Issue50：第一篇，求拍；-）

crossbowUID: 2689120

50."In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach."

主题：大学之道，在于社会，在于专业。空谈理论有不足，结合实践能提高。实践看情况，有些没促进，有些倒干扰，有些没法搞。因此，可与不可，莫要一而概论。


正一：加深行业理解。发现潜问题，寻求解决道。启发新思路。促进新研究。补充新知识，学生乐津津。
正二：转化研究成果。解决实际问题。为社会造福，为学校增收。
正三：利用业界优势，方向性合作。政府项目，多方合作，系统工程。
正四：发展业界关系。打通渠道，树立影响。拉赞助。促就业。

反一：教授本忙碌。分散更不足。质量受影响。学生意见大。
反二：业界比较挫。没有实质性。尽是体力活。教授没提高。对啥有帮助。
反三：心理与哲学，要么想非非，要么搞教学。哪里有业界，让他去工作。

结尾：工作好，也不好。做决定，要看全。

[2小时，850字]




College and university education has much difference with that for elementary and secondary school students. One of the primary goal of college and university education is to develop students to capable citizens, with responsibility and skills, who can solve social problems and make scientific innovations to improve human lives. Therefore, it's necessary that faculty should stay current with society and industry so as to better educate their students. One of the most effective way to achieve the goal is to work in the professions relevant to the courses they teach. While being involved as such brings many benefits, there are also disadvantages. Work outside academia may stress professors' schedules which are already very tight. And there are other disadvantages as well.
[17：00]




There are many benefits for professors whose daily work are conducting research, teaching courses and advising students to work in professions outside academia.

The first and most obvious benefit is to gain a better understanding on industries and the society. They may find long-standing problems which are important in practice but have been ignored by academia. The solving of such problems makes the most sense in reality, since these are often the problems that affect workers' productivity and consumers' daily life. Further, many industrial practitioners follow their own approaches making discoveries and solving problems. It would be very helpful for researchers who have been in academic world for a long period and have already got used to the academic way of thinking to be exposed to these new approaches. Moreover, both practical problems and different ways of thinking, when they are bought back to college, can inspire the interests of students, encourage them to think and act in different ways, and lead them to innovations.
[18:00]




Second, working in industries is a good way for technology transfer. Let innovative technologies alone in labs would not make any contributions to the society, and this does not align with the goal of academic research - that is, looking for the most important problems, considering them in creative ways and find solutions for them. Thus, researchers and faculty members in college and universities should take the responsibility of applying their research results to improve daily lives and to solve real-world issues. At the same time, the fees and revenues from such transfers can increase the income of colleges and universities and provide funds for new research.
[14:00]




Third, collaborations between academia and industry can be promoted when professors and researchers work together with practitioners who are always getting their hands on real-world problems. Such collaborations are basises for multi-disciplinary research and large governmental programs. It's through the collaborative efforts among government, academia, and industry that such  programs as space exploration and military-sponsored national defence be completed. Just considering the examples of Mars Robot, Moon Landing, and DARPA Grand Challenge, enormous human effort are involved in quite a long time to get things done. It would be impossible without the closely tie of cooperations between all participant organizations.
[14:00]




Also, the relationships between universities and companies can be brought much closer by allowing faculty members to take relevant positions in companies. Faculty member can also help win reputation for their universities by their contributions at work. Close relationship have positive influences on the development of universities by ways of promoting graduate employment in companies and getting external funds and sponsorships.
[10:00]




While the advantages of allowing faculty working in relevant professions are evident, the disadvantages should not be neglected.

Every people today, in such a fast-paced society, far too often has more things to handle than they can, work, families, social activities, business, etc. As a professor in college or university, one's schedule is almost always full. Any more work added means that they must spend less time on other things, such as research, advising, teaching, professional service and departmental duties. Reducing teaching and advising time would leave students without enough guidance and affect their study and research. The decrease of research time will also be negative, since the number of papers published and projects investigated will decrease, too. Therefore, the faculty can easily become overloaded with additional requirements.
[15:00]




Even when faculty members set enough time aside for professional work, whether they can benefit from such work is not assured. It's common in industries that many jobs are just labor-intensive and require no much creativity or expertise. Spending time on such jobs is a waste of faculty resources, since more valuable things can be done with that time.
[6:00]




At last, we should also take such disciplines as philosophy into consideration.  It's unlikely that faculty members in these fields will find positions which is relevant to the academic courses they teach, simply because that such jobs are rare. Therefore, research and teaching in the academic world are better choices for them.
[7:00]




For many faculty members, working outside academia in professions which have tight connections with the courses they teach is beneficial. Yet, this practice also has some disadvantages. Therefore, college and universities should consider the disadvantages before making such a decision that requires all faculty to do so.
[9:00]