issue93 关于个人责任的 看了前人写的都觉得不怎么好， 自己试了一下

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93.The concept of "individual responsibility" is a necessary fiction. Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own actions, people's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making.


Admittedly, sometimes , not largely ,our behavior are determind by external forces not out of our own will, but this can not be the reason that we can be irrsponsible for our actions. Actually, I disagree with the speaker that individual responsibility is a necessary fiction, in that it is a real virtue that help to maintain our individual existence and psychical integration.

Let's begin by examining what dose the other force stem from if it does not come from people's own making. Obviously, it is  from the family or society, in other words, from the group of people around us. In fact, for every species , which tends to live by group, it is indispensable for every member to make desicisions taking into account the interest of the community, specifically the commitment one ought to assume as a definite role one acts in the group; otherwise no group, no matter how intimate they earlier are,  can avoid the outcome of disaggregation.It is applied the same to human beings, who should consider various factors other than his own will in order to protect the whole existence of human when making a determination. Consider, a man who commited a crime and was imprisoned, for instance. Though he may be reluctant to lose his freedom, he must take on the responsibility for his behavior and receive the punishment of the law, which serves to maintain the social order upon which any civil and democratic society depend and ensure the individual safety and property.If people want a real individual accountability that means they are able to make any judgement out of their own will or interest, then there is only himself in the world , not the a democratic and stable society.

On the other hand, that our behaviors are largely conditioned on the exterior forces flies in the face of our empirical experience and common sense. As a matter of fact,   we have the great freedom to conduct what we are favourite as long as our behavior does not do harm to the society and we fulfill the commitment we ought to undertake as a part of the group as well. Take the role of a father for example. As a father, he may have the responsibity of sustaining the family, including paying for the tuitions of children and tending on his wife and parents, nontheless, he can also choose something to do for his own sake such as collecting stamps , playing card games with his friends.
and even going to ballrooms.

In sum , individual responsiblity  is not a fiction, but a civil virtue that every member of human society ought to be educated to possess.  As a memeber of a group, our interest is related closly to  the whole group's, so subjecting to the exterior forces such as complying with the social regulation and laws is also for the good of ourselves. Moreover, we can enjor the morjority of chances to do what we like after  we successfully play our social role.