Buell’ study of village sketches (a type of fiction popular in the United States in the 1830s and
1840s) provides a valuable summary of sketches that portray the community as homogeneous and
fixed, but it ignores those by women writers, which typically depicted the diversity that increasingly
characterized actual village communities at that time. These women’s geographical mobility was
restricted (although women writers of the time were not uniformly circumscribed in this way), and
their subject matter reflected this fact. Yet their texts were enriched by what Gilligan, writing in a
different context, has called the ability to attend to voices other than one’s own. To varying
degrees, the women’s sketches portray differences among community members: all stress
differences among men and among women (particularly the latter) as well as differences between
the sexes, and some also depict cultural diversity. These writers represent community as dynamic,
as something that must be negotiated and renegotiated because of its members’ divergent
histories, positions, expectations, and beliefs.
3. The passage indicates that when Gilligan spoke of “the ability to attend to voices other than
one’s own,” she
A. did not consider that ability to be a desirable psychological characteristic
B. did not believe that individuals differ greatly with respect to that ability
C. was implying that that ability enhances a sense of belonging in communities
D. was assuming that good writers are able to depict diverse characters
E. was not discussing the women who wrote village sketches