argu188 要考了啊 有拍必回啊

nieyongUID: 2742661

TOPIC: ARGUMENT188 - A new report suggests that men and women experience pain very differently from one another, and that doctors should consider these differences when prescribing pain medications. When researchers administered the same dosage of kappa opioids-a painkiller-to 28 men and 20 women who were having their wisdom teeth extracted, the women reported feeling much less pain than the men, and the easing of pain lasted considerably longer in women. This research suggests that kappa opioids should be prescribed for women whenever pain medication is required, whereas men should be given other kinds of pain medication. In addition, researchers should reevaluate the effects of all medications on men versus women.
请各位高手指教啊~~谢谢~~

WORDS: 308
TIME: 00:30:00
DATE: 2010/3/1 21:44:26
提纲：1. 调查的样本大小，代表性
               2. 调查仅仅根据人的痛觉，有主观性
              3. 不一定对所有女人有效， 所有男人就应该用别的
               4. 也并不一定要所有药都重新评估
In the argument, the author concludes that kappa opioids should be prescribed for women once pain medication is needed while other painkillers should be given to men. Additionally, the author suggests that reevaluation ought to be made on the effects of all medications. To support his argument, the author cites a newly conducted report which shows the differences in the pain between men and women. The argument seems to be logical at the first glance. However, careful examination reveals that it lend little credible evidences to the author's conclusion.


A threshold problem involves the validity of the report. Samples for the research should be statistically reliable. Unfortunately, we find little sign of such procedures of sampling after close scrutiny of the report. thus doubting whether there is a large enough size of sample to sufficiently draw a conclusion. The research cited only cited 48 persons and not to mention the unequal numbers of men and women, then any evidences obtained from it is untenable. Because the argument provides no evidences that would rule out these interpretations, the result of the research is insufficient to support the author's conclusion.


Secondly, even assuming the report is valid enough to obtain the evidence, the result of the report is still dubious. The result of the research largely depends on the feeling reported by the respondents, however, common sense tells us that feeling is such a subjective concept, which can be easily influenced by minor changes of people, the mood or their tenacity for instance. To have a more convincing conclusion, the author should provide more objective evidences.


Furthermore, even assuming the statistics of the report are correctly obtained, as the case of extracting teeth cannot represent all the situations when people feel pains, the author fails to consider other factor that could lead to the differences in pain, the health of each for example. Medicine should be used according to the practical conditions of the patients. Every individual has it unique immune system and heredity, kappa opioids can never be applied to all women, and similarly we cannot regard the painkiller useless to every man. These scenarios, if true, may cast serious doubt upon the author's conclusion.


Last but not least, even assuming what have discussed about kappa opioids are concrete facts. We don’t necessarily require all medications to be reevaluated. After all, the huge cost of it should be taken into account and whether benefit will offset the time consumed is also doubtful. Also, not all medicines need consideration upon the difference between men and women, usually, it doesn’t make much difference.
  

On all accounts, the argument is unpersuasive as it stands. To bolster it, the author should provide more details to ensure the validity of the research. Moreover, to strengthen the logic of the argument, the author should rule out other factors that could also lead to different degrees of pain in men and women. Finally, to better assess the conclusion, we would need more information about the patient in order to use proper medicine.

danhomUID: 2687956

In the argument, the author concludes that kappa opioids should be prescribed for women once pain medication is needed while other painkillers should be given to men. Additionally, the author suggests that reevaluation ought to be made on the effects of all medications. To support his argument, the author cites a newly conducted report which shows the differences in the pain between men and women. The argument seems to be logical at the first glance. However, careful examination reveals that it lend little credible evidences to the author's conclusion.（最后两句话可以合并成一句更简单一点的，这样套模板据说叫“没有信息量”）

A threshold problem involves the validity of the report. Samples for the research should be statistically reliable. Unfortunately, we find little sign of such procedures of sampling after close scrutiny of the report. thus doubting whether there is a large enough size of sample to sufficiently draw a conclusion. The research cited only cited 48 persons and not to mention the unequal numbers of men and women, then any evidences obtained from it is untenable. Because the argument provides no evidences that would rule out these interpretations, the result of the research is insufficient to support the author's conclusion.

Secondly, even assuming the report is valid enough to obtain the evidence, the result of the report is still dubious. The result of the research largely depends on the feeling reported by the respondents, however, common sense tells us that feeling is such a subjective concept, which can be easily influenced by minor changes of people, the mood or their tenacity for instance. To have a more convincing conclusion, the author should provide more objective evidences.（我觉得以上两个可以归结成一个调查不可信的错误，写成一段，因为像第一个错误的话，在用词方面大家都差不多，很怕雷同- -，而且单写样本小的话，这个错误好像不怎么Strong。。。）

Furthermore, even assuming the statistics of the report are correctly obtained, as the case of extracting teeth cannot represent all the situations when people feel pains, the author fails to consider other factor that could lead to the differences in pain, the health of each for example.（TP和下面的举例最好是不是分开来写呢？这样看起来清楚一点。。。个人觉得啦~） Medicine should be used according to the practical conditions of the patients. Every individual has it unique immune system and heredity, kappa opioids can never be applied to all women, and similarly we cannot regard the painkiller useless to every man. These scenarios, if true, may cast serious doubt upon the author's conclusion.（我觉得这段攻击性不是很强，因为没有什么具体的反例。。。）

Last but not least, even assuming what have discussed about kappa opioids are concrete facts. We don’t necessarily require all medications to be reevaluated. After all, the huge cost of it should be taken into account and whether benefit will offset the time consumed is also doubtful. Also, not all medicines need consideration upon the difference between men and women, usually, it doesn’t make much difference.
  
On all accounts, the argument is unpersuasive as it stands. To bolster it, the author should provide more details to ensure the validity of the research. Moreover, to strengthen the logic of the argument, the author should rule out other factors that could also lead to different degrees of pain in men and women. Finally, to better assess the conclusion, we would need more information about the patient in order to use proper medicine.

LZ其实有一个flaw没找到，那个实验里是针对智齿，但结论里说需要止痛药，没有具体到哪里痛~有个以偏概全的错误。。。
呵呵~祝楼主好运咯~加油~


PS上我的拙作：https://bbs.gter.net/viewthread.php?tid=1071178&extra=page%3D1%26amp%3Bfilter%3Dtype%26amp%3Btypeid%3D102