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你的Issue估计我没啥时间改了,看看后面有空没。
先把这篇放上来好了:
"For many years all the stores in our chain have stocked a wide variety of both domestic and imported cheeses. Last year, however, the five best-selling cheeses at our newest store were all domestic cheddar cheeses from Wisconsin. Furthermore, a recent survey by Cheeses of the World magazine indicates an increasing preference for domestic cheeses among its subscribers. Since our company can reduce expenses by limiting inventory, the best way to improve profits in all of our stores is to discontinue stocking many of our varieties of imported cheese and concentrate primarily on domestic cheeses."
According to the sales(这里要说清楚是cheese sales) of their newest store and the results of a survey by Cheeses of the World (magazine), the president of a chain of cheese stores comes to the conclusion that the west way to improve(improve这个词用作提高的意思的时候是形容质量而非数量的) profits in all of their stores is to discontinue stocking many of their varieties of imported cheeses and concentrate primarily on domestic cheeses. Though sound as it seems, the reasoning is flawed in several aspects.(这段看得出来,你审题错误了。按照你的第一段,仅仅是两个原因就推出了结论,然而,
作者的论证方式是:1.国产的奶酪卖的好(已给)+2.杂志的调查(已给)---> 推论1:本国的产品更受欢迎(潜台词:外国的不受欢迎)
【你忽略了这些】3.limiting inventory对减少开销有用(已给)--->推论2:limiting inventory对增加利润有用
接下来:推论1+推论2---->只卖本国的,不卖外国的奶酪对增加利润有用。(结论)
【然而你的第一段:】1+2--->结论
所以用这种简单的模板式开头,自然就会出现逻辑错误,我都能看出来,相信ETS老师绝对能看出来,我想这个也是为什么最近的XDF之类模板,考下来大家都觉得有话说,理当得高分,然而实际上得分低的原因。)
To begin with, in the newest store the domestic cheddar cheeses from Wisconisin are the best selling cheeses does not mean that all the domestic cheeses sell well. (第一个批驳点:部分不能代表整体)It is entirely possible that all the other domestic cheeses nevertheless sell badly. Perhaps, in the newest store, the domestic cheeses except for those from Wisconisin sell not as well as the imported cheeses and(连词用的不对) the overall sales of imported cheeses are far more than that of domestic cheeses. If this is the case, discontinuing stocking the imported cheeses, the stores, whose overall sales will drop sharply, will(虚拟语气表推测) definitely lose huge profits. Unless the president finds out the other cheeses' sales(过于笼统), his proposal will not be convincing(这个用特殊颜色标出来,我最后来说).(这段最大的问题是破题不好,通常的情况下看来,5种最畅销的奶酪,已经能够包括到接近80%的奶酪市场情况了,而作者依然认为奶酪的总销量会被其他的不畅销的本国奶酪拖后腿从而低于外国奶酪(估计还占不到20%)的销量,这是小概率事情。)
Besides, even assuming that in the newest store, the sales of domestic are better than those of imported cheeses, the president's advice still be too hasty.(这句是败笔,句子内部是有逻辑联系的,句子之间也是有逻辑联系的,然而不管是从你的even if,还是下面一句话,我始终看不出你是如何套到advice(就是最后的结论)上去的,批驳的中间段一定要记住:你批的不是结论,是推出结论的直接或者间接的“推论”,就是那个-->) The president has not provided any evidence that the newest can typify all of their stores.(仔细多读几遍这个句号的前后两句话,就会有一种特别难受的感觉,因为他们之间没有关系,就是硬生生的摆在一起而已) There are many disparities among all the stores, such as the geography positions(我始终想不明白geography positions如何影响到作者结论的,估计ETS老师也不明白,你是不是该在下面举个例子?), the economical conditions(这个倒是容易懂) of the cities where the stores are located, the tastes of the stores' customers, which will lead to different results(空话!最忌讳这种,要说就说明确,是哪些) of the president' proposal in variable stores. To guarantee this proposal can improve profits, the presidents must make an investigation to(怎么扯到的investigation上的...) learn what the sales in other stores and whether the sales of the newest store can represent all the stores' sales.(问题1:这段写的很“空”,我稍微回头算了一下,至少有4句话就是翻来覆去,不停的换表达方式的说:“作者给的材料没有代表性,不能够证明作者的结论”,然而为什么不能证明?你的有限的3句回答当中出了问题2:和上一段简直说的就是一件事情。都是讨论的没有本国的奶酪销售没有代表性,上一段至少我看明白了是因为不能由部分推至整体,这一段完全搞不懂是从哪个角度入手的,非常的混乱...)
In addition, the result of the survey by the magazine can lends little support to the president's proposal. (讨论调查的代表性)The majority of the survey's respondents are the subscribers of the magazine and (could) not (be) representatives of the overall customers of this chain of cheese stores. Perhaps the respondents' tastes differ greatly from the tastes of this chain of stores' customers, who more prefer imported cheeses. If the president wants to know what the tastes of his stores' customers,(这句话是怎么来的?题目中有提到?) he should do a survey among the customers of their chain of stores, rather than blindly believing one magazine’s survey.(因果关系不明显,推断也是有问题的,仅仅是两个probably, perhaps,你就推出了最后一句,从而证明了第一句?如果这样都行,那随便个人都能否定全世界了。你需要更多“详细”的论述说明1.为什么这种可能性会发生,2发生了这种可能性以后对作者的推论有什么压倒性的影响。)
In sum, there are still many jobs demanding the presidents to do before his proposal's carried out. Such as, making an investigation to learn what the sales of the other cheeses and what the tastes of customers in all the stores of the chains are.(个人习惯,向来不改结尾,没意思)"
zycly86 发表于 2009-2-19 16:49
问题很大,很多,很严重,除开语言比较流畅文字功底还不错以外,逻辑实在是相当多漏洞可以钻。
总结一下你的中间3段,除开第二段不知所云以外,1,3段分别对应的是两个作者已经给出的材料。
然而我在第一段结束的时候画的那个推理过程,可以很明显的看出,作者的漏洞,大大的有,绝对不是你批2个给出材料的可信度,就能够insightful驳倒的
我想大家根据 XDF或者其他人的资料,都是觉得批标注了(已给)的东西的真实性才是argument,实际上,真正最重要的东西,在“--->”上,光死盯着一个材料的真实性,可信度,代表性,仅仅只是皮毛而已。
语言也仅仅是一个锦上添花的东西,关键还是内涵。
此外最需要提醒你的一点就是:黄色的批注,是经常犯的错误,argument,每个小段批的都是推断,不是批的结论,更不是批的材料。
最后评一下分好了,3-4分之间吧 |
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