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注意现在此贴方向有所改变,看标题就知道了--新补了关于判定的解释: here
If you are unsure if you are subject to §212 , you may obtain an advisory opinion from the government. This advisory opinion is authoritative. If your DS-2019 form states that you are subject to §212 then you are subject to §212 . However, if your DS-2019 form does not state that you are subject to §212 , you may still be subject to §212 .
在此对中华人民共和国驻芝加哥领事馆教育处的同志们表示最诚挚的赞扬和感谢
初来美国,就听到很多关于中国官员在这边官僚作风的传言. 随着接触的人越来越多,听得也就越来越多了,到了最后我已经几乎完全相信了这些传言.一想着要和他们打交道就感到紧张和不安.
可是我后来一共几次和中国驻芝加哥领事馆教育处的官员接触,发现我可以公正的说好评率100%.
1, 第一次是因为要报到注册(其实也可以不用也可以办waiver) 我下载表格填写了就给寄送去了. 材料一到我就立即收到了措辞诚恳的确认信,效率辉常的高. 此时我想可能是我正好这次遇到个态度好的官员吧.
2, 第二次是寄送材料领取waiver申请表的时候. 我一算时间暗暗叫苦, 离中国最重要的节日春节就几天了,领事馆也要放假了. 按照我在国内的经历,这种时间大家都在盘算着放假活着准备节日的活动,根本不会认真的处理手里的工作, 我的申请表肯定要春节后一阵子才可能给我了. 结果我意外的3天后收到了申请表这份珍贵的春节礼物,为我waiver办理争取了半个月时间. 至于为何waiver申请需要争取时间,请查看我的帖子,辉常重要的. 此时我对芝加哥领事馆官员的印象有了重要的变化.
3, 第三次就是今天上午. 我前天寄送了申请的材料,今天他们就在进行审核了,速度辉常的快啊. 很不幸我的材料搞错了一个地方,居然漏填了好几项. 如果他们官僚一点完全可以打回来重新填写,这样周折估计10天又浪费了,更不用说万一过程中材料被寄送掉了的可能. 结果审理材料的官员辉常nice的给我打了电话,搜集了相关的信息,帮我修正了失误. 我只需要以后补充材料就行了. 此时,我不得不考虑: 三次交道居然都是这么愉快的结果! 加之以前和领馆的总领在音乐会遇到时他的谦逊态度,不得不让我说一句: 至少我遇到的这几位,都是好样的!
不管waiver最后是否可以搞定, 对这些勤恳的中国官员的赞扬是不能或缺的, 因此在本文的第一楼,表示我的感激和赞扬之意.
以前发过很多如何办理J1豁免即waiver的材料,但是美国政策更新很快,在此,我重新列一个专题,进行一定的解释说明,希望对广大J1苦海的同志门点上一盏明灯. 需要提请大家注意的是,下面信息来自网络,我只是根据我在visa板块工作的一年多经验加上自己多次问讯朋友的信息写作而成,不代表100%准确,也不代表都是我原创的文字.
---请大家提问前先把本帖所有楼都大概看一下 尤其是 119,157,167,185,188,190,197,214,251,267,269,272楼J1转F1的,以及那个rule,-只要不是申请H,K等就可以不遵守2年计划. 357楼是美国英文版本申请指导,重点是最后的东西,介绍如何知道waiver过了
感谢 dreamgl 于 2007-5-3 03:55 发表的内容
“share一些最新信息,我刚刚给DOS再次打过电话,说我递交材料一个月了,网上输入case number来check status还是没有显示,他们说在向他们递交材料和申请费后4至6周,才能check status online. ” 340楼大家一定要看,一个重要更正,关于发no objection letter的。!
如果有人要转这个帖子,请注明作者和出处,这个是最基本的礼貌,很不幸我在太傻见到某些网友大段使用,作为他她它自己的文字回帖,很不礼貌的~~~~~
1, 要转签证需要waiver???
2, J2如何办
好久没有管这边帖子,最近实在心情欠佳,sorry
J1,我们大学international office给我们做讲解的时候说明是分为三类, 交换学生,学者,和短期访问学者. 不过总体就是分2类
那个rule的确没有分类型,但是通常情况下,根据我知道的例子,我只能说J1交换学生可以转f1的比较多,J1博后很少很少. J1分交换学生和学者等2种,其中都有需要和不需要waiver的情况.只是前者绝大部分不需要,后者绝大部分需要而已.
而能不能F1,首先,不需要waiver的是肯定可以的,和这个rule是没有什么关系的.
但是一般签证官都很讨厌的在J1 visa上随便表明需要(很多其实不需要),所以我们只好当成我们都需要来看(除非有美国政府的正式判定). 这个时候,这个rule就cover了所有的J1身份人员. 但是实际操作中, 转f1的, 能够享受只要不是J,K什么的就可以再次入境的,是交换学生J1而不是博士后J1, 博士后J1最后拿到F1的实在太少,因为本来大部分就需要waiver,给你F1等于立即给办了waiver. 但是美国政策实在很混乱,所以,说不清楚.
清楚的记得
1,美国政府规定J1都需要回国2年服务.
2,美国政府又规定有些不需要服务. 本身就矛盾了.
3,各恼火的是美国政府又规定只要不是申请移民大类签证(就是可以直接申请绿卡的H等签证)就可以再次入境,比如F,B,甚至J 这个就和上面矛盾了
4,还有恼火的是美国政府又规定J1学者必须回国2年才能重新申请J1签证,又和上面第三条冲突了.
这样可以得出2各结论
1,法律法规等美国规章制度都tnnd的乱了,我问过移民律师,他们也搞不清楚J1到底怎么回事了
2,只要不是H,K等移民大类签证就可以不待2年而申请的规定,实际上不适合: 需要waiver的人, 而在具体操作中vo为了避免给自己惹上麻烦,把访问学者中不需要waiver的那小部分也保留进来了. 最后,一句话, 能够不待2年就再次申请F1签证的人,几乎只有交换学生J1中不需要waiver的一部分,J1学者除非你出示政府的判定,他们是不敢给你换的. 此外由于绝大部分交换学生J1都是不需要waiver的(除非政府学校为你出了钱),所以vo大多也搞不清楚, 大家都可以去大胆尝试,据理力争.
这个麻烦是这些规定冲突导致的,恶果就是vo见J1大多都写需要服务,然后你J1转F1大都搬出2年服务计划来避免自己惹上麻烦. 在执行过程中又不断有例外发生,比如需要waiver的确转成了F1(据说可能以后还是需要waiver,但是F1不具备waiver的条件,那岂不只有回国乎?),这个实在搞不清楚了.
这里有一段: 实际上I officer自己也是矛盾的:
What is the J-1 two-year home-country residence requirement? Will I be subject to it?
If you hold J-1 student status in the U.S., you will be subject to this requirement IF
- you receive partial or full financial support from your home government, the government of the U.S., or an international agency, OR
- you study in a field that is listed under your home country on the Exchange Visitor Skills List published by the State Department at http://exchanges.state.gov/education/jexchanges/participation/skills_list.pdf, OR
- you work in the U.S. as a medical resident or intern. If you are subject, you will have to spend two years back in your country (not just outside the U.S.) before you become eligible for status as a nonimmigrant H-1B temporary worker or L-1 intracompany transferee, OR as an immigrant or permanent resident. If you are subject, then so are your J-2 dependents. F-1 status will not make you subject to this requirement. Note, however, that a J-1 student who is subject, and
Visa versus Status: One can expire, the other may not!
In casual conversation, the term visa is often used to mean both a person’s visa and his
or her status. For example, you will hear someone say: “He is here on a visa.” Or: “She
is applying for a work visa.” While this gives the listener a general idea within the
context of the conversation, it is inadequate for the understanding of what visa really
means (and doesn’t). Nor does it help foreigners present in the U.S. in a non-immigrant
category understand their rights and responsibilities in conjunction with their immigration
status. It is a very important distinction to understand, so please read this document
carefully.
When someone wishes to come to the U.S. temporarily (whether for a number of weeks
as in the case of a tourist or a number of years as in the case of an H-1B worker), he or
she must obtain a visa to enter the U.S. When admitted into the country -at an air, land
or sea port, also referred to as port of entry- the individual obtains a status. That status
is typically reflected in the visa, but visa and status are two vastly different things.
A foreigner who wishes to enter the U.S. must contact a U.S. consulate or embassy
abroad and apply for a visa. Such an application requires a number of support
documents. In the case of an international student, these documents would include a
valid passport, a Form I-20 or DS-2019, financial support documents, and the
application Form I-156. In the case of an H-1B worker planning to come to the U.S. the
documents would include the passport and application form, a copy of the H-1B petition,
as well as an Approval Notice indicating that the H-1B petition filed in conjunction with
hiring the worker has been approved by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service.
If the visa application is approved and the individual receives the visa, an adhesive label
covering one entire page of the passport is placed in the passport. It looks like the
sample below and is often referred to as the “visa stamp.”
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
The visa shows the Visa Type/Class, in this case F1, as well as the issue and expiration
dates of the visa. However, the only act to which the visa entitles the visa holder is
to travel to a U.S. port of entry and ask to be admitted to the U.S. The inspector at
the port of entry, upon examining the other documents of the visa holder as well, will
decide whether or not the visa holder may enter the U.S. If the inspector does admit the
individual into the U.S., this admission confers status to the visa holder. At the same
time, the visa becomes insignificant.
At the time of admission, the individual is issued a Departure Record, also referred to as
an I-94 or I-94 card. It is a white card which travelers receive en route to their U.S.
destination, usually during the flight if they travel by air. This card is then endorsed by
the inspector at the port of entry, who also retains part of it. It is one of the most
important immigration-related documents in the individual’s possession.
The I-94 also shows the status in which the individual was admitted and the expiration
of that status. The card is usually stapled into the passport and looks like this:
Please note the endorsement in the upper right portion of the card. It shows where and
when the individual entered the U.S., in which status, and when that status expires. In
most cases, the expiration will be given as a specific date. In the case of an F-1 or J-1
student, the expiration will be shown as D/S, which stands for Duration of Status. The
duration of status is based on the form I-20 or DS-2019. On the date that document
expires, the person’s status ends.
The status does not end, however, when the visa expires. The length of time for which
a visa is valid is based on reciprocity agreements between the U.S. and other countries.
Each country has a different agreement with the U.S. and visas vary in validity from two
months to several years and may allow the visa holder just one or two entries into the
U.S. or multiple entries, allowing him or her to travel back and forth an unlimited number
of times while the visa is valid.
Status is F-1
Status is valid for
D/S - Duration of
Status, i.e. until I-
20 or DS-2019
expires
In other words, the validity of the visa is completely independent of the validity of the
person’s status. That also means that it is perfectly acceptable for the visa to expire.
While one is in the U.S., no visa is needed. Only when departing from the U.S. and
then wishing to re-enter does the traveler need a valid visa. If the visa in the passport
has expired, then that means he/she must apply for a new one.
Status, on the other hand, refers to the set of rights of responsibilities an individual has
toward the government. Statuses include citizen, permanent resident, F-1 student, H-
1B specialty worker, and many more. Non-immigrant statuses are controlled by certain
documentation. For example, the Approval Notice for an H-1B application will show
until when the H-1B is valid. The specialty worker will be in status until that time,
assuming that he/she obeys the regulations pertaining to that status. If the worker
violates the regulations that govern his/her status, then the person is out of status,
which means that he/she no longer has a lawful basis for being in the U.S. and a variety
of consequences may ensue. The same is true of a student, who is considered to be in
lawful status until the expiration date on his/her I-20 or DS-2019, assuming that the
person obeys the pertinent regulations. If the student violates the regulations pertaining
to student status, then that person is out of status, even though the expiration date on
the I-20 or DS-2019 may not have been reached.
If this all seems very complex, think of it this way:
Let’s say you own a house. You also have the key to the house. You require the key to
enter the house. Once you are in the house, there is no further need for the key until
you decide to leave and eventually wish to re-enter. The key is like the visa.
Your status, however, is not “holder of the key” but “owner of the house.” If you were to
lose your key, you would nevertheless continue to own the house. You would merely
have to obtain a new key to enter.
If, however, you somehow lost ownership of the house, then you would no longer have
the status of owner. Even if you still had a key, the house is no longer your house.
Ownership of the house, of course, compares to non-immigrant status.
To summarize:
Your visa entitles you to arrive at a port of entry and ask to be admitted into the U.S.
Once you have been admitted, it is okay for the visa to expire. You have no need for a
valid visa until you have left the U.S. and wish to re-enter.
Upon your admission into the U.S., a status is conferred upon you. You must maintain
that status at all times, meaning your documents governing that status must be valid at
all times, and you must obey the regulations pertaining to that status.
And finally: Something that has expired cannot be extended. Only while you are in
valid status can you extend that status or change to another status. Always contact our
office at least one month before the expiration of an I-20 or DS-2019 and six months
before the expiration of H-1B status.
[ 本帖最后由 红颜祸水 于 2008-3-29 01:15 编辑 ] |
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