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48"The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."
The speaker claims that overemphasis has been put on the study of the outstanding minority(the elite 也行啊) while the function of the (加个ordinary更强对比)mass was forgotten. I concede that the effect of the mass, as the main body of the whole society, in pushing forward the history should not be neglected, otherwise, researches in individuals are more crucial due to their incontestable contribution to the history process and their part as epitome the historical background of a certain stage. I will illustrate this point from three aspects as follows:
First, the focus on minor celebrities relies on their unarguable status in human history, where their honor and repute came from. Admittedly, the mass realized the significant evens, but it is the famous few who play determinate(determinate确定性,decisive决定性的) role in accelerating or impeding the program of history as the leaders. In most cases, one could be famous due to one's significant behavior influencing the history or the society that time. The most striking examples are leaders in the war. In the American Civil War, Lincoln expressed his significant charisma, full of sympathism to slaves, great courage in the first two years of rigor battles in inferior position, and his sage stratagem to blockage the southern breach, which eventually conduced to the success of the Northern. On the contrary, Hitler, as the director of Nazis, should respond to the persecuting and slaughtering Jews, the catastrophe the Europeans suffered, and economical depression.(能在结尾加一个队以上两个例子所要说明的道理的总结会比较好)
Second, through famous few one can easily understand the current trends of the society, for they are compelled by the social needs and represent major characters in an effective way. After all, only coherent with the social trends could the work be committed and spread, as consequent the author be known to all. Here is a convincing illustration to demonstrate my opinion. In the field of costume, the famous stylists must be familiar with the mainstream of society involving the ideology, keep up with the society, sometimes be advanced from(这个借此对吗?可以用go ahead) the mass, but never could behind the fad. I have see a Russian film of 1980's, stories in office, in which the vogue girl wore the skirt which even middle school girls won't accepted today because it has been out of time. If there is a stylist insisting on design such costumes, it is impossible for his/her name to be remembered unless as a negative model.(这个例子没什么说服力啊,而且论点也有问题,有点偏题。你的观点:从名人我们可以了解现代社会潮流。但题目说的是精英史!至多可以说:了解精英史可以很好的帮我们了解他们所生活时代的社会潮流。)
Third, it is impractical to record all (the) member’s experiences in some era. As we all know, the historical recorder(这儿recorder没加s,而下面第三行又加了!) pay most attention to the outstanding minority according to two reasons: one is the fact that it has been a long time that the absolutism played the leading role and the recorders must be respond to the potentates, the other is the recorders had not the ability to document all about the nameless major. Further, even if the recorders could give documents of all, overfull information without cross-section would lead to nothing but ineffective, due to that not everyone have the effort and time to clean out what is the really value(你想表达的是“什么是真正有价值的“?这儿有点中国英语了阿:) what is actually valuable to us ). The role of famous few in some extent works as syllabus.
In sum, the research of famous individuals is more essential comparing with that of the mass. Without the few famous individuals, our current society may be distinct from what we see today. Without the knowledge about the eminent few, the history study will be bagged into sea of ineffective information. Of course, we should not neglect the mass, and give them the deserving respect though emphasizing on that is unnecessary.(以这句结尾有点感觉不好(and only about not feeling good),能在加句重申history emphasized on individuals更好啊) |
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