Issue28，试用单一领域的例子写一个话题，留链必反！

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I28. "Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. Students who have learned only facts have learned very little."

思路：

第一段：摆观点，同意，the reason of which lies in two respects，第一是有些facts可能本来就是错的，你不学思想是发现不了的，第二是在知道理论的前提下学习facts可以举一反三，就以人类的天文学发展历程为例吧。

第二段：说思想的重要性，facts有可能是错的，如果只记忆这些facts而不理解这些facts的ideas，trends和concepts你就发现不了这些错误，比如说Copernicus详细研究Ptolemy的geocentric theory后发现错误的。

第三段：说原因的另一个方面，在知道思想的前提下学facts还可以举一反三呐，比如说Galileo学习Copernicus的heliocentric theory，对恒星和行星的位置产生了浓厚的兴趣，于是发明了望远镜，为日心说提供了证据。

第四段：让步，说fact有时候也很重要，是前人的研究成果，是巨人的肩膀，但是回马枪杀回来说facts还是没有思想重要，说Bruno，在Copernicus的基础上又发现太阳也不是宇宙的中心，为天文学的发展做出了贡献。

第五段：结论，facts终究没有思想重要，没有学到思想你就好比巨人肩膀上的瞎子，还是看不远，还是just have learned very little。

I totally agree with the speaker's claim that students should learn the ideas, trends, and concepts that can explain the facts in advance of memorizing those facts. The reason of the statement lies in two respects. Firstly, some of the facts that we are learning might have flaws or even are fallacies themselves. If we can't understand the derivation process of these facts, we can never know the truths. The other respect is that our creativity are to some extent base on the active investigation towards the explanation of the facts that we are learning, this process inspire us frequently to create some new concepts and find some new facts. The development course of astronomy may serve as a proper example.

To begin with, we should be aware of that every fact which we are learning today might not complete and could have flaws. If we drop our skepticism and draw the equality sign between the facts and the truths, the human beings will never move on. For instance, Copernicus, a giant astronomer in the Dark Age, studied Ptolemy's geocentric theory assiduously. Before he memorized the fact that the earth is the centre of our universe, fortunately, he tried to understand the idea, trends and concepts that supported the geocentric theory. Consequently, he found the fallacies in this theory and created a brand new theory, the heliocentric theory. Thanks to Copernicus's skepticism, he dug the explanation behind the fact and made an outstanding contribution to our astronomy.

On the other hand, we should encourage students to memorize the facts only after they have understood the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts due to the inspiration of this process can make. Our creativity is come from thinking independently, and to study the ideas of the facts can let us devise some more meaningful ideas. For example, the telescope in our history was invented by another giant astronomer, Galileo, who was deeply influenced by the thought of Copernicus. He was more interested in the reasoning process of Copernicus's theory than just knowing the fact that the earth is not the centre of our universe. To prove the heliocentric theory and find out the location relation of the sun, the earth and the moon, Galileo invented telescope, a great contrivance in human history. In short, the reasoning process of a fact, involving the ideas, trends, and concepts that explain the fact is far more important than the fact itself.

Indeed, I concede that the facts are also very significant. Isaac Newton once said that "If I have seen further than most people, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants." Although, I believe those facts can be seen as the shoulders of giants, it does not warrant we can see further there. Hence, I would argue that the ideas, trends and concept are way more important than those facts. Take a look at Bruno, the one who was standing on the shoulder of Copernicus, was not satisfied with knowing the fact that the earth is rotates around the sun. By doing a tremendous amount of work, he finally found out that neither the earth nor the sun is the centre of the universe. In other words, thinking about the ideas and concepts under the facts is more meaningful than just knowing the facts.

To sum up, if we place less value on the ideas, trends, and concepts that can explain those facts, we are the pathetic blinds who are standing on the shoulders of giants. Consequently, I strongly agree with the speaker's assertion.