【116G】风雨与共小组提纲第一周第一次

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59"Too much emphasis is placed on role models. Instead of copying others, people should learn to think and act independently and thus make the choices that are best for them." 59． 人们把太多的精力放在模型和范例上。人们应该学会独立思考和行动，而不要照搬别人的东西，这样才能做出最好的选择
部分同意。
1．
借鉴范例的东西是好的，可以对我们的思维有所启发，可以让我们学习的时候走走捷径。
2．
模仿是人的本能能力。生物学家认为，人自从出生以来就一直在进行模仿。美国加州大学的研究人员发现，人的大脑会潜意识的模仿对方的行为，尤其是其口音，而大脑的这种自发行为会使得你的发音可能不正确。
3．
但是我们同时需要许多的创新与进步，一味的照搬只能阻碍我们的发展，假若每个人都这么想，那么社会还怎么进步？长期的照搬只会让模范把我们的思想框在一个限定的范围内，就很难出新，并且我们会有依赖性的与懒惰心理的产生。
4．
独立思考与选择性借鉴结合起来才能发挥到它最大的效力。在没有方向的时候范例可以引领我们走向正确的轨道，很多著名的理论就是建立在很简单但是却很有代表性的已有的模型之上，比如沃森和克里克建立的DNA模型给现代生物化学和分子生物学领域的诸多研究提供了保障。这就让我们从一个更高的起点开始拓展，也更好的发展。

138"Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress."
138． 不犯错误就不会有发现和进步
1．
失败能让人总结经验教训，鞭策以后，取得进步。
2．
不论是科学研究，政府决策，或者是我们最简单的平常学习，都不会永远都是一帆风顺的。
3．
失败是对探究新事物必须有的态度，我们从小时候开始，不可能没有失败，考试失败，理想破灭，亦或是甚至在初涉社会被别人投来不屑与鄙视的目光。
4．
失败是为了让我们获得前进的方向与动力，总结教训才能接进成功。

203. "The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its heroines." 203． 理解一个社会特征的最好的方法就是研究那个社会所认为的伟大人物
部分同意。
1．
一个伟大人物所做出的贡献是尊崇这个时代特征的。
2．
但是一个伟大人物的贡献只能是在他所熟知的研究领域范畴之内，这样不能全面的了解这个时期的时代特征，甚至就不能代表社会特征，比如说运动员
3．
应该从多个角度，多个领域去理解，查看历史记录，用详实的细节能反映出一个时期的社会背景。我认为最好的了解社会特征的方法就是从它的文化，艺术，文学作品体现，民生民情是对社会特征以及很多政策的最好例证。

ARGU
1.The following appeared in a memorandum written by the vice president of Nature's Way, a chain of stores selling health food and other health-related products.
"Previous experience has shown that our stores are most profitable in areas where residents are highly concerned with leading healthy lives. We should therefore build our next new store in Plainsville, which has many such residents. Plainsville merchants report that sales of running shoes and exercise clothing are at all-time highs. The local health club, which nearly closed five years ago due to lack of business, has more members than ever, and the weight training and aerobics classes are always full. We can even anticipate a new generation of customers: Plainsville's schoolchildren are required to participate in a 'fitness for life' program, which emphasizes the benefits of regular exercise at an early age.
1.
The author fails to assume the previous experience represents the same case nowadays.
2.
There is no evidence to show the condition of saling in history, we cannot conclude that whether the sports shoes and clothes will make great profit for us.
3.
An increasing number of members in Kangti cannot indicate that that the residents are favor of our products.
4.
The Plainsville’s school children are required to participate in a “fitness for life”program doesn’t imply they will have a trend to purchase our products when they grow up.

3, The following appeared in a newspaper article about law firms in the city of Megalopolis.
"In Megalopolis, the number of law school graduates who went to work for large, corporate firms declined by 15 percent over the last three years, whereas an increasing number of graduates took jobs at small, general practice firms. Even though large firms usually offer much higher salaries, law school graduates are choosing to work for the smaller firms most likely because they experience greater job satisfaction at smaller firms. In a survey of first-year students at a leading law school, most agreed with the statement that earning a high salary was less important to them than job satisfaction. This finding suggests that the large, corporate firms of Megalopolis will need to offer graduates more benefits and incentives and reduce the number of hours they must work..
1.
The author fails to assume that the condition during the past 3 years represent the same condition today.
2.
The author fails to take other alternatives into consideration about the declination of the students.
3.
The survey is groundless since they just focus on the freshman at a leading law schools. Then how about others?
4.
There is no evidence to show that with more benefits and incentives, they would prefer to corporate firms.

7, The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Clearview newspaper.
"In the next mayoral election, residents of Clearview should vote for Ann Green, who is a member of the Good Earth Coalition, rather than for Frank Braun, a member of the Clearview town council, because the current members are not protecting our environment. For example, during the past year the number of factories in Clearview has doubled, air pollution levels have increased, and the local hospital has treated 25 percent more patients with respiratory illnesses. If we elect Ann Green, the environmental problems in Clearview will certainly be solve。
1.
The increasing number of factories built here cannot indicate that it is the Cleanview town council leads to such a result.
2.
There is no statistics to show the number of illness before. We cannot reach the conclusion that the more patients catch the respiratory illness just because the pollutant of air.
3.
It is unconvinced that the current members are not protecting our environment represent that Frank Brawn will not protect our environment.
4.
There is no evidence to support the idea that Ann Green will devote himself into protecting our environment.

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