[经验思考] Argument句型自己总结的 [复制链接]

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电梯直达

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发表于 2009-9-22 11:59:31 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

正面adj：
Credible, firm, affirmative, compelling, sufficient
Legitimacy（正确性
合理性）convincing,
反面adj：

Unconvincing, unpersuasive, scant, tenuous, untenable, dubious, weak, questionable, unjustified

开头段：
To justify this conclusion/recommendation the author notes/cites that….
Further scrutiny of this article, however, reveals that none of the facts and evidences lends credible support to it.
(There are mainly three logical flaws in this article.)

中间段的（每一个问题的）结尾处：
1.
Falsely/simply equates…with…, which is unwarranted.
2.
While this may be true in some cases, but it is equally possible that….
3.
The fact that…..accomplishes nothing to bolster the recommendation
4.
If so, this fact would seriously/definitely weaken/undermine the author’s claim that…
5.
However, as it stands this evidence is far too vague to support the assumption that….
6.
Without ruling out/accounting for these possible factors/reasons for… , the author cannot draw any firm conclusion that…
7.
Comprehensive analysis is necessary to identify the actual causes of …..(也可用于结尾段)
8.
Establish a causal relationship between A and B
9.
The author draws a hasty conclusion which is based on inadequate evidence about…..
10.
The author draws a conclusion which is broader in scope that is warranted by the evidence advanced.
11.
There is no information available to justify any causal relationship between A and B.

和survey, experiment相关的问题：
1.
As we all know, a convincing survey rests on its statistical reliability, but there is no information about the exact quantities of the survey’s sample. The smaller the sample is, the less reliable the survey’s conclusion is.
2.
The author provides no evidence that the number of (respondents) is statistically significant or that the (respondents) are representative of … in general.

3.
The number of participants, …, might constitute an insufficient sample to draw any reliable conclusion that…..
4.
The author fails to indicate what portion of the people surveyed actually responded; the smaller this portion, the less reliable the result.
random sampling 随机性抽样法
randomly chosen

和“两者比较”相关的问题：
Unless the experiment was conducted in a controlled environment in which all factors were the same for the two ?s, it is impossible to draw any firm conclusion that/about….
Lacking evidence that conditions on the two ?S are relevantly similar, the author cannot….
Without accounting for such differences/variance, any analogy between the two ?s is premature, and any conclusion based on that analogy is completely unjustified.
结尾段：
Since the author fails to consider/provide …., I find this article completely unconvincing.