issue120 【文以载道一月小组】第三周第2次作业（总6） 牌名国中

牌名国中UID: 2566209

TOPIC: ISSUE120 - "So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present."

Outlook:
(有保留的赞成)
1.学习过去帮助我们解释人类行为的变化。
2.学习过去帮助我们建构当下的生活。
3.学习过去帮助我们进行道德反省。
4.小让步：一些问题基于人类本性，不是单纯学习历史就能解决的。


Although today’s world is quite different from the past, I totally disagree with the speaker's assertion that we can know little from understanding the past. My points of contention with the speaker involve the fundamental functions of history.

The first function of history that helps us understand and explain change in human behavior is no mere abstraction. Take an important human phenomenon such as alcoholism for example. Through biological experiments, scientists have identified the specific genes that cause the proclivity toward alcohol addiction in some individuals. This is a notable advance. However, alcoholism as a social reality, has a history: the rates of alcoholism have risen and fallen, and they have varied from one group to the next, attitudes and policies towards this addiction have also changed and varied. History is indispensable to our understanding about how these changes occur. Sometimes historical analysis as a kind of exploration is more useful than gene experiment. In fact, the research of history has contributed a lot to our understanding of alcoholism, and to our grasp of such addiction as an evolving social problem. History provide the only significant material available to research human condition, and it focuses attention on the complex processes of social changes affect us, and what factors causes these changes.


The second function of history is helps us gain another experience of our daily lives. History well told is beautiful, not only satisfy our art and entertainment needs, but also reveal how people and societies have actually functioned, and they prompt thoughts about the human experience in other times and places. The same aesthetic and humanistic goals inspire people to immerse themselves n efforts to reconstruct quite remote pasts, far removed from immediate, present-say utility. Exploring what historians sometimes call the “pastness of the past”-the ways people in distant ages constructed their lives-involves a sense of beauty and excitement, and ultimately another perspective on human life and society.

The third function of history is providing us a terrain for moral contemplation. To study the stories of individual and situations in the past, we can test our moral sense, to hone it against some real complexities individuals have faced in difficult settings. Humans who have weathered adversity, not in the work of fiction, but in real, history can provide inspiration. "History teaching by example" is a phrase describes the use of the study of the past, not just of certified heroes, the great men and women who had successfully worked through moral dilemmas, but also of many ordinary people, who give lessons in courage, diligence, or constructive protest. In short, studying history benefits our dealing with our present-day moral problems.

However, despite of these functions, no amount of studying of the past can solve some specific aspects of human problems, such as poverty, wars, and aggression, for the reasons that they stem from some aspects of human natural. Knowing about past just let us know that they have a long history, they occurred from human emergence. It is up to our jurists, economists, diplomats, scientists and social reformers-not just historians-to ultimately mitigate the undesirable aspects of human nature.

In sum, although studying of the past can not help us solve certain problems, the importance of it is obvious, to solve some social problems, such as alcoholism, to provide new appreciating of our lives, and to offer moral reference are good examples.



[ 本帖最后由 牌名国中 于 2008-12-4 21:57 编辑 ]

牌名国中UID: 2566209

感谢xiny85的批改~
每次看你的批改（这是第二次了）都获益匪浅，你有很尖锐的眼睛呢~


TOPIC: ISSUE120 - "So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present."

Although today’s world is quite different from the past, I totally disagree with the speaker's assertion that we can know little from understanding the past. My points of contention with the speaker involve（感觉这个词用的很怪啊） the fundamental functions of history.（I argue with the speaker based on the fundamental functions of history）谢谢你这么好的改写。My points of contention with the speaker involve。。。学自《北美范文》issue31原句：“My points of contention with the speaker involve the fundamental objectives and nature of research, as discussed below：我与演讲人争辩的要点涉及研究的基本目标和本质，阐述如下”

The first function of history that helps us understand and explain change in human behavior is no mere abstraction. Take an important human phenomenon such as alcoholism for example. Through biological experiments, scientists have identified the specific genes that cause the proclivity toward alcohol addiction in some individuals. This is a notable advance. However, alcoholism as a social reality, has a history: the rates of alcoholism have risen and fallen, and they have varied from one group to the next, attitudes and policies towards this addiction have also changed and varied.() History is indispensable to our understanding about how these changes occur. Sometimes historical analysis as a kind of exploration is more useful than gene experiment. In fact, the research of history has contributed a lot to our understanding of alcoholism, and to our grasp of such addiction as an evolving social problem. History provide the only significant material available to research human condition, and it focuses attention on the complex processes of social changes affect us, and what factors causes these changes.
谢谢你一针见血地指出这个问题，我同意你的观点，并且认为这一节确实是大失败。
（我们了解这些过去，对我们现在的guid 是什么呢，你好像没有讲啊 整段你大部分是在讲历史可以让我们了解人类的变化，了解以后呢？？你因该主要讲的是了解past对现在的指引。或者你可以说历史为我们现在的研究提供充分的背景资料，然后对我们现在的new complex 起到什么作用呢）

The second function of history is helps us gain another experience of our daily lives. History well told is beautiful, not only satisfy our art and entertainment needs, but also reveal how people and societies have actually functioned, and they prompt thoughts about the human experience in other times and places. The same aesthetic and humanistic goals inspire people to immerse themselves in efforts to reconstruct quite remote pasts, far removed from immediate, present-say(day) utility(没看懂啊)可能是因为字写错的缘故吧? far removed from immediate, present-say（day） utility都修饰“quite remote pasts”，远远地离开当下的过去。. Exploring what historians sometimes call the “pastness of the past”-the ways people in distant ages constructed their lives-involves a sense of beauty and excitement, and ultimately another perspective on human life and society.（这里也有些不懂啊 没明白你的意思哦）建构他们的生活——包括美感和兴奋感，最终是关于生命和社会的另一种感知。
这段没弄明白你的用意啊
基本解题：study of the past→study of history→历史的作用。
本节:学习历史让在重建过去的过程中，也重建了我们的当下生活（从对当下生活的感知理解上而言）。

The third function of history is providing us a terrain for moral contemplation. To study the stories of individual and situations in the past, we can test our moral sense, to hone it against some real complexities individuals have faced in difficult settings. Humans who have weathered adversity, not in the work of fiction, but in real, history can provide inspiration. "History teaching by example" is a phrase describes the use of the study of the past, not just of certified heroes, the great men and women who had successfully worked through moral dilemmas, but also of many ordinary people, who give lessons in courage, diligence, or constructive protest. In short, studying history benefits our dealing with our present-day moral problems.
（可以加一些发生在自己身上的例子可能比较有说服力啊）谢谢！很好的建议~
这段讲的还不错啊 呵呵

However, despite of these functions, no amount of studying of the past can solve some specific aspects of human problems, such as poverty, wars, and aggression, for the reasons that they stem from some aspects of human natural. Knowing about past just let us know that they have a long history, they occurred from human emergence. It is up to our jurists, economists, diplomats, scientists and social reformers-not just historians-to ultimately mitigate the undesirable aspects of human nature.
历史让我们发现有些问题的根源， 这个和你的第一个论证感觉是一回事哦，可以把它作为第一段的很好的例子，个人意见啊 呵呵
本节主要讲的不是历史让我们发现有些问题的根源，而是历史也有无力解决/无力单独解决的事情，因为一些行为根源于人类的本性。学习历史只是让我们知道这些行为有很长的历史罢了——取《范文》历史不是万能药之观点。

In sum, although studying of the past can not help us solve certain problems, the importance of it is obvious, to solve some social problems, such as alcoholism, to provide new appreciating of our lives, and to offer moral reference are good examples.

跟人建议啊 可能不对啊：全文 都没有提到那个 new comples哦?什么意思呢不知道这样行不行啊 不论术一下前提。


语言上写的还比较好哦 就是有些句子比较长反而影响连贯。读起来可能有些费力啊

[ 本帖最后由 牌名国中 于 2008-12-5 22:19 编辑 ]

xiny85UID: 2345869

TOPIC: ISSUE120 - "So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present."

Outlook:
(有保留的赞成)
1.学习过去帮助我们解释人类行为的变化。
2.学习过去帮助我们建构当下的生活。
3.学习过去帮助我们进行道德反省。
4.小让步：一些问题基于人类本性，不是单纯学习历史就能解决的。


Although today’s world is quite different from the past, I totally disagree with the speaker's assertion that we can know little from understanding the past. My points of contention with the speaker involve（感觉这个词用的很怪啊） the fundamental functions of history.（I argue with the speaker based on the fundamental functions of history）

The first function of history that helps us understand and explain change in human behavior is no mere abstraction. Take an important human phenomenon such as alcoholism for example. Through biological experiments, scientists have identified the specific genes that cause the proclivity toward alcohol addiction in some individuals. This is a notable advance. However, alcoholism as a social reality, has a history: the rates of alcoholism have risen and fallen, and they have varied from one group to the next, attitudes and policies towards this addiction have also changed and varied.() History is indispensable to our understanding about how these changes occur. Sometimes historical analysis as a kind of exploration is more useful than gene experiment. In fact, the research of history has contributed a lot to our understanding of alcoholism, and to our grasp of such addiction as an evolving social problem. History provide the only significant material available to research human condition, and it focuses attention on the complex processes of social changes affect us, and what factors causes these changes.
（我们了解这些过去，对我们现在的guid 是什么呢，你好像没有讲啊 整段你大部分是在讲历史可以让我们了解人类的变化，了解以后呢？？你因该主要讲的是了解past对现在的指引。或者你可以说历史为我们现在的研究提供充分的背景资料，然后对我们现在的new complex 起到什么作用呢）


The second function of history is helps us gain another experience of our daily lives. History well told is beautiful, not only satisfy our art and entertainment needs, but also reveal how people and societies have actually functioned, and they prompt thoughts about the human experience in other times and places. The same aesthetic and humanistic goals inspire people to immerse themselves n efforts to reconstruct quite remote pasts, far removed from immediate, present-say utility(没看懂啊). Exploring what historians sometimes call the “pastness of the past”-the ways people in distant ages constructed their lives-involves a sense of beauty and excitement, and ultimately another perspective on human life and society.（这里也有些不懂啊 没明白你的意思哦）
这段没弄明白你的用意啊

The third function of history is providing us a terrain for moral contemplation. To study the stories of individual and situations in the past, we can test our moral sense, to hone it against some real complexities individuals have faced in difficult settings. Humans who have weathered adversity, not in the work of fiction, but in real, history can provide inspiration. "History teaching by example" is a phrase describes the use of the study of the past, not just of certified heroes, the great men and women who had successfully worked through moral dilemmas, but also of many ordinary people, who give lessons in courage, diligence, or constructive protest. In short, studying history benefits our dealing with our present-day moral problems.
（可以加一些发生在自己身上的例子可能比较有说服力啊）
这段讲的还不错啊 呵呵

However, despite of these functions, no amount of studying of the past can solve some specific aspects of human problems, such as poverty, wars, and aggression, for the reasons that they stem from some aspects of human natural. Knowing about past just let us know that they have a long history, they occurred from human emergence. It is up to our jurists, economists, diplomats, scientists and social reformers-not just historians-to ultimately mitigate the undesirable aspects of human nature.
历史让我们发现有些问题的根源， 这个和你的第一个论证感觉是一回事哦，可以把它作为第一段的很好的例子，个人意见啊 呵呵

In sum, although studying of the past can not help us solve certain problems, the importance of it is obvious, to solve some social problems, such as alcoholism, to provide new appreciating of our lives, and to offer moral reference are good examples.

跟人建议啊 可能不对啊：全文 都没有提到那个 new comples哦 不知道这样行不行啊 不论术一下前提。

语言上写的还比较好哦 就是有些句子比较长反而影响连贯。读起来可能有些费力啊

[ 本帖最后由 xiny85 于 2008-12-5 21:13 编辑 ]