托福阅读词汇题总汇

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035. A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance.
The word "myriad" is closest in meaning to which of following?  
(A) noticeable
(B) many
(C) loud
(D) unusual

答案 B

myriad
['miriәd]
adj., pron.
  许多的；无数的
['miriәd]
n.
  许多；无数
myriads of changes
千变万化

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037. They functioned as sanctuaries where the elders met to plan festivals, perform ritual dances, settle pueblo affairs, and impart tribal lore to the younger generation.
The word "settle" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) sink
(B) decide
(C) clarify
(D) locate


答案 B



settle
['set(ә)l]
vt., vi.
  定居；使定居
My son has settled happily in America.
我儿子已在美国愉快地定居了。
  殖民
The Dutch settled in South Africa.
荷兰人殖民南非。
  安置；安顿
We settled in our new home.
我们住入新居。
  落下；栖息
The insect settled on a leaf.
一只昆虫落在一片树叶上。
  使平静，使安静，使镇静
Wait until the excitement has settled down.
等到兴奋的情绪镇静下来再说。
  沉淀；澄清；使沉淀；使澄清
  （建筑物、地面等）下陷，陷落
  决定，确定；解决
We have settled who will pay for the meal.
我们已经定了由谁来付饭钱。
They settled the dispute among themselves.
他们自己把这个争论解决了。
  〈法〉和解
  偿清，付还
Please settle your account immediately.
请立刻结清你的欠帐。
['set(ә)l]
n.
  （座位下是箱子的）高背木制长椅



pueblo
[pju:'eblәu]
n.
  印第安人村庄


sanctuary
['sæŋktjʋәri; -ʋeri]
n.
  至圣所，圣堂
  庇护；庇护所，避难所
  鸟兽禁猎区；动物保护区

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039. Within a very short time, however, the incongruity of playing lively music to a solemn film became apparent, and film pianists began to take some care in matching their pieces to the mood of the film.
The word "solemn" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) simple
(B) serious
(C) short
(D) silent


答案 B


solemn
['sɔlәm]
adj.
  严肃的； 庄重的；神圣的
a solemn face
严肃的面孔
a solemn ceremony
隆重的仪式
The solemn statement of the central government on this issue was featured in full in the newspapers.
各报全文刊登了中央政府对这个问题的庄严声明。
  郑重的；阴沉的

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040. Certain films had music especially composed for them. The most famous of these early special scores was that composed and arranged for D. W. Griffith's film Birth of a Nation, which was released in 1915.
The word "composed" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) selected
(B) combined
(C) played
(D) created

答案D

为电影而创作的音乐！！ 光看前面很容易误以为音乐和电影合起来。

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046. An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the planet's dominant, most-distinctive feature-the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues.
The word "bias" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) concern
(B) disadvantage
(C) attitude
(D) prejudice


答案 D
bias几乎和prejudice都是偏见的含义，但bias多了一个“保龄球运动）使球斜 进（的力量）”的意思。

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050. Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted.
The phrase "casts off" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) grows again
(B) grabs
(C) gets rid of
(D) uses as a weapon

答案  C



cast off
  解缆放船；解缆
  抛弃
  （编织衣物时的）收针


get rid of
  免除；摆脱
"You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to irretrievable errors."
"你们一定要克服粗枝大叶,因为粗枝大叶常常引起无可挽回的错误。"

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042. These plates move over the semi-molten lower mantle to produce all of the major topographical features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformation occurs are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.
The word "intense" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) surface
(B) sudden
(C) rare
(D) extreme


答案 D  这里是产生激烈的变形


intense
[in'tens]
adj.
  强烈的；热情的
an intense young lady
热情的少女

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未完待续。。

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051. A folk culture is small, isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is
homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals.
The word "homogeneous" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) uniform
(B) general
(C) primitive
(D) traditional

答案A



homogeneous
[͵hɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]
adj.
  同类的,同族的,相似的

uniform
['ju:nifɔ:m]
n.
  制服；军服
['ju:nifɔ:m]
adj.
  一致的；同一的；一律的；均匀的

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054. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms.
The word "subtle" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) complex
(B) regular
(C) imagined
(D) slight

答案D



subtle
['sʌt(ә)l]
adj.
  细致的；微妙的
a subtle distinction
微妙的差别
  敏锐的；精明的
  灵巧的；精致的


slight
[slait]
vt.
  粗暴对待；轻视，藐视
[slait]
adj.
  纤弱的；细瘦的； 脆弱的
  细小的；微不足道的；轻微的
I have a slight headache.
我有点轻微的头疼。
A slight prick, and the injection was over.
轻轻的一扎,针就打好了。

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055. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information.
The word "compile" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) put together
(B) look up
(C) pile high
(D) work over


答案 A


compile
[kәm'pail]
vt.
  编辑；编纂；汇编；搜集
We are compiling an English dictionary for students.
我们正在编一本供学生用的英语词典。

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057. People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos.
The word "Prospect" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) regret
(B) possibility
(C) theory
(D) circumstance


答案 B

prospect
[prә'spekt; 'prɔspekt]
vt., vi.
  勘探（矿藏）；勘察（地区）
The prospecting team ploughed their way through the snows.
勘探队排雪前进。
['prɔspekt]
n.
  希望；期望
There's not much prospect of Mr Smith's being elected as Congressman.
史密斯先生被选为议员的希望不大。
  期望的事物；指望
the prospect of having to live alone
希望将来独居
  景色；境界；视界
a beautiful prospect over the valley
山谷之上的美丽景色
  有希望的候选人；有希望获胜的人

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063. Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary.  
The word "rudimentary" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) growing
(B) undeveloped
(C) necessary
(D) uninteresting

选B


rudimentary
[ru:di'mentәri]
adj.
  基本的；初步的
  未充分发展的
a rudimentary tail
没有完全长成的尾巴

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070. Plants are subject to attack and infection by a remarkable variety of symbiotic species and have evolved a diverse array of mechanisms designed to frustrate the potential colonists.
The phrase "subject to" is closest in meaning to which of following?

(A) susceptible to
(B) classified by
(C) attractive to
(D) strengthened by


选A


subject to
v.
  使服从, 使遭受


susceptible
[sә'septib(ә)l]
adj.
  （与to连用）易受影响的
    易动感情的；多情的

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071. The external surfaces of plants, in addition to being covered by an epidermis and a waxy cuticle, often carry spiky hairs known as trichomes, which either prevent feeding by insects or may even puncture and kill insect larvae.
The word "puncture" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) pierce
(B) pinch
(C) surround
(D) cover


选A

pierce
[piәs]
vt.
  （常与with连用）刺穿；戳入
The needle pierced the material.
这根针刺穿了织物。