【无名小组】第三组作业 A7 I86

阿泣UID: 2855092

I86
Some people believe that government officials must carry out the will of the people they serve.
Others believe that officials should base their decisions on their own judgment.
有些人认为政府官员应该遵从大众的意愿。也有人认为政府官员依靠自己的判断做决定。




  From the statement, there are two types opinions：one maintains that officers should yield to the public and abandon their principle in some extent，others believe that an effective leader should make their decisions on their own judgment.Admittedly,an effective officers should not abandon their principles and insist on their judgment,however, in order to make their policies put in practice more effectively ,officers need to cater to the public in some extent.

  To begin with, officers guide the people ,in the same time ,they also rely on the people.After all,if policies always acted against the people's will,they can not be implement successfully.For example,in order to solve the Greece's debt crisis, the IMF and the ECU will loan to the Creek government,the prerequisite is that the Greek  government should cut the deficit.however,the policy including cut the civil services and increase tax met with fierce opposition and lead a massive strike.that cause the Creek government still can not receive the loans.In short,in order to make a policy effectively in practice,the officers should not disobey the will of public.


  In addition, the officer do not like the artist and the philosopher,sometimes,they should learn to compromise with the others which hold different opinions.A society could grow constantly only if avoid and diminish the gap in the public and satisfy the most need of society.Just like in the negotiations between nations, the officers should realize that if they satisfy the public blindly and do not make some concessions,it is difficult to make any meaningful agreement.


  However , the officers should not always compromise and abandon their principles in order to cater to the public opinion.In many cases, the publics short in vison and do not  know which one will benefit to them in the long term.For example,in the 1970s,the leader Deng xiao ping decide to ally with the US and to reform ,when the people still do not want the nation close to the US,even still reckon the US as their enemy.Nevertheless,it looks a advisable decision at present.After all,elites are the main force to promote social progress in the history of mankind.


  To sum up,in the most cases ,the decisions make by officers can not pay no attention to the public will,but it dose not has a unavoidable conflict in satisfy the public will and make their own judgment,in some extent ,the officers should learn to make a balance in them successfully.  



A7

The following is a recommendation from the Board of Directors of Monarch Books.



"We recommend that Monarch Books open a café in its store. Monarch, having been in business at the same location for more than twenty years, has a large customer base because it is known for its wide selection of books on all subjects. Clearly, opening the café would attract more customers. Space could be made for the café by discontinuing the children's book section, which will probably become less popular given that the most recent national census indicated a significant decline in the percentage of the population under age ten. Opening a café will allow Monarch to attract more customers and better compete with Regal Books, which recently opened its own café."




Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.

In this recommendation the broad of directors of Monarch Books(MB),recommend open a cafe in its store.To support this recommendation the directors point out MB has a large customer base and has business in there for more than twenty years, and point out open a cafe will attract more customers and better compete with the Reagal Books(RB),which recently opened its own cafe.The directors also cite a national survey showing the declining percentage of the population under age ten.Careful examination of this supporting evidence, however,reveals that it lend little credible support to the recommendation.

First of all,discontinuing the children’s book section is little indication that the MB will earn a profit from open a cafe.Clearly,the national survey do not represent the actual situation of the local,the declining percentage of the children’s number under age ten from the national survey do not necessarily indicate the local children numbers are also reduced,maybe increased in that moment.Even if the number of children numbers reduced,each child has increased purchases of books,the total sales of the books may still increased or not changed.Thus,without more informations about the sales of children’s books,it is difficult to assess the merit of the recommendation.

Secondly, the recommendation rests on the assumption that open a cafe in the book store will attract more customers.If this is not the case ,then it is entirely possible that the attitude of customers about opening a cafe in book store is not good,perhaps,people do not have the habit to drink coffee in the book store.or perhaps they do not want discontinuing the children’s book section.If this is the case, the MB is unlikely to attract more customers from the recommended course of action.

  finally,the comparison between the MB and the RB is incomplete,hence we can hardly evaluate the effect of the PB.It is possible that RB do not profit from its own cafe.besides,even if the PB make a good profits, we can not indicate that just because that open a cafe in the book store, perhaps other solutions to increase the profits,such as more sales promotion or more types of books,if so ,it is not worth to copy the PB. Therefore ,we can not get enough credible informations from the comparison between the MB and the RB.

  In sum, the recommendation relies on certain doubtful assumptions that render it unconvincing as it stands.To bolster the recommendation the board of directors of the MB must provide clear evidences,perhaps by way of local survey that the attitude about open a cafe in the MB,what if discontinue the children’s books section.To better assess the recommendation,I also need to know the exact effect about the cafe in the PB,and what competition MB might face.  

emeraldyuenUID: 2865055

我写成16了。。。。不过两个属于一个分类。作文就贴在你下面了

emeraldyuenUID: 2865055

We recommend that Monarch Books open a café in its store. Monarch, having been in business at the same location for more than twenty years, has a large customer base because it is known for its wide selection of books on all subjects. Clearly, opening the café would attract more customers. Space could be made for the café by discontinuing the children's book section, which will probably become less popular given that the most recent national census indicated a significant decline in the percentage of the population under age ten. Opening a café will allow Monarch to attract more customers and better compete with Regal Books, which recently opened its own café."

Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.


Merely based on unfounded assumption and dubious evidence, the statement draws a conclusion that Monarch Books should open a cafe in its store in order to attract more customers. To substantiate the conclusion, the arguer points out if Monarch Books open a cafe then it will compete better with Regal Books which currently opened a cafe in its store. Furthermore, he indicates that space for cafe can be provided by eliminating the children's book section, which may become less prevalent according to a recent national census. Close scrutiny of each of these facts, however, reveals that none of them lend incredible support to the recommendation.

Most obviously, there is no way we can conclude from the author's assertion that Monarch is in a bad business condition so that it acquires some strategies in order to retrieve loss. It's highly possible that the store already has a large amount of customers that can guarantee certain amount of profits. In fact, the arguer has mentioned that for more than 20 years, Monarch has a large customer base in that it's known for its broad selection of books on all categories. Hence, it doesn't necessary for Monarch to open a cafe since by doing so, it may destroy the atmosphere of the book store and ruin the integrity of its containing subjects, even more worse, lose its customers without expectation. The author fails to tell us such facts that Monarch does have crisis of scant customers therefore any imprudent action may give rise to counterproductive results.

In addition, the arguer rashly compares Monarch with Regal without any further information about such contradistinction. Perhaps, Monarch and Regal are respectively located in the south and north of the city, hence their customer bases are not the same people, let alone alleged competition. Accordingly, Monarch doesn't have to be worried about the recent cafe opened in Regal. Moreover, do the two book stores sale the same type of books which may raise a big rivalry between them? The author does not clearly illustrate such point. In all likelihood, Monarch's main sales are text books and ancient books that customers tend to buy them in order to write their assignments or papers while Regal's are magazines and periodicals which people may like to read them just in book store hence a cafe is indispensable. It appears reasonable, therefore, for the book store to focus on such unparallel comparison rather to open a cafe imprudently.      

Finally, it's presumptuous to eliminate the children's book section just because a national census indicated a significant decline in the percentage of the population under age ten. Firstly, the arguer doesn't indicate the evidence that the national census can be applied to all the region of the country. Hence, the area which Monarch located in may not witness a significant descent of the population which may be the main reason for eliminating the children’s book section. Secondly, even though this area does encounter a decline, we still can not be too arbitrary to conclude that the decline of population under 10 can successfully result in the decline of customers of children's book. Given that parents have been more and more aware of the education and development of their children, it's predicable that children's book will be increasingly popular.

To sum up, though the argument seems to be plausible, in fact, it is neither sound nor persuasive. Not only does it leave out such key issues, but also cites in the analysis the evidence, which does not lend strong support to what arguer claims. If the argument includes the given factors discussed above, it would have been more thorough and adequate.

emeraldyuenUID: 2865055

Some people believe that in order to be effective, political leaders must yield to public opinion and abandon principle for the sake of compromise. Others believe that the most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objectives.

Write response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented.

There is much controversy over the issue of whether an effective political leader should yield to public opinion and make a compromise or not. Some people may claim that it's proper for the reason that they're elected by civilian hence their responsibilities are escalating citizens' profits to the maxima. However, others argue that the most basic quality an efficient leader ought to maintain is that they need to be consistent to specific principles and rules. As for me, I am on side of the latter for the following reasons.

Admittedly, under some circumstances, a leader ought to succumb to the public opinion for only the people who make up the country know that what is beneficial for elevating their living standard and hence a better society. Consider, if a leader can not meet public satisfaction, he will have to suffer from citizens' censure and end up with resignation ultimately. Can such a leader be called effective? Obviously not. National People's Congress in China is an organ through which the people can exercise their state power. Elected delegates from different regions of country express their own opinions on particular issues and then the headquarters of the country will establish new rules or adjust existed regulations to better ones relied on delegates' opinions. Many momentous decisions are made through  this meeting and it is an essential factor for a country to be prosperous and strong in that all the decisions have the support from the majority residents.   

Despite assorted effusions to the contrary, I have to emphasize that in my mind an effective leader should hold his own opinion and not yield to public volition. Obviously, when faced with some problems concerned with people's benefits, certain departures from people from various vocation are ineluctable. Consider, the recent reduction of payments of medical treatments in China, for instance, it's bound to offend the benefits of hospitals, doctors and drug companies, however, can governments make a compromise to such complains? In doing so, the needy people in the country will definitely have less chance to have medical therapy. Hence, effective leaders should not make a compromise blindly and to the contrast, they need to insist on the opinions they believe committed to special objectives and principles.

Moreover, in some cases, leaders of a country consider affairs from unlike perspectives contrasting with normal people. Ordinary people are only concerned about their own profits rather than wholeness of the society. We can not blame this for them because their living standard correlate best, not with prosperity of the country, but rather with revenue they can get. However, heads of the country can not deal with the national affairs only from the angle of individuals or transient benefits. As we all known, United States always force China to raise currency of RMB. As far as our normal citizens concerned, it's a conducive suggestion because our money will rise in value through this adaptation and we'll all be richer. But why did Chinese government refuse to such adjust if it's really helpful as we consider? Because it will do harm to the international competitive advantages of China and the industry and economy may be severe damaged. Ironically, normal people may never consider such deeper influences. Therefore, an effective leader must maintain his own convictions rather than subject to public's complaints.

In short, as far as I am concerned, an effective leader should not subjugate his own thought to public proposals because normal people and leaders may consider from distinct perspectives, hence it's essential for leaders to sustain their own minds for the whole prosperity of society.