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结构-好词-生词-表达-难句
Beauty(节选)
By Scott Russell Sanders
Judging from the scientists I know, including Eva and Ruth, and thosewhom I've read about, you can't pursue the laws of nature very longwithout bumping into beauty. "I don't know if it's the same beauty yousee in the sunset," a friend tells me, "but it feels the same." Thisfriend is a physicist, who has spent a long career deciphering whatmust be happening in the interior of stars. He recalls for me histhrill on grasping for the first time Dirac's equations describingquantum mechanics, or those of Einstein describing relativity. "They'reso beautiful," he says, "you can see immediately they have to be true.Or at least on the way toward truth." I ask him what makes a theorybeautiful, and he replies, "Simplicity, symmetry, elegance, and power."
Why nature should conform to theories we find beautiful is far fromobvious. The most incomprehensible thing about the universe, asEinstein said, is that it's comprehensible. How unlikely, that ashort-lived biped(二足动物) on a two-bit planet should be able to gauge the speedof light, lay bare the structure of an atom, or calculate thegravitational tug of a black hole. We're a long way from understandingeverything, but we do understand a great deal about how nature behaves.Generation after generation, we puzzle out formulas, test them, andfind, to an astonishing degree, that nature agrees. An architect drawsdesigns on flimsy paper, and her buildings stand up throughearthquakes. We launch a satellite into orbit and use it to bouncemessages from continent to continent. The machine on which I writethese words embodies hundreds of insights into the workings of thematerial world, insights that are confirmed by every burst of letterson the screen, and I stare at that screen through lenses that obey thelaws of optics first worked out in detail by Isaac Newton.
By discerning patterns in the universe, Newton believed, he was tracingthe hand of God. Scientists in our day have largely abandoned thenotion of a Creator as an unnecessary hypothesis, or at least anuntestable one. While they share Newton's faith that the universe isruled everywhere by a coherent set of rules, they cannot say, asscientists, how these particular rules came to govern things. You cando science without believing in a divine Legislator, but not withoutbelieving in laws.
I spent my teenage years scrambling up the mountain of mathematics.Midway up the slope, however, I staggered to a halt, gasping in therarefied air, well before I reached the heights where the equations ofEinstein and Dirac would have made sense. Nowadays I add, subtract,multiply, and do long division when no calculator is handy, and I cando algebra and geometry and even trigonometry in a pinch, but that isabout all that I've kept from the language of numbers. Still, Iremember glimpsing patterns in mathematics that seemed as bold andbeautiful as a skyful of stars.
I'm never more aware of the limitations of language than when I try todescribe beauty. Language can create its own loveliness, of course, butit cannot deliver to us the radiance we apprehend in the world, anymore than a photograph can capture the stunning swiftness of a hawk orthe withering power of a supernova. Eva's wedding album holds only afaint glimmer of the wedding itself. All that pictures or words can dois gesture beyond themselves toward the fleeting glory that stirs ourhearts. So I keep gesturing.
"All nature is meant to make us think of paradise," Thomas Mertonobserved. Because the Creation puts on a nonstop show, beauty is freeand inexhaustible, but we need training in order to perceive more thanthe most obvious kinds. Even fifteen billion years or so after the BigBang, echoes of that event still linger in the form of backgroundradiation, only a few degrees above absolute zero. Just so, I believe,the experience of beauty is an echo of the order and power thatpermeate the universe. To measure background radiation, we need subtleinstruments; to measure beauty, we need alert intelligence and our fivekeen senses.
Anyone with eyes can take delight in a face or a flower. You needtraining, however, to perceive the beauty in mathematics or physics orchess, in the architecture of a tree, the design of a bird's wing, orthe shiver of breath through a flute. For most of human history, thetraining has come from elders who taught the young how to payattention. By paying attention, we learn to savor all sorts ofpatterns, from quantum mechanics to patchwork quilts.
This predilection brings with it a clear evolutionary advantage, forthe ability to recognize patterns helped our ancestors to select mates,find food, avoid predators. But the same advantage would apply to allspecies, and yet we alone compose symphonies and crossword puzzles,carve stone into statues, map time and space. Have we merely carriedour animal need for shrewd perceptions to an absurd extreme? Or have westumbled onto a deep congruence between the structure of our minds andthe structure of the universe?
I am persuaded the latter is true. I am convinced there's more tobeauty than biology, more than cultural convention. It flows around andthrough us in such abundance, and in such myriad forms, as to exceed bya wide margin any mere evolutionary need. Which is not to say thatbeauty has nothing to do with survival: I think it has everything to dowith survival. Beauty feeds us from the same source that created us. Itreminds us of the shaping power that reaches through the flower stemand through our own hands. It restores our faith in the generosity ofnature. By giving us a taste of the kinship between our own small mindsand the great Mind of the Cosmos, beauty reassures us that we areexactly and wonderfully made for life on this glorious planet, in thismagnificent universe. I find in that affinity a profound source ofmeaning and hope. A universe so prodigal of beauty may actually need usto notice and respond, may need our sharp eyes and brimming hearts andteeming minds, in order to close the circuit of Creation
Comment:
Elegant,I can only utter words like this to express my idea toward the article above.Rather than pinpoint the words and sentence, i decide to recite it in a whole.
Even amazed about the math,number to me was no more than a tedious symble. Comparing to fine arts, which is vividly perceived form life and rather beyond life,math shared nothing related to beauty. Later, I recognized that the attraction of math comes from its simplicity, symmetry, elegance, and power. With world filled with complication and comphrehension, number can easily fit itself to the rule and reveal the inner connection of nature. As Newton put it,"tracing to the hand of God“ is indeed a job of a scientists'. |
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