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这也是3号写的一篇,是同主题的内容。当时写着觉得有些绕,后来自己又改了一些,觉得似乎比以前清楚,但是感觉很晕,希望战友们多来批一下,我这篇一休的致命点在何处。谢谢~
ps:同主题的哈,写过的大家都讨论一下好么?字放这么大,为方便大家看的,可以不用盖原文,提出自己的想法也很欢迎~
-----题目------
There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always guided by the observer's expectations or desires.
提纲:
1,承认纯粹客观的观察不存在;
2,但是说所有的观察都是主观的太绝对。要分情况来看。
3,对……是主观的,(举例)
4,对有大家认同的准则的领域,观察是客观的(举例)
5,总结。
------正文------
Everyday, we observe the world with our eyes and unconsciously make our own judgment for them. Descriptions from different individuals can hardly be the same. Then is observation, whether the action itself or the result of it objective or subjective? From my point of view, purely objective observation does not exist, but the assertion that all observation is guided by the observer's expectations or desires and thus subjective is too arbitrary.
Admittedly, purely objective observation does not exist in the world, no matter from what condition. First we can take a look at the action "observation", it is completed by observers, different observer must have different way to observe certain things thereby the result of the observation must be influenced by certain observer's perspective due to various experiences, habits and characters. What's more, if we look further into the observer's description about his or her observation, no matter how allegiant the observer's attitude toward the trueness, his or her certain characteristics on describing them will definitely vary a lot. Even with highly developed machines, the operation of the observer can have some effect on the observation itself. Therefore, due to it is human who observe certain thing and express them to the world rather than things themselves, there is not an observation can be purely objective.
However, if we get the statement that all observation will be subjective just because all observers will unconsciously or purposely have their own expectations and desires and routes to observe and judge the observation, it will be too haste and arbitrary. Because observation consists of both the behavior of observing and the result it can represent to others. Now that the result varies from situation to situation, whether the observation is subjective or not would undoubtedly varies.
In situations or areas where people's own feelings dominate the observation or some behavior itself is to express people's attitude toward the world, observations will be subjective because the origins of these observations are extremely subjective. For example, a politician's observation and the following judgment of it will absolutely reflect his or her own attitude towards it. In fact, from the very beginning, the observation is totally dominated by the politician's own political thinkings, whether for certain benefits or from unconsciously vocational analysis. Additionally in areas like art, artists' observations of the world could never be objective since it is the artists' spiritual root to observe everything in a freely subjective condition. Therefore when we observe the completed art, what we observe and feel could not the same as the natural one.
But in areas where cold numbers and truth agglomerate together to build a science and there are quite admissive standards for representing observations, observations are not likely to be affected by individual's subjections. Take biology for example, when researchers are doing experiments, all the statistics, all the phenomena, all the processes are observed and described in a scientific way rather than an individual's habit. Therefore the phenomenon or process itself just reveals what the truth goes rather than what the scientists have planned. What's more, with the development of technology, some accurate observations have already turned to machines' work and thus minimize the difference can be made by different people. So no matter how scientist deal with the observation, the final result will never be changed and and then be judged by other scientists in a scientific way. In a word, in realms where there is a standing criterion to judge everything, the observation could be objective because it reveals the truth.
To sum up, due to the observers' operations and attitudes, purely objective observation does not exist, but since whether the final results' departure from the natural condition or not rely on different situations, to judge all observations are subjective is not reasonable.
[ Last edited by staralways on 2005-8-5 at 02:38 ] |
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