[打卡]为了熟悉计算机术语而精读C++Primer Plus

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C++prime plus

Welcome to C++! This exciting language, which blends the C language with support for object-oriented programming, became one of the most important programming lan- guages of the 1990s and continues strongly into the 2000s. Its C ancestry brings to
C++ the tradition of an efficient, compact, fast, and portable language.

欢迎来到c++!这个令人兴奋的语言既混合了C语言的特征，又支持面向对象的编程，成为20世纪90年代最重要的编程语言之一，并在21世纪继续发挥影响力。他的C语言祖先带给C++高效,紧凑,快速,便携的语言传统。

纠正:compact简洁，portable可移植的,
写作借鉴: its ancestry brings to A the tradition of : A继承了它的...特点

Its object-oriented her- itage brings C++ a fresh programming methodology, designed to cope with the escalating com- plexity of modern programming tasks. Its template features bring yet another new
programming methodology: generic programming. This triple heritage is both a blessing and a bane. It makes the language very powerful, but it also means there’s a lot to learn. This chapter explores C++’s background further and then goes over some of the ground rules for creating C++ programs.

他对面向对象的特性的继承带给C + +1个全新的编程方法，被设计用来适应现代编程任务不断增加的复杂度。他的模板特性带来了新的编程方法:泛式编程。这三大特点是福也是祸，它们让语言更强大，但同时也意味着有许多需要学习。这个章节接下来探讨c++的背景，并详细叙述创建c++项目的基本规则。

生词: 1.escalating:becomes greater in size, seriousness, or intensity.逐渐升级。
2.Template:模版
3.Yet:在比较级前表示强调(To Express Emphasis) You can use yet to emphasize a word, especially when you are saying that something is surprising because it is more extreme than previous things of its kind, or a further case of them. I saw yet another doctor. They would criticize me, or worse yet, pay me no attention.
4. is both blessing and bane:祸福难料
5.go over:回想，仔细查看

The rest of the book teaches you to use the C++ language, going from the modest basics of the language to the glory of object-oriented programming (OOP) and its supporting cast of new jargon—objects, classes, encapsulation, data hiding, polymorphism, and inheritance—and then on to its support of generic programming. (Of course, as you learn C++, these terms will be transformed from buzzwords to the necessary vocabulary of cultivated discourse.)

剩下部分教你使用C语言，从最浅显的基础到最炫酷的OOP(object-oriented programming，面对对象编程)和辅助它的新术语--对象，类，封装，数据隐藏，多态，和继承--然后(goes from ..on to)介绍它对泛式编程的的支持。(当然，当你学c++，这些学术名词会从时髦用语转变成必备的学术论述)

生词:supporting cast配角; buzzword媒体爱用的时髦词(通常原来是专业学术用语)，discourse论述

Learning C++: What Lies Before You

C++ joins three separate programming traditions: the procedural language tradition, repre- sented by C; the object-oriented language tradition, represented by the class enhancements C++ adds to C; and generic programming, supported by C++ templates. This chapter looks into those traditions.

C++加入3个独立的编程传统:以C语言为为代表的过程性编程传统，以在C的基础上加强类的C++为代表的面向对象编程传统，和有C++模版支持的泛式编程。这章就介绍这些传统。

生词: enhancement 加强

But first, let’s consider what this heritage implies about learning C++. One reason to use C++ is to avail yourself of its object-oriented features. To do so, you need a sound background in standard C, for that language provides the basic types, operators, control structures, and syntax rules.

但是首先让我们考虑下这些特性暗示了要学习C + +的什么内容。使用C + +的原因之一是利用他面向对象的属性。因此你需要一个扎实的标准C的基础知识，包括程序语言提供的基本类型，运算符，控制结构和语法规则。

新词:1.avail oneself of:利用If you avail yourself of an offer or an opportunity, you accept the offer or make use of the opportunity. Guests should feel at liberty to avail themselves of your facilities.
2.sound:健康的，合理的，可靠的，熟睡的
3.syntax:句法。operator:运算符.

So if you already know C, you’re poised to learn C++. But it’s not just a matter of learning a few more keywords and constructs. Going from C to C++ involves about as much work as learning C in the first place.

所以如果你已经知道C语言，学习C ++的时候你就会镇定许多。你不是只要学习一些增加的关键词和结构。从C跳跃到C + +你所需要的学习量和你当初学C语言一样多。

新词:Poised:镇定自若的

Also, if you know C, you must unlearn some programming habits as you make the transition to C++. If you don’t know C, you have to master the C components, the OOP components, and the generic components to learn C++, but at least you may not have to unlearn programming habits.

另外如果你知道C语言，当你从用C语言转变到用C + +语言，你肯定不了解一些编程方式的改变。如果你不知道C语言，你一定掌握了一些C语言的知识，面向对象语言的部分知识，以及学习c++的通用知识，但至少你不可能没编过任何程序。

新词: generic通用的

If you are beginning to think that learning C++ may involve some mind-stretching effort on your part, you’re right. This book will guide you through the process in a clear, helpful manner, one step at a time, so the mind-stretching will be sufficiently gentle to leave your brain resilient.

如果你认为学习C++可能包含一些耗费脑力的内容，你猜对了。这本书会叫你通过一些明确的步骤，有效的方法，一步一个脚印地前进，所以思维拓展会足够缓和来让你的头脑能够及时恢复。

新词:1.manner方法，resiliant:有弹性的，能恢复的
2.耗费脑力，思维拓展: mind-stretching effort

C++ Primer Plus approaches C++ by teaching both its C basis and its new components, so it assumes that you have no prior knowledge of C. You’ll start by learning the features C++ shares with C. Even if you know C, you may find this part of the book a good review.

C++基础进阶通过教授C语言基础和C + +语言新的知识来达到让你学会C++编程的目的。所以他假设你没有C语言的基础知识。你将通过Cpp和C语言共同的特性来开始学习。即使如果你知道C语言你可能会发现书本这部分是一个很好的复习资料。

生词:prime:基础的。prior:先前的。

Also, it points out concepts that will become important later, and it indicates where C++ differs from C. After you have a good grounding in the basics of C, you’ll learn about the C++ superstructure. At that point, you’ll learn about objects and classes and how C++ implements them.

同样他指出一些将来会变得重要的概念，并指出C + +和C不同的地方。在你掌握了C语言的基础后，你会学到C++的上层结构。(纠正: 在此基础上学习C++)对于那点，你会学到对象和类，以及如何用C++执行。

写作借鉴:1.Be well grounded in...在...基础很好2.        Have a good grounding in:在...基础很好If you have a grounding in a subject, you know the basic facts or principles of that subject, especially as a result of a particular course of training or instruction. The degree provides a thorough grounding in both mathematics and statistics.

And you will learn about templates.
This book is not intended to be a complete C++ reference; it doesn’t explore every nook and cranny of the language. But you will learn all the major features of the language, including some, such as templates, exceptions, and namespaces, that are more recent additions.
Now let’s take a brief look at some of C++’s background.

生词:1.nook 角落 2.cranny: 缝隙
3.every nook and cranny 到处，事无巨细
4.对比:exception:例外，异常
5. inception:开始

你还会学到模版。这本书不是打算成为一本c++参考大全，不会事无巨细的探索语言。但是你会学到语言的主要特征，包括一些像模版，异常，命名空间，以及新添加的内容。现在让我们简要看下c++的背景知识。