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TPO 4的综合和独立,下周就要考试了,求批改!多谢多谢!
综合:
The lecturer points out some evidences to challenge the idea that dinosaurs were endotherms.
First, despite the discovery of dinosaur fossils in the polar areas now extremely cold, the lecturer illustrates that during the period when dinosaurs lived there, the climate of these areas was considerably warmer than it is now, which indicates the dinosaurs were not necessarily endothems in order to survive. On the other hand, there has not been evidence to show the dinosaurs, whose fossil are discovered, had moved to the places that become polar regions today. Therefore, the assumption that dinosaurs had to be endothems in such harsh climate is hardly persuasive.
Moreover, the fact that dinosaur's legs were under their body, as are today's endothems can not lead to the belief that dinosaurs were also endothems. The lecturer points that other factors might account for this fact. It would probably because having their legs underneath their body could help them sustain their weight. Under this condition, this fact that dinosaurs had legs underneath their bodies is evidently irrelevant to whether they should be endothems.
Last but not least, dinosaurs did have Haversian canals as other endothems do today. But as mentioned by the lecturer, the dinosaurs had another indicator of their growth rate, the growth ring. The growth ring, appearing not always consistently, has demonstrated that this creature was indeed under a fluctuating rate of growth, contradicting the belief that it was an endothem since most endothems grow rapidly even in cold climate.
独立:
Nowadays as we have more been irresistable to the problem of traffic congestion and resulted air pollution in megacities, people tend to believe there will be fewer cars in use in twenty years than there are today. However, in my point of view, it would more likely to have more cars in use after twenty years than today.
First, evidenced by the burgeoning of skyscrappers in cities worldwide, world economy is on its upward trend during the past several years. We hold strong belief to see a more prosperous global economy in the near future. People turn out to be wealthier and more of them could afford a private car which has long been dreamt of. As a result of the increasing demand, manufacturers may expand their supply and thus send out more cars into the market. No wherelse in the world would better show the relation between economy advancement and the increase of number of car in use than in the African countries. Countries such as Eypt and kenya have experienced a rapid economic take-off in the past decade so that the ownership of car in these two countries improved greatly according to a survey made by United Nations.
Moreover, what is going on in developed countries is also evidence of a potential increase of car usage. Although city residents occasionally complain about the deterioriting traffic conditions, they always are living in suburb areas far away from their workplace. The primary commuting method in their lives is invariably the cars. So with the expansion of high-quality roads and cities, people would undoubtedly replace their worn-out cars for new, more cost-efficient ones, thus leaving the number of cars in use at a relative stable level or even a slightly increase.
Third, even the need to improve the traffic conditions and get rid of air pollution will inspire more cars to be supplied. It should be noted that the best way to solve the prblems of traffic congestion and air pollution is to improve the efficiency of the public transportation, indicating that some newly designed cars that require clearer fuel and take more passengers will be highly in demand. It could be seen that in the near future, our streets would be filled up by the traditional cars and some other cars in new design.
Overall, given the situation today, I believe we could soon witness a booming of cars rather than a decline of numbers of cars. |
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