对6分范文和pp3上相关策略的分析 by ken0405

ken0405UID: 124994

题记：
对6分范文和pp3上相关策略的分析
期待加精中,斑竹觉得好,就给加个精.
希望对大家的准备有用.
看官如果觉得有问题或分析的好请跟贴说明。

题目:
"In our time, specialists of all kinds are highly overrated.  We need more generalists -- people who can provide broad perspectives."

对题目的分析:

       
This claim raises several related questions:  What does it mean to be a generalist or a specialist, and what value do they have for society?  Does society actually need more generalists, and are specialists, in fact, "highly overrated"?看到没有这里就是the complexity of the issue.也就是说我们写的issue covers these points的话,那么我们就会insightful analysis, and in-depth analysis咯.大家好好好想想.

There are several basic positions you could take on this issue: Yes, society needs more generalists and places too high a value on specialists.  No, the opposite is true.  Or, it depends on various factors.  Or, both groups are important in today culture; neither is overvalued.  给出了我们可以说的方向,也就是要么肯定,要么否定,要么看具体情况(这个我个人认为中国学生很难说清楚,所以建议大家不要这样写.),要么两者都要(这个虽然很好凑字数,但是我认为文章中的连接很难做到,下面又范文和我的分析.大家看看).Your analysis might draw examples from a particular society or country, from one or more areas of society, or from various situations.  It might focus on the role of generalists and specialists in relation to communications, transportation, politics, information, or technology. 可以看到他要你句的例子都是很正经的,所以大家要句一些具有普遍性的例子哟 Any of these approaches is valid, so long as you use relevant reasons and examples to support your position.

Before you stake out a position, take a few moments to reread the claim.  To analyze it, consider questions such as these:


?What are the main differences between specialists and generalists?这点比较难,也是我们喜欢回避的一点,就是通常当我们遇到a和b矛盾的问题(在我们的一般理解中是矛盾的),我们总是不去谈他们间的关系.  What are the strong points of each?

?Do these differences always hold in various professions or situations?  Could there be some specialists, for example, who also need to have very broad knowledge and general abilities to perform their work well?这是上面的延伸,也难想到.

?How do generalists and specialists function in your field?这点也能考虑到

?What value do you think society places on specialists and generalists?  Are specialists overvalued in some situations, and not in others?容易考虑

?Does society really need more generalists than it has?  If so, what needs would they serve?这点很好考虑到

Now you can organize your thoughts into two groups:

1)        reasons and examples to support the claim

2)        reasons and examples to support an opposing point of view
可以看到,说理和举例子同样重要.很多同学只是光举例子（特别是对于自己不熟悉的题目），这样不是特别好，需要改进，我也一样。

If you find one view clearly more persuasive than the other, consider developing an argument from that perspective.  As you build your argument, keep in mind the other points, which you could argue against.看到没有,可以反驳自己的假设相反观点，是凑字数和增加说服力的好方法.

If both groups have compelling points, consider developing a position supporting, not the stated claim, but a more limited or more complex claim.  Then you can use reasons and examples from both sides to justify your position.

Copyright ?2002 Educational Testing Service

6分范文,太漂亮了,怎么说呢,ft,我是不可能写出这样bt的issue.在心里有点harvard的味道.神了.
首先大家注意文章的格式,段和段间要空格,第一句话要空格.

       In this era of rapid social and technological  change  leading to increasing life complexity and psychological displacement,说了背景  both positive and negative effects among persons in Western society call for a balance in which there are both specialists and generalists.一句话开头一点也不罗嗦,大家学学,别总想着怎么开头,关键是里面有没有货.

       Specialists are necessary in order to allow society as a whole to properly and usefully assimilate the masses of new information and knowledge that have come out of research and have been widely disseminated through mass global media. As the head of Pharmacology at my university once said (and I paraphrase):"I can only research what I do because there are so many who have come before me to whom I can turn for basic knowledge. It is only because of each of the narrowly focussed individuals at each step that a full and true understanding of the complexities of life can be had. Each person can only hold enough knowledge to add one small rung to the ladder, but together we can climb to the moon." This illustrates the point that our societies level of knowledge and technology is at a stage in which there simply must be specialists in order for our society to take advantage of the information available to us.很清楚,一个观点+例子(大学里的人说的有普遍性吧)+把例子里的意思集中一下.最后一句话里的must和第一句的necessary摇相互应,说specialist的作用和必要性.不就反映了前面的红色的字里的东东吗.漂亮.

        Simply put, without specialists, our society would find itself bogged down in the Sargasso sea of information overload. While it was fine for early physicists to learn and understand the few laws and ideas that existed during their times, now, no one individual can possibly digest and assimilate all of the knowledge in any given area.观点加举例,是对上面那段的延伸.说没有specialist会怎么样,举了physicist的例子,多有学术气息.

好戏上来了,笔封一转:
        On the other hand, Over specialization means narrow focii in which people can lose the larger picture.No one can hope to understand the human body by only inspecting one's own toe-nails. What we learn from a narrow focus may be internally logically coherent but may be irrelevant or fallacious within the framework of a broader perspective. Further, if we inspect only our toe-nails, we may conclude that the whole body is hard and white. Useful conclusions and thus perhaps useful inventions must come by sharing among specialists. Simply throwing out various discovieries means we have a pile of useless discoveries, it is only when one can make with them a mosaic that we can see that they may form a picture.看到没有他是怎么说specialist和generalist间的关系的连贯吧.用,the larger picture, by sharing among specialists, and a mosaic把generalist的定义还有作用引出来了.佩服ing.鞠一躬.

下面的这2段大家好好想想,是不是表面上是在说over-speicalization的坏处,而实际是在说generalist的作用,多神奇的东东.
        Not only may over-specialization be dangerous in terms of the truth, purity and cohesion of knowledge, but it can also serve to drown moral or universall issues. Generalists and only generalists can see a broad enough picture to realize and introduce to the world the problems of the environment. With specialization, each person focusses on their research and their goals. Thus, industrialization, expansion, and new technologies are driven ahead. Meanwhile no individual can see the wholisitc view of our global existence in which true advancement may mean stifling individual specialists for the greater good of all.举了个环境的例子,又是举例,但是,朋友,人家可不是光举例,例子里可有自己的分析,好好琢磨琢磨先. 看到 a broad enough picure和 wholisitc view是不是很亲切?对了,这里和上面那段不是又摇相呼应了吗?佩服ing.再鞠一躬.

        Finally, over-specialization in a people's daily lives and jobs has meant personal and psychological compartmentalization. People are forced into pigeon holes early in life (at least by university) and must conciously attempt to consume external forms of stimuli and information in order not to be lost in their small and isolated universe. Not only does this make for narrowly focussed and generally pooprly-educated individuals, but it guarantees  a sense of loss of community, often followed by a feeling of psychological displacement and personal dissatisfaction.这段是说over-specialization对个人精神世界的坏作用,同时你看到loss of community没有,是不是有generalist的影子?再有pigeon holes 和small and isolated universe不也就是说没有generalist的话会怎么样吗?

        Without generalists, society becomes inward-looking and eventually inefficient. Without a society that recongnizes the impotance of braod-mindedness and fora for sharing generalities, individuals become isolated. Thus, while our form of society necessitates specialists, generalists are equally important. Specialists drive us forward in a series of thrusts while generalists make sure we are still on the jousting field and know what the stakes are. 很多人不知道结尾怎么写,大家看看这个. 第一句和倒数3,4段呼应. 第2句和倒数第2段呼应,和我在上段的分析一样的,不要怀疑,就是这样的,好好想想吧. 第3句是对前两句的小结.接下来最后一句是对全文的总结.没有提到任何前面文章中没有出现的概念.

大家看到了吧,两者都要是多么难连接啊.值得学习.

后记
面对怎么恶心的issue,我们只有团结一致,互相帮助(互相修改作文,提意见),才是胜出的关键.
全中国的gter们团结起来
打倒issue
打倒gre
打倒ets
解放全部深受gre折磨的人们!!!

ken0405UID: 124994

我先顶一下

feier521UID: 109747

分析的不错，范文前面的分析来自哪里？
ken 你这是讨“精”啊？呵呵 ，厚face

GcanadaUID: 118286

好文章,给精吧,班主!

amorzUID: 1

支持。鼓励原创！

精华之

ken0405UID: 124994

feire
那是
pp3上的范文的stragies
谢谢，gter龙头老大amorz和gcanada还有feire的支持
呵呵

tomatopotato1UID: 141440

do you go on persuing  the analysing later on the other paradigm!

screwUID: 135321

Ken谢谢你了，好啊…:D

P.S.. 对了，你的签名档黄色的字太亮了，看不到啦…

screwUID: 135321

最初由 ken0405 发布
[B]Finally, over-specialization in a people's daily lives and jobs has meant personal and psychological compartmentalization. People are forced into pigeon holes early in life (at least by university) and must conciously attempt to consume external forms of stimuli and information in order not to be lost in their small and isolated universe. Not only does this make for narrowly focussed and generally pooprly-educated individuals, but it guarantees a sense of loss of community, often followed by a feeling of psychological displacement and personal dissatisfaction.这段是说over-specialization对个人精神世界的坏作用,同时你看到loss of community没有,是不是有generalist的影子?再有pigeon holes 和small and isolated universe不也就是说没有generalist的话会怎么样吗?

以下省略...... [/B]

还有一个psychological displacement…居然也和第一段呼应…佩服

paisleyUID: 64183

感谢感谢！

ken0405UID: 124994

tomatopotato1:
马上要考试了，还有很多活没干，所以来不及了。
screw：哦，这样啊，我改改去。
谢谢angeikim和paisely的支持

ken0405UID: 124994

题记：
对6分范文和pp3上相关策略的分析
希望对大家的准备有用.
看官如果觉得有问题或分析的好请跟贴说明。

题目:
"The best ideas arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things."

对题目的分析:

Because this claim about the origin of "the best ideas" is very broad, you will need to think about how to focus your analysis with respect to the three key phrases of the claim.  You might begin by considering each key phrase and its relationship to the other two.大家请注意its relationship to the other two这点对中国考生是难点，也是大家习惯忽略的问题。请注意看以下三点（也就是issue题目传递给你需要你重点考虑的信息）：
1：
Best ideas -- What kind of ideas can be identified as "the best"?  Do they have different characteristics in different fields, such as science, politics, education, and art?看到后面的：science, politics, education, and art没有？对了，这几个方面只要你有想到，那你的issue就很有普遍性了（ets很喜欢有代表性的，普遍性的东西哟），在以后大家对issue的论述一定要想到：这个问题在science(academic fields), politics, education, art, and normal(custom and value)会有什么作用，有什么差别等等。还有一点：这种best极端的词出现在题目里要好好想想，only出现时也一样。
2：
Passionate interest -- What is the relationship between "passionate interest" and quality of ideas?  好的，知道这个issue的complexity在哪里了吧（通常issue都会涉及到几个概念的关系，而这个关系恰恰就是重点，需要仔细揣摩的，大家千万要好好练习这方面的论述哟。）Could a thorough and careful program of investigation be evidence of a "passionate interest"?  看到吗?连在ets的题目分析里，你也可以学到很多东西，如举例论证加疑问句。Note that the claim is not that a passionate interest always gives rise to ideas that are among the best, but that the best ideas always derive from a passionate interest in something.哟，这里有点充分非必要条件的味道。大家看看。The best ideas 来自passionate interest.但是passionate interest不一定可以带来the best ideas.大家要小心这点哟。

3：
Commonplace things -- What is the relationship between interest in "commonplace things" and the best ideas?  这点比较容易想得到。How closely connected to commonplace things are the most important ideas?  Are ideas about ordinary things important because they are widely applicable, or are some very abstract ideas important because they express fundamental truths about commonplace things?这里强调了原因，不容易考虑到。让我们来看看这个原因有什么用（看范文）。
好的，如果你看到这个题目，可以做出以上分析，那你对于一般的issue题目在理解上就没多大问题了，当然，这个题目有点简单。呵呵。
Now you are in a strong position to organize your thoughts and decide if the reasons and examples you've identified support the claim as stated, support an opposing point of view, or support a position that qualifies or redefines the claim in some way.看到没有，你的文章可以论述的角度被给出了。记住：任何issue，要有鲜明的position是第一重要的，对中国学生来说（中国考生issue一般都比较水，所以要先让别人看懂）  Remember that you are free to take and develop any position you wish, so long as you consider the complexities of the issue and use relevant reasons and/or examples看到or没有？这里我不反对多举例子的论证方式。但是，你的例子一定要详细一点（说出原因和过程来，别光说什么是什么样的就说明了观点，记住：你使用好例子是要去说服别人，而不是简单的告诉别人这个东西是这样的。在你论述原因和过程的同时就已经把reason包括进去了）。 to support your views.
6分范文：
Even the most brilliant thinkers, from Socrates to Satre,很有代表性的例子 live lives in time. A childhood, an adolescence, an adulthood; these are common to me and you as well as the greatest writers. Furthermore, many of the great thinkers we esteem in our Western culture lived somewhat unevetful lives. What distinguished their life from say a common laborer was their work. Therefore, what provided the grist for their work? 反问方式提出主题，多有逻辑啊，漂亮的很。很难学，悠着点。One might say that they were brilliant and this alone was sufficient to distinguish their lives from the masses.记住，这是一种论证方式哟，先介绍一种反方观点，在反驳它来引出自己的观点或是加强自己的观点。 Intellect alone can not devise situations or thoughts from no where; there must be a basis and that basis is most common,呵呵，这不是出来了，greatest 和common的联系吗？ if not always, observation of the common, of the quotidian. Critics of this idea may argue that these thinkers were products of fine educations and were well schooled in the classics.这部又来了一种反方观点，再驳斥吗？值得学习呀。 This, they may point to, is the real basis for their knowledge. I would agrue that although it may be a benefit to study classics and be well schooled in diverse disciplines, these pursuits merely refine and hone an ability each and every person has, the ability to study human nature.这个human nature 不就是最最common的吗？ Where best to study human nature than in the day to day routine each one of us can witness in him or herself or those around us.这里要说的是，这个可不是简单的开头，人家在介绍背景的同时，反驳了两种观点，同时应出自己的观点。在这个过程中，作者很有目地的覆盖了the complexity of this issue，请大家好好体会。当然，唯一美中不足的是，他没有考虑the passionate interests.

I propose that the two best disciplines to understand this power of the commonplace and its ability to cause a groundswell of thought are philosophy and literature. 有代表性吧？看看人家是怎么举例子的，再比较一下自己那些干巴巴的例子，看出差距了吧。Every school of philosophy, from the Greeks to our day, share a common注意common哟 mission or intent and that is to understand and explain human existence, with all of its concommitant features. Generally speaking, the Greek philosophers, epitomized in Aristotle, attempted to set down rules for human behavior founded on logic. These rules applied not only to the rare forms of human behavior but largely focused on the more mundane motions of daily life.很具体哟。 Many of Aristotle's rules were based on his observations of others as well as himself. 主题出来了Contrast this venture with the existentialists of our century who attempted to look behind the real motivations of human behavior as well understand man's relation to the Universe. To do this, what did these philosophers do? They studied those around them;看主题出来吧，great idea的基础都是common places啊。 they submerged themselves in the commonplace, in cities with hordes of annonymous people. While the existentialists, as well those philosophers before, exploited their uncommon eduation and intellect,顺便又反驳一下反方观点，主体太集中了，羡慕，嫉妒the basis for their movement was ordinary human behavior and existence.看，举例子的过程就是论证的过程，好好感受6分作文的魅力吧。

Finally, literature is similar to philosophy in that it seeks to explain and understand human behavior and therefore rooted in the commonplace.例子间都有比较，太难，不提倡。 Nevertheless, its relative strength over philosophy is literature's ability to emotionally and spiritually move the reader through the use of contrived situations and fictional characters. It can do this when even the central theme of a piece maybe love between a man and a woman (e.g.commonplace). 哦，love多有代表性啊，谁都需要love，呵呵Literature also distinguishes itself from philosophy in that the breadth of the fiction may be huge. The plot and the detail can be quite ordinary or fanatastic. However, this does not mean that the central themes of all literature, whether ordinary or fantastic, deal with human beings and the problems they find in the world, something which we all share.很累了，就分析到这吧，这段希望大家补充。
In conclusion, I hope it has been shown that a passionate desire to understand and explain human behavior, the significance of our existence and deal constructively with the challanges of life are the centerpieces of at least in two of the most influential areas in human thought.结尾朴实无华，值得学习 What is more commonplace than the existence of man.

imongUID: 140258

好东西……不愧是先辈顾问嘛 :D

ken原来做过一个这样的帖子
在精华区里

今天我还找了半天（以为是重复的） :D

angeikimUID: 4857

0405  ^_^ 谢谢～～