复数谓语动词; 表示抽象概念时, 谓语动词用单数。
  The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
  病人得到了医治,失踪的也找回来了。
  同例: the poor / dumb / innocent / guilty / unemployed / aged / oppressed / exploited…
  We can do the difficult first. The impossible takes a little longer.
  我们先从难题开始,不会的可能花的时间长一些。
  The best is yet to come. 好戏还在后头。
15. 当主语被one ( a ) and a half 修饰时,谓语动词用单数。
  One and a half apples is left on the plate.

16. 当主语由 a series of…, a portion of …, a species of …, a kind of …, a sequence of …, a chain of…, a piece of … 加名词(单数或复数)构成时, 谓语用单数。
  A series of lectures on psychology is said to be given by Mr. Li.
  A large portion of her poems was published after her death.

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