进军美利坚tpo阅读疑难解答帖

反衬UID: 2328867

请问楼主 TPO1戏剧起源的第九题

In addition to exploring the possible antecedents of theater, scholars have also theorized about the motives that led people to develop theater. Why did theater devel ...
lonly2005 发表于 2010-9-20 15:23

第四个选项中心词是problems。可是文章并没有说两个theories有什么problems哦。

lonly2005UID: 2903092

526# 反衬

谢谢!

xqsissyUID: 2812149

问大家一道词汇题的做题方法！

4. The word “sophisticated” in the passage is closest in meaning to

○Complex
○Amazing
○Creative
○Practical

到底这个词“sophisticated”想表达的是什么情感？

如果我考试的时候就是不知道这个词的意思，前后文该怎么去寻找它要表达的情感？

我就会在complex 和amazing中间徘徊。
大家给个意见！

xqsissyUID: 2812149

请教反衬老师！

这种选择正确位置的题时间短暂，1分钟内，怎么准确判断？！

Paragraph 6: ■Because they are always swimming, tunas simply have to open their mouths and water is forced in and over their gills. ■Accordingly, they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. ■In fact, tunas must swim to breathe. ■They must also keep swimming to keep from sinking, since most have largely or completely lost the swim bladder, the gas-filled sac that helps most other fish remain buoyant.

11. Look at the four squares [■l that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.

“ Consequently, tunas do not need to suck in water. ”
Where would the sentence best fit?

－－－－－－－ 下面是当时做题1分钟内的思路－－－－－
Consequently,因此，于是，后果。
Accordingly,相应的，按照。。。

因为第2句“Accordingly, 。。。。” 还在讲述这个事实。
所以，我才会觉得，放在第二句后提到总结的作用。

请教，我错在哪里？
并且，这种题目，时间短暂，1分钟内，怎么快速反应出应该把句子放进哪一个里面？有没有技巧可循？

xqsissyUID: 2812149

继续问问题！ 不耻下问！！！！～～～～：P

Paragraph 3: Tunas, mackerels, and billfishes have made streamlining into an art form. Their bodies are sleek and compact. The body shapes of tunas, in fact, are nearly ideal from an engineering point of view. Most species lack scales over most of the body, making it smooth and slippery. The eyes lie flush with the body and do not protrude at all. They are also covered with a slick, transparent lid that reduces drag. The fins are stiff, smooth, and narrow, qualities that also help cut drag. When not in use, the fins are tucked into special grooves or depressions so that they lie flush with the body and do not break up its smooth contours. Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight for the same reason.

3. Why does the author mention that Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight?
○To show that air resistance and water resistance work differently from each other
○To argue that some fishes are better designed than airplanes are
○To provide evidence that airplane engine have studied the design of fish bodies
○To demonstrate a similarity in design between certain fishes and airplanes

正确答案是4，我错选了3。
我自己分析错误原因如下，请老师指教！

注意！ 3提到engine,这是文中有迷惑选项“engineering”，但实际上文中这句话说的是“landing gear”与 “engine”无关

-----
但是，老师，我现在做题，只给每道题不超过半分钟－1分钟的时间思考，所以，这样快速做题，就会容易看到上面有engineeringe,认为理所当然，下面有engine,肯定是正确的，还兴致勃勃的认为自己聪明，选的快，抓的准。可惜却反而错了。真正只需要看原句就能分析出来，看了上下文，反而会被弄混。

老师说，这该怎么办呢？

xqsissyUID: 2812149

Paragraph 1: Buffalo, zebras, wildebeests, topi, and Thomson’s gazelles live in huge groups that together make up some 90 percent of the total weight of mammals living on the Serengeti Plain of East Africa. They are all herbivores (plant-eating animals), and they all appear to be living on the same diet of grasses, herbs, and small bushes. This appearance, however, is illusory. When biologist Richard Bell and his colleagues analyzed the stomach contents of four of the five species (they did not study buffalo), they found that each species was living on a different part of the vegetation. The different vegetational parts differ in their food qualities: lower down, there are succulent, nutritious leaves; higher up are the harder stems. There are also sparsely distributed, highly nutritious fruits, and Bell found that only the Thomson’s gazelles eat much of these. The other three species differ in the proportion of lower leaves and higher stems that they eat: zebras eat the most stem matter, wildebeests eat the most leaves, and topi are intermediate.

还是词汇题，要是我死活就是不知道这个词的意思，我咋做呢？

我上下理解之后，就认为是1， 结果错了，是2。
这个该怎么理解呢？

2. The word sparsely in the passage is closest in meaning to
○widely
○thinly
○clearly
○freshly

请大家支个高招！

xqsissyUID: 2812149

531# xqsissy
查字典之后，我知道sparse= thinly 稀疏

但是如果没有查字典，就是不知道含义，到底怎么上下文可以猜或者推断出来呢？
我通过上下面，就推断出是widely.
这，难道必须把所有单词都会背下来。。。？

xqsissyUID: 2812149

又是一道词汇题！ 我栽到它手上了。。。

Paragraph 4: The differences in feeding preferences lead, in turn, to differences in migratory habits. The wildebeests follow, in their migration, the pattern of local rainfall. The other species do likewise. But when a new area is fueled by rain, the mammals migrate toward it in a set order to exploit it. The larger, less fastidious feeders, the zebras, move in first; the choosier, smaller wildebeests come later; and the smallest species of all, Thomson’s gazelle, arrives last. The later species all depend on the preparations of the earlier one, for the actions of the zebra alter the vegetation to suit the stomachs of the wildebeest, topi, and gazelle.  

10. The word fastidious in the passage is closest in meaning to
○rapid
○determined
○flexible
○demanding

做题的思路： fast－-看起来象个词根，所以是1，而且带进去含义还不错；还考虑过是不是3。

但是都是错的，正确的只有4。

啊！！！！ 抓狂了。。。 这个要是词汇就是不认识，词根词缀帮不上忙，怎么上下文理解啊

dandan17UID: 2812933

533# xqsissy

上下文有时是不准确的。王玉梅什么词汇都停下来吧。赶紧过我群里发的那份对应词汇。考试的时候就看人品了，一般不会太难。

xqsissyUID: 2812149

Paragraph 5:

As her technological expertise grew more sophisticated, so did the other aspects of her dances. ■ Although she gave little thought to music in her earliest dances, she later used scores by Gluck, Beethoven, Schubert, Chopin, and Wagner, eventually graduating to Stravinsky, Fauré, Debussy, and Mussorgsky, composers who were then considered progressive. ■ She began to address more ambitious themes in her dances such as The Sea, in which her dancers invisibly agitated a huge expanse of silk, played upon by colored lights. ■ Always open to scientific and technological innovations, she befriended the scientists Marie and Pierre Curie upon their discovery of radium and created a Radium Dance, which simulated the phosphorescence of that element. ■ She both appeared in films—then in an early stage of development—and made them herself; the hero of her fairy-tale film Le Lys de la Vie (1919) was played by René Clair, later a leading French film director.

13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
For all her originality in dance, her interests expanded beyond it into newly emerging artistic media.

Where would the sentence best fit?
我选择是1，答案是4。 大家给点建议，我研究半天也没有出来。。。。


－－－－－
我发现自己词汇题，排序题做的很差。。。 今天错的8题，有5题是词汇，2题是排序。。。

dandan17UID: 2812933

Paragraph 3: The most influential proponent of the coastal migration route has been Canadian archaeologist Knut Fladmark. He theorized that with the use of watercraft, people gradually colonized unglaciated refuges and areas along the continental shelf exposed by the lower sea level. Fladmark's hypothesis received additional support from the fact that the greatest diversity in Native American languages occurs along the west coast of the Americans, suggesting that this region has been settled the longest.

% e) Z2 Y9 V. t; [3 D6. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways to leave out essential information.
○Because this region has been settled the longest, it also displays the greatest diversity in Native American languages.
○Fladmark's hypothesis states that the west coast of the Americas
has been settled longer than any other region.
○The fact that the greatest diversity of Native American languages occurs along the west coast of the Americans lends strength to Fradmark's hypothesis"
& e1 q6 T9 l. y! m○According to Fladmark, Native American languages have survived the longest along the west coast of the Americas.


这道题我的思路是
看指定句子。抓准主干， the greatest diversity in Native American languages occurs along the west coast of the Americans。
强调的是语言多样性以及发生的地点。Suggesting后面是次要信息，讲这个地点说明了什么。
所以不看选项，心里先清除：答案一定要有语言多样性以及发生的地点。
看选项，A干掉，无地点。B干掉，无多样性。C 满足，留着。D干掉，无多样性。回看C，虽然没有暗示这个地点说明了什么，但已抓住主要信息。
另外还有这个句子必须要有F这个人，A没有，也可排除。


反衬老师：这种题目一定要搞清楚题目要求。答案只要表达出关键信息即可。次要信息省略也是可以的。9 f* P# @( N. g'这种题目要比照的不是全部信息，而是句子的关键逻辑和主干。
如果把原文的主干提取出来，其实就是“hypothesis received support from the fact that ”
第一个是因果关系，主干是displays
第二个是states，后面有一个比较关系
第三个是the fact lends strength to hypothesis。有点接近原文。语序反了。
第四个是 languages have survived.
就只能选第四个了。# x. o* O' {0 R" t( q) ]" r5 j
原文的suggesting那一堆是一个状语。删掉也无关痛痒。8 k6


我：跟老师想的不一样。老师提取句子主干信息是从大方面的逻辑。而我是根据句子的具体信息来判断的。
哪个更好呢？？

dandan17UID: 2812933

Paragraph 4: Nomadism also subjects pastoralist communities to strict rules of portability. If you are constantly on the move, you cannot afford to accumulate large material surpluses. Such rules limit variations in accumulated material goods between pastoralist households (though they may also encourage a taste for portable goods of high value such as silks or jewelry). So, by and large, nomadism implies a high degree of self-sufficiency and inhibits the appearance of an extensive division of labor. Inequalities of wealth and rank certainly exist, and have probably existed in most pastoralist societies, but except in periods of military conquest, they are normally too slight to generate the stable, hereditary hierarchies that are usually implied by the use of the term class. lnequalities of gender have also existed in pastoralist societies, but they seem to have been softened by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth in most communities, and also by the requirement that women acquire most of the skills of men, including, often, their military skills.2 8 e" [& ]( ~2 w, y" [8 t- |5 K8 Y, f3 I9 According to paragraph 4, the fact that pastoralist communities are subject to “strict rules of portability” encourages such communities to
/ V3 w3 g+ x/ Y○ relocate less frequently than they would otherwise
! b  e( a0 p& p! I○ have households that are more or less equal in wealth
8 ^/ q& c3 Z" O/ p○ become self-sufficient in the manufacture of silk and jewelry . P
○ share large material surpluses with neighboring communities

这题我的思路：

看题干回原文，发现首句就是讲这个，然后后面是解释这个策略的原因以及作用，题干问的是这个encourages了communities 什么东西。回原文，
简练下，就是限制积累物质东西和劳动力分散cannot afford to accumulate large material surpluses.。但是高价值、self-sufficiency的OK
虽然不知道self-sufficiency是个什么东西。心悬着
看选项，
A
少频率，什么东西，不知道。留着
B 没说到 equal in wealth，留着。
C
虽然很像，但明显很扯，manufacture都出来了，干掉。
D 没有提到。
看来我读的太少了，往后面继续看。讲了两个不平等。
D 还是没提到，干掉。
AB
PK
A ，还是看不懂，留着。
B, 后面提到明显财富是不平等的。故选A.

反衬老师：根据题目定位到第一句，第一句没有答案，那就看第二句咯。问题是第二句什么单词告诉你和上一句的关系呢？
就是那个Such。
所以你把such后面的文字读完了，就得到B了
Such rules limit variations in accumulated material goods between pastoralist households
(limit variations= more or less equal.
文中有“Inequalities of wealth”，但是后面那是转折啊。转折之后说的文字就明显说这种现象不是主流。

我：文中哪有提到转折了？？明显是顺着读下去的信息。

A: 查完字典知道了relocate less frequently than they would otherwise
Relocate 迁移， otherwise,前面只知道是否则，所以死活看不懂
现在知道了
otherwise
adv.
用别的方法, 不同地

He says it's genuine, but we think otherwise.
他说这是真的, 但我们不这样认为。
在其他方面; 除此以外

The soup was cold, but it was otherwise an excellent meal.
除了汤是凉的以外, 那顿饭菜是很好的。
conj.
否则; 要不然
You'd better go now, otherwise you'll miss the train.
你最好现在就走, 要不然就赶不上火车了。

然后这题其实不用管otherwise, 知道Relocate的意思就行了。文中根本没提到迁移频率少的问题


是这样分析的吧？？

反衬UID: 2328867

问大家一道词汇题的做题方法！

4. The word “sophisticated” in the passage is closest in meaning to

○Complex
○Amazing
○Creative
○Practical

到底这个词“sophisticated”想表达的是什么 ...
xqsissy 发表于 2010-9-22 06:40

背单词看英文解释：
so·phis·ti·cat·ed [sə fístə kàytəd]
adjective

1.	knowledgeable and cultured: knowledgeable about the ways of the world, self-confident, and not easily deceived
2.	suitable for sophisticated people: appealing to or frequented by sophisticated people
3.	advanced: complex, advanced, and very up-to-date a sophisticated computer network

还有，把这个单词的第一个意思翻译成“世故的”，也有一定的误导成分。 要准确理解词汇，还是应该看英文解释

反衬UID: 2328867

Paragraph 1: 还是词汇题，要是我死活就是不知道这个词的意思，我咋做呢？
我上下理解之后，就认为是1， 结果错了，是2。6 D/ r. Q  V" j/ [+ z* ~! a; Q% |
这个该怎么理解呢？. V  T( a2 e. Q9 l

2. The word sparsely in the passage is closest in meaning to+ X) t1 q) e6 e! J1 e
○widely # s* z8 q% M  G' _; `& t: ^8 J  n! n9 t
○thinly
○clearly1 f/ Z; V( }# A( I
○freshly9 e7 Y/ e+ c. Q5 _$ R

请大家支个高招！xqsissy 发表于 2010-9-22 07:07

如果死活不知道这个词的意思，就相当于考你的RP了。但是RP不可能永远爆发。

所以关键还是要背单词。

反衬UID: 2328867

531# xqsissy
查字典之后，我知道sparse= thinly 稀疏

但是如果没有查字典，就是不知道含义，到底怎么上下文可以猜或者推断出来呢？
我通过上下面，就推断出是widely.
这，难道必须把所有单词都会背下来。。 ...
xqsissy 发表于 2010-9-22 07:11

上下文根本就没有足够的信息给你推断出widely。

不需要把所有单词背下来。只需要背考试范围的词就可以了。