[i习作temp] ISSUE138 风之声 第四次作业 [复制链接]

ISSUE138 "Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress."

提纲，同意，失败和成功有很紧密的联系，重大事件成功后面往往经历多次失败，但失败不是成功的必然。  trial-and-error

1重大时间成功后面要经历多次失败

Observation of daily life and retrospection into the history informs me that making mistakes is the necessary condition in many cases while it is never the sufficient one.

例子：爱迪生（Edison）发明电灯（bulb），史蒂芬孙（斯蒂芬森，英国工程师，铁路机车的发明家。早年做工，没有受过学校教育，直到18岁还是一个文盲，Stephenson）发明火车前也经历很多失败，最后改良成功.这些例子无一不说明，在成功之间，是失败告诉他们，走这条路不对的，而且失败的经验总结出规律(rule,law)，帮助我们更加认识正确道路在哪儿。

2不是失败导致成功，而是失败后的总结经验使得走向成功可能性变大；若失败不总结经验，重复失败是危险的。blind trials。

3没有失败的成功也是建构在别人的失败的基础上的，前人已经为我们失败过无数次了。

If the author want to present the meaning that mistake is the inevitability of a new discovery or progress, I would disagree with him. But I still have to emphasize the importance of mistakes as the positive factors in the new discovery or progress.

As a Chinese proverb says that failures are the mother of success, we have to acknowledge that many big progresses in science or other realms would undergo numberless failures or mistakes. Observation of daily life and retrospection into the history informs me that mistakes is the important condition in many cases. Thomas Edison, one of the greatest of inventors of all time, after hundreds of trails and more than a year of steady work, developed a high-resistance carbon-thread filament which could endure very high temperature as the incandescent thread. He cherished these failure experiences and he said that at least they told him that the road is not the right direction.  Stephenson after many times of failures successfully improved the locomotive as practical ones which stimulate the widespread subsequent construction of locomotive and the laying of railroad lines. Bill Gates, before he successfully developed the first Windows version operation system, have come through countless programming codes mistakes, even now the latest vista still have many errors. All these examples indicate that there are complicated co-relationships between mistakes and discovery or progress. We could not know where the right way to a new discovery or progress is, but we indeed get experiences or at least a sense from the mistakes that we could not try the same way.

But mistake and failures are not the sufficient ones. We must know how to summarize experience from the mistakes. It’s not the failure lead to success, but the experiences we get from failure, which help us avoid the same mistakes once time, enlarge the possibility of new discovery or progress. From the example of Edison above mentioned , he tried more than 1600 different materials and made had thousands trial-and-error for his experiment, all these failure told him that he should try another way or change some experiment parameters, and increased the sense why he would failure or what are the right attributes for the thread. Without summarize the failure experience, we may always try the same way which means we still at the same position without any progress, or we just try blind trials without any directions.

Now at a technology development and information increasing great era, all things is so complicated so that we need other’s effort and success to help us make new discovery and progress. In science, we have many theories and principles, and we do our research based on these facts and we make to success. But these theories and principles embodied failures the endured by the scientists before us. We could not neglect the great efforts made by them to come through mistakes and failures. Without their contribution, we still could not make any progress or new discovery.

In sum, we must confront the mistakes or failures positively and realize that they help us avoid tumbling at the same roadblock once time. How to summarize the experience from the mistakes is more important than simply undergo mistakes and failures.

If the author want to present the meaning that mistake is the inevitability of a new discovery or progress, I would disagree with him. But I still have to emphasize the importance of( a little redundant here, maybe this can be taken out)mistakes as the positive factors in the new discovery or progress.

As a Chinese proverb says that failures are the mother of success, we have to acknowledge that many big progresses in science or other realms would undergo numberless failures or mistakes. Observation of daily life and retrospection into the history informs me that mistakes is the important condition in many cases(this is really well stated). Thomas Edison, one of the greatest of inventors of all time, after hundreds of trails and more than a year of steady work, developed a high-resistance carbon-thread filament which could endure very high temperature as the incandescent thread. He cherished these failure experiences and he said that at least they told him that the road is not the right direction.  Stephenson after many times of failures successfully improved the locomotive as practical ones which stimulate the widespread subsequent construction of locomotive and the laying of railroad lines. Bill Gates, before he successfully developed the first Windows version operation system, have come through countless programming codes mistakes, even now the latest vista still have many errors.(Is vista considered as a progress?the mention of vista's error does not support your argument)(Is the example of Bill Gates belongs to "Observation of daily life", why it is behind examples of "retrospection into history", namely the examples of Edison,Stephenson) All these examples indicate that there are complicated co-relationships between mistakes and discovery or progress(Your examples indicates that major success or breakthrough came after a series of mistakes and failures, they do not, however, evidenve what yuu described as "complicated co-relationships between ...."). We could not know where the right way to a new discovery or progress is, but we indeed get experiences or at least a sense from the mistakes that we could not try the same way.

But mistake and failures are not the sufficient ones(I guess you want to say "Mistakes and failures do not guarantee progress"). We must know how to summarize experience from the mistakes. It’s not the failure lead to success, but the experiences we get from failure, which help us avoid the same mistakes once time, enlarge the possibility of new discovery or progress. From the example of Edison above mentioned , he tried more than 1600 different materials and made had thousands trial-and-error for his experiment, all these failure told him that he should try another way or change some experiment parameters, and increased the sense why he would failure or what are the right attributes for the thread. Without summarize the failure experience, we may always try the same way which means we still at the same position without any progress, or we just try blind trials without any directions.

Now at a technology development and information increasing great era(maybe "In this great era of rapid technology innovation and information accretion"), all things is so complicated so that we need other’s effort and success to help us make new discovery and progress. In science, we have many theories and principles, and we do our research based on these facts and we make to success. But these theories and principles embodied(embody might not be a good choice, how about resulted from?) failures the endured by the scientists before us. We could not neglect the great efforts made by them to come through mistakes and failures. Without their contribution, we still could not make any progress or new discovery.

In sum, we must confront the mistakes or failures positively and realize that they help us avoid tumbling at the same roadblock once time. How to summarize the experience from the mistakes is more important than simply undergo mistakes and failures.

I think the position you took and the supporting ideas you give are really impressive